• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.287-311
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• 2003

This comparative study is on divisions of religion, subdivisions of religion, standard subdivisions, and divisions of Christianity in the KDC 4th ed., DDC 21h ed., & LCC 3th ed. It selects the subjects as \circled1 Christianity theology, \circled2 Jesus Christ, \circled3 The Bible, \circled4 Devotional literature & life, \circled5 Evangelism, education; pastoral theology, \circled6 Ecclesiastical theology, \circled7 Worship, sacrament, \circled8 Denominations which are the divisions of Christianity in KDC 4th ed. It wants to be devoted fer the development of the schedules for Christianity.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.380-382
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• 2019

GAN(Generative Adversarial Network)은 정해진 학습 데이터에서 정해진 생성자와 구분자가 서로 각각에게 적대적인 관계를 유지하며 동시에 서로에게 생산적인 관계를 유지하며 가능한 긍정적인 영향을 주며 학습하는 기계학습 분야이다. 전통적인 문장 생성은 단어의 통계적 분포를 기반으로 한 마르코프 결정 과정(Markov Decision Process)과 순환적 신경 모델(Recurrent Neural Network)을 사용하여 학습시킨다. 이러한 방법은 문장 생성과 같은 연속된 데이터를 기반으로 한 모델들의 표준 모델이 되었다. GAN은 표준모델이 존재하는 해당 분야에 새로운 모델로써 다양한 시도가 시도되고 있다. 하지만 이러한 모델의 시도에도 불구하고, 지금까지 해결하지 못하고 있는 다양한 문제점이 존재한다. 이 논문에서는 다음과 같은 두 가지 문제점에 집중하고자 한다. 첫째, Sequential 한 데이터 처리에 어려움을 겪는다. 둘째, 무작위로 생성하기 때문에 사용자가 원하는 데이터만 출력되지 않는다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하고자, 부분적인 정답 제공을 통한 조건별 생산적 적대 생성망을 설계하여 이 방법을 사용하여 해결하였다. 첫째, Sequence to Sequence 모델을 도입하여 Sequential한 데이터를 처리할 수 있도록 하여 원시적인 텍스트를 생성할 수 있게 하였다. 둘째, 부분적인 정답 제공을 통하여 문장의 생성 조건을 구분하였다. 결과적으로, 제안하는 기법들로 원시적인 감정 텍스트를 생성할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1462-1466
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• 2009

우리나라 가뭄의 지역적 특성은 수문학적으로 동질한 지역의 구분 결과에 따라 달라진다. 지역의 구분에는 가뭄에 영향을 미치는 다양한 변수들이 사용될 수 있다. 가뭄을 특징짓는 요소로서 지속기간, 심도, 이외의 통계적 특성들이 있으며, 이 변수들을 정보화하여 변수의 유형을 구분지어 모든 변수들을 요약된 정보로 활용하여 가뭄의 특성을 구분할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 기상청 강우자료 75개 관측지점 중 30년 미만의 강우기록이 있는 17개의 지점을 제외한 58개 강우 관측 지점을 대상으로 가뭄지수(SPI)를 산정하여 가뭄사상의 특성을 정량화 과정으로 남한지역 가뭄특성을 분류하였다. SPSS를 활용한 다변량 분석기법인 주성분 분석(principal component analysis)을 통해 가뭄특성인자의 상관관계가 높은 변수들을 조합하여 그 변수들 중 가뭄정보를 가능한 많이 함축하고 있는 새로운 특성 변수를 만들어 내었으며, 선정된 변수들을 바탕으로 요인분석(factor analysis)의 직각회전 방식(Varimax)을 이용하여 변수들의 표준화를 통해 가뭄특성요인을 찾아내었다. 이를 통해 지역간 동질성을 파악하여 K-means기법을 적용하여 군집해석(clustering analysis)을 실시하였다.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.564-581
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• 2009

The paper investigates the determinants of firm's standardization activity in the Korean manufacturing industry. Standardization variables as dependent ones are standardization management at the firm level, accreditation activity, domestic standards utilization, and international standards utilization. The independent variables include innovative activities(R&D intensity and patent application), firm size, export ratio, networks, and firm's organization characteristics. We estimated the logistic regression model, using the data from 636 Korean manufacturing firms. The empirical findings are as follows. First, R&D intensity doesn't have any influence on standardization activities, except the utilization of international standards. Second, patent application has a positive effect on standardization management at the firm level and accreditation activity, respectively. Third, the inverse U-shape hypothesis relating firm size is accepted for standardization management and accreditation, respectively. Fourth, the level of chief executive officer's interest on standardization is a very important factor in determining firms' efforts to participate standardization process, regardless of types of standardization activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.81-102
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine the ISO/DIS 11620 : 2007(library performance indicators) in terms of structures, objectives, and BSC, and to apply the selected performance indicators to the digital library services for the case of 'B' University in Korea. Standardization of library statistics and of qualify or performance measures for libraries is carried on within ISO in the frame of the TC46/SC8/WG4. While the first edition of ISO 11620 grouped the indicators as to service areas, the ISO/DIS 11620:2007 uses the structure of the balanced scorecard(BSC). For the study, 44 performance indicators are grouped into traditional, hybrid. and digital libraries according to the characteristics of them. Ten selected Performance indicators, which are classified into digital libraries, are verified for the applicability.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.33-44
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• 2013

