• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.458-463
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• 2011

Recent studies have revealed that collagen peptide (CP) plays a protective role in skin by improving the activity of antioxidants and acts as an inducer of skin regeneration by positive feedback. In this study, we focused on the beneficial effect of reinforcing the CP skin barrier. To evaluate the skin barrier, hairless mice were exposed to UVB irradiation and acetone-treatment, with or without oral administration of CP. The effects on skin appearance, trans-epidermal water loss, epidermal thickness, and cytokine content were measured using bioengineering and histochemical methods. In the CP treated group, the skin had better appearance and less damage than that of the control. Furthermore, in HaCaT cells, the amount of serinepalmytoyl transferase (SPT) mRNA increased by about 1.6-fold after treatment (CP, 100 mg/L), reflecting that CP can induce SPT expression and reinforce the recovery of skin barrier function. These results suggest that CP is not only an anti-wrinkling agent but also a potent candidate as an epidermal moisturizer.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.77-85
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• 2021

Glucosylceramides (GluCer) are known to play an important role in both water retention and epidermal permeability barrier function in the mammalian stratum corneum. In this study, we investigated the effects of pineapple fruit extract containing glucosylceramides (PFEG) on the maintenance and recovery of skin barrier function using atopic dermatitis-induced animal models. Five-week-old male Hos:HR-1 mice were divided into four groups fed on standard diet, unsaturated fatty acids-deficient (HR-AD) diet, and HR-AD diet supplemented with 0.01% or 0.1% pineapple-GluCer. Skin barrier function was evaluated by transepidermal water loss (TEWL), dermal moisture content, moisture content of the stratum corneum and wrinkle formation. The control group (HR-AD administration group) showed increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL), while the epidermal moisture content and the moisture content of the stratum corneum slowly decreased. However, in the PFEG groups (with 0.1% or 0.01% glucosylceramide), the TEWL levels were significantly reduced at 2 weeks. The PFEG also helped maintain skin moisturizing function by significantly suppressing the decrease of the epidermal moisture content and the moisture content of the stratum corneum. These results show that the PFEG is effective for maintaining and improving the function of the skin barrier. Therefore, this study suggests that PFEG is a potential candidate material for skin functional foods.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.361-369
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• 2020

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and multifactorial inflammatory skin disease that is characterized by skin barrier dysfunction, inflammation, and chronic pruritus. AD has a complex etiology that includes genetic, immunological, and environmental factors that cause skin barrier abnormalities and immune dysfunctions. Sophora flavescens (SF) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine, but little research has been conducted on its anti-AD efficacy. In this study, we evaluated the effect of SF extract (SFE) on improving skin barrier function and immune abnormalities, which are the main symptoms of AD. SFE has the capacity to enhance the formation of cornified envelope (CE) that plays an important role in the skin barrier function. In addition, it was confirmed that SFE increased the expression of hyaluronic acid related to skin moisture. The effect of SFE against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which increases specifically in AD lesions, confirmed that SFE inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by S. aureus. Furthermore, SFE was shown to inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by substance P (SP), the cause of skin neurogenic inflammation. These results demonstrate that SFE could be one of potential candidate agent for the treatment of AD by improving the skin barrier function and immune responses.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.307-317
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• 2020

The barrier structure of the skin's epidermis is a key structure to prevent the loss of water inside the body and the invasion of foreign substances, and is composed of keratinocytes and intercellular lipids. At this time, the intercellular lipids of the skin barrier has the strongest structure when packed in an orthorhombic structure. However, it is damaged by various external causes and changes to a hexagonal structure. This change in physical structure can be analyzed non-invasively by analyzing the signal of the CH₂-CH₂ scissoring band of lipids using FT-IR. In this study, SDS was treated on porcine skin to construct a skin barrier damage model, and the degree of change in packing structure was quantified by analyzing FT-IR signals. We then judged whether the barrier of the damage model was recovered according to the treatment of the cosmetic formulation. From these results, an indirect method of measuring the water evaporation of the skin barrier to date can be supplemented. In addition, physical changes in the structure of the skin barrier can be utilized in a direct and efficient manner to identify the function and verify the formulation of various materials.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.11-23
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• 2018

목적 : 본 연구에서는 $TNF-{\alpha}$와 $IFN-{\gamma}$로 자극한 인간피부각질형성세포 (HaCaT keratinocytes) 모델을 사용하여 지모가 피부장벽 기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : MTT assay를 통하여 지모 주정(70% 에탄올) 추출물 (EAA)이 HaCaT keratinocytes의 세포생존율에 미치는 영향을 확인하였으며 wound healing assay를 통해 EAA가 HaCaT 세포의 이주 능력에 영향을 주는지 관찰하였다. 또한 western blot analysis와 qRT-PCR을 통하여 EAA가 $TNF-{\alpha}/IFN-{\gamma}$로 자극한 HaCaT 세포에서 iNOS의 단백질 발현 및 IL-4, IL-13, IL-6의 mRNA 발현, filaggrin의 단백질과 mRNA 발현에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 결과 : EAA는 처리 농도 $500{\mu}g/ml$까지 HaCaT keratinocytes의 세포생존율에 영향을 미치지 않았다. EAA는 wound healing assay에서 HaCaT 세포의 이주 능력을 증가시켰으며, $TNF-{\alpha}/IFN-{\gamma}$로 자극한 HaCaT 세포에서 iNOS의 단백질 수준을 감소시켰다. 또한 EAA가 IL-4, IL-13, IL-6의 mRNA 발현을 억제하는 것 역시 확인할 수 있었다. 뿐만 아니라 EAA는 $TNF-{\alpha}/IFN-{\gamma}$ 자극에 의해 감소했던 filaggrin을 단백질과 mRNA 수준에서 회복시켰다. 결론 : EAA가 HaCaT 세포에서 Th2 type cytokines, pro-inflammatory cytokine의 억제와 filaggrin 회복을 통해 피부장벽 기능 손상에 대한 억제활성을 갖는 것을 확인하였으며, 이를 통해 EAA가 염증으로 인해 손상된 피부장벽 기능 개선에 효과적일 것으로 사료된다.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.597-601
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• 2013

In this study, we searched for bioactive compounds from natural resources with a supercritical extract. We selected the extracts of Chrysanthemum zawadskii, Lufa cylindrica, Paeonia lactiflora, Gardenia jasminoides and Scutellaria baicalensis, as natural materials, and evaluated the effects of their skin barrier function. We found that these extracts increased the transactivation activity of the PPAR-responsive element (PPRE) and the anti-oxidation with different priorities, respectively. In addition, these extracts promoted the expression of proteins related to cornified envelope (CE) formation, such as involucrin. From these results, we suggest that natural materials from supercritical extracts will be pertinent candidates for the improvement of the epidermal permeability barrier function.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 1994.07a
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• pp.54-66
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• 1994

외부 환경에 대한 장벽으로서 피부기능의 고전적인 개념은 중요한 신진대사와 면역학적 작용이 일어나는 것을 인식함으로써 확장 되었다. 피부의 면역학적 역할은 면역적 상해의 단순한 표적 이라는 것에서 피부와 연관된 피부와 면역반응의 개시와 조절에서 활발한 역할을 수행하는 것으로 확대되었다. 본 총설은 면역계의 토대가 되는 중요한 기작을 알아보고자 한다. 또한 Langerhans cells와 keratinocytes 뿐만아니라 항산화제, 자와선, 지방산 등이 피부 노화에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.395-400
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• 2017

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease caused by a variety of genetic and environmental factors, dysregulation of immunological response, as well as dysfunction of the skin barrier proteins. The purpose of this study is to develop an ELISA kit suitable for evaluating the expression of skin barrier proteins. Proteins were obtained from the skin via AriNo and D-Squame patches. The efficiency of protein collection from the skin, using the Arino patch, was shown to be more effective than using D-Squame; while the efficiency of lysis using 0.1% Triton-X100 was higher than that of other lysis solutions, including 0.1 M Tris-HCL, 0.1% Tween-20, and 5 mM KOH. Recombinant skin barrier proteins, such as filaggrin and involucrin, were produced by molecular biological methods. Monoclonal antibodies against filaggrin and involucrin were produced by immunization of mice, fusion of spleen cells and myeloma cells, as well as a selection of antibody-producing hybridoma cells. The filaggrin expression in the skin of subjects suffering from atopic dermatitis was lower than that in normal mice. Involucrin expression was not altered between normal individuals and subjects with atopic dermatitis. These findings contribute to an elucidation of the importance of the skin barrier protein expression in atopic dermatitis and the development of a diagnostic kit for atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.227-230
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• 2007

The multi-lamellar and liquid crystal structures have drawn great public attention in the functional cosmetic and skin-related medicinal areas recently. The structure of an emulsion containing aqueous phase as a binding water and fixed oil phase components forming an association compound of the multi-lamellar structure can reconstruct the intercellular lipid lamellar structure in the stratum corneum and restore barrier function of the skin. In this study, we investigated the beneficial effect of bio-mimic liquid crystal emulsions (BLCE) containing higher fatty alcohol, lecithin, and cholesterol on the skin barrier function, and evaluated its cytotoxicity.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.216-219
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to establish experimental canine skin barrier disruption model, the study was designed to observe calcium ion in skin frozen tissue of canine skin and also the modulation of calcium ion distribution of normal skin with disrupted skin such as clipping, acetone, tape stripping damages according to time. To compare the changes of calcium ion gradient after damages, the distribution of calcium ion in the canine epidermis was visualized by blotting to gel containing chemical indicator (Calcium Green-1) with fluorescent microscope and the effects of skin barrier damages were examined according to time. Three mins and 1hr after acetone damage, the gradations of epidermis and hair follicle showed more radiant and disappeared after 48 hrs. On the contrary, 3mins and 1hr after tape stripping damage, the gradations showed more radiant than those of acetone damage, and these gradations were stabilized after 48 hrs. The method we presented here could show the visual image of the calcium ions in frozen tissue without further preparation, and it might be useful to investigate the role of calcium ion in the canine epidermal barrier recovery, however, it might be need further methodological improvement to get accurate quantitative information.