As the Internet and mobile services increase, the use of wired/wireless web contents services increase and the demand for various contents explosively grows. To survive in competitive market, and to minimize the errors and warnings for web accessibility and standardization, and then to maximize the web usability, the periodical evaluation for web site should be performed with the events of web marketing and campaign. Through the web evaluation, the errors for technical programming language and contents offering can be found and diagnosed. In this paper, the quantitative and qualitative evaluation method for web site providing web contents are presented, and the analytic results for the 138 home pages in domestic are evaluated to validate the quantitative methodology. The accessibility, standardization, and usability factor are adopted for the evaluation in which accessibility is evaluated for perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust discipline with K-WAH(Korea-Web Accessibility Helper) tool, the standardization are measured for the number of errors and warnings in technical language with the W3C validator, and finally the usability factor is analyzed for the number of visits, average visit duration, and bounce rate with Google Analytics. In addition to, the quantitative analysis is also performed with the consideration of cost for construction and operation of web site. From the results, in the case of total score of 100 in conversion with relative weight, the average and standard deviation are evaluated to be 55 and 14, respectively. The correlation analysis indicates that the coefficient is estimated as 0.058, and then correlation between the quantitative results and cost is evaluated to be a little positive.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.177-197
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• 2013

The updated International Standard Banking Practice(ISBP), International Chamber of Commerce Publication No. 745, was published to bring its contents in line with UCP 600. The ISBP 745 has dealt with A-Q that are commonly arising in the credit transactions and also explains in detail some of the articles of UCP 600 with the proper interpretation. The updated version ISBP 745 involved aligning it with UCP 600, making certain technical adjustments in expression of words such as "in conflict" instead of "inconsistent", etc. Despite the updated ISBP 745, there remains a question. Where the words "from" or "after" are used in regard to something other than a period of shipment or the maturity date of drafts, there is no guidance from the UCP as to its meaning. The party concerned in credit transactions is also required to have a full understanding of ISBP 745 and the articles of UCP 600 in order to acquire the documents preparation and examination facilitating the parties to minimize discrepancies.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2016

Recent destructions of outdoor signboards have frequently been caused by strong wind, resulting in damage on the property and human livelihood. One of the major causes of the problems is inadequate implementation of structural design code to the outdoor signboards which are vulnerable to wind. This leads to this paper to present the design guideline of wind-resistant outdoor signboards. In order to estimate the design wind speed, basic wind speeds over Korea suggested by KBC(2015)(revision) are corrected with land surface roughness and topography of the terrain and installation height of the signboard. This paper also suggested the procedure of wind load estimation for different types of outdoor signboards; wall attached type, wall ribbed type and ground erected type. Since the process involves complex calculation to some extent, this paper presents summarized version of wind load estimation from non-professional point of view.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.973-977
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• 2009

The tracing system means that the system can follows, traces, and records every steps of production and delivery of goods and its ingredient. Specially, Koreans have big concern about food tracing system which is influential for health directly. We were more interested in medical herb using in oriental medicine than any other things. We proposed the process and design of tracing system for medical herb based on RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) technology in this research. This study shows current medical herb tracing ways and RFID code system by using for world standard. Firstly, We designed the new process of traceability of medical herb with various preceding references based on RFID technology. Secondly we suggest that RFID code configuration using the international standard code(ISO code) and korean agricultural and marine products code for the proposed process. RFID code system is very important because this plays a means of identification for tracing about medical herb. The proposed code system have the elements as Issuing Agency Code, Issuer Number, inspection information, inheritance flag, area code, modified agricultural and marine products code, serial number in 96 Bit length. Lastly We defined the code-generation process in the tracing system.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.99-105
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• 2013

Development Charge System was introduced in 1989 to recapture development gains, however, it has been revised more than 20 times since then. The reason for such frequent revisions was that estimating development cost was too composite and indefinite. Therefore it is required that estimating method of development cost should be simplified in order to minimize conflicts among diverse parties. To support the recent revision of 'Restitution and Development Gains Act', this study verified several alternatives of applying standardized costs per area under specific size of development and suggested policy implications. For analysis data, 9,362 Development Charge and cost data of si gun gu for recent 3 years were used. The results showed that dividing Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) and non-SMA made a significant difference and definite divisions among regional groups. The result of this study could minimize social conflicts as well as contribute in realizing the public concept of land policy by revising Development Charge System.