• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.6 no.3 s.25
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• pp.72-80
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• 2005

The number of apartments has been increased, and it is time to activate the remodeling or reconstruction. Recently remodeling has been preferred to reconstruction, because reconstruction might cause many problems. At this point of time, remodeling could save resources, preserve environment, and expand the construction market places. However, most research for remodeling is aimed to improve the financial value, and structural effects being caused by floor plan modification has not been done yet quantitatively. Remodeling naturally brings to floor plan modification, and it can cause serious problems of structural side. So we made apartments an object of study, then analyzed stress variation of structural elements according to the removal of shear wall, supposing the floor plan modification. For this purpose, we selected a sample of universal apartment floor plan and extracted floor plan modification factors. Then we applied the factors to sample floor plan and organized the results of stress variation of structural elements. As results, walls are most harmful when the independent walls are removed, and in case of slabs, it is most critical when continuous walls are removed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.6366-6371
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• 2014

This study examined the structural elements of Korean-style houses (Hanok) and proposed formula accounting for their similar patterns and regular behavior. The design of modern apartment buildings adopts many aesthetic elements from Hanok but those are only for interior decoration. In this study, the projected Hanok eaves were examined in terms of the length of solar insolation. Leaning pillars toward the inside of the building were analyzed in detail not only for the front and back pillar, side pillar, but also the corner pillar. This study also suggested a design element from the Hanok structure, such as the elevated balcony, porch flooring, and inner garden in porch area. In addition, the new apartment plan improved air circulation, ventilation and natural lighting.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.37-49
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• 2014

This paper aims to interpret the transformation process of town plan of Gosan-up(高山), which was provincial administrative focus town in Josun dynasty, basing on morphological viewpoint. Morphological concepts, such as morphological frame, urban plan, kernel, colonization, route system, fixation line, fringe belt, plan unit & plan division, morphological period derived from the study of Conzen, M.R.G. and Caniggia, G. epidome district, break point, broken plot, urban fallow, privatization are adopted for the interpretation of urban form. Morphological period of Gosan can be divided in four ; formation of kernel & morphological structure, disintegration & redevelopment of the kernel, augmentative development of the kernel & formation of modern epidome district, outwards expanding of urbanized area, transition & reorganization of epidome district. Especially public leading projects such as construction of new regional connection road and public facilities such as myeon(township) office, agricultural cooperatives federation office, market, are main factors of morphological transformation of townplan. In the early stage, under the Japanese imperialism, construction of the new matrix route(Gosan-ro) through the kernel and followed planned routes gave way to disintegrating traditional areal plan unit and forming small block plan units in administrative facilities area. And linear plan units with commercial buildings were formed along the new matrix route and planned route adjacent to periodical market. In the latter stage, with development of public facilities, private sectors' large circulation institution and terminal outside the kernel with planned routes formed areal block based plan units with commercial and public buildings. And part of the spatial area with the linear plan unit were turned into urban fallow. With the transformation of town plan, new roads outside the kernel have substituted for traditional fixation line of waterway with road and topographical feature. Fringe belts were made successively along the new road and around the major intersections outside of existing urbanized area. Land use in fringe belts, constituting of outer locational tendency early on formation, was gradually replaced with commercial & business buildings.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.37-44
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• 2015

This paper presents a novel 3D model representation, called hybrid model representation, to overcome existing 3D volume-based indoor scene reconstruction mechanism. In indoor 3D scene reconstruction, volume-based model representation can reconstruct detailed 3D model for the narrow scene. However it cannot reconstruct large-scale indoor scene due to its memory consumption. This paper presents a memory efficient plane-hash model representation to enlarge the scalability of the indoor scene reconstruction. Also, the proposed method uses plane-hash model representation to reconstruct large, structural planar objects, and at the same time it uses volume-based model representation to recover small detailed region. Proposed method can be implemented in GPU to accelerate the computation and reconstruct the indoor scene in real-time.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.212-220
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• 1976

The photocyclization of 1,1'-dicycloalkenyls (1,1'-dicyclohexenyl, 1,1'-dicyclopentenyl, 1,1'-dicycloheptenyl and 1,1'-dicyclooctenyl) is studied. Irradiation at liquid nitrogen temperature does not show trans double bond band in IR spectra. Even though naphthalene and pyrene fluorescence are quenched very efficiently by 1, 1'-dicycloalkenyls, no or trace amount of cyclobutenes are accompanied. When acetophenone or benzophenone is used, cyclobutene is obtained only from 1,1'-dicyclohexenyls, 1,1'-dicycloheptenyl giving some adducts. Naphthalene and pyrene sensitizes adduct formation but not cyclization. From above observations, it is concluded that photocyclization occurs from the planar s-cis triplet state rather than twisted triplet, singlet excited state or vibrationally excited ground state in sensitized photocyclization of 1,1'-dicycloalkenyls.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.5A
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• pp.682-687
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• 2000

EMI problem is very important in a printed circuit board design. This paper deals with image plane as one of the most effective method to reduce EMI in PCB. The shielding performance of one and two layers of image planes of finite width and length is analyzed by the method of moments based on the triangular surface patch model. The current distributions were modeled as two simple line sources. It is demonstrated that proper triangulation should be made so as to take two basis functions in the boundary triangles of the surface.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2003

An optimization Program is developed to produce new topologies of plane structures under multiload case. A four-node finite element is used in the response analysis to reduce the computation time and to ultimately achieve practical topology optimization. The bilinear finite element is prone to produce chequer-boarding phenomenon and a simple filtering process is therefore adopted. An artificial material model is employed to represent the structural material and the resizing algorithm based on the optimality criteria is adopted to update the material density parameter during optimization process. With newly developed optimization program, the comparison study has been made between single and multiload cases and its results are described in this paper. From numerical results, it appears that multiload case should be considered to achieve the practical topology optimization.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.107-116
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• 1999

대칭성(symmetry)은 그래프의 구조와 특성을 시각적으로 표현할 때 중요한 미적 기준 중의 하나이다. 또한 대칭성을 보여주는 드로잉은 전체 그래프가 크기가 작은 부그래트들로부터 반복적으로 구성됨을 보여줌으로써 전체 그래프에 대한 이해를 쉽게 푸는 해주는 장점이 있다. 하지만 일반적인 그래프에서 기하하적 대칭성(geometric symmetry)을 탐지하는 문제는 이미 NP-complete 임이 증명되었으므로 이에 대한 연구는 평면 그래프(planar graph)의 극히 제한적인 부분집합인 트리, 외부 평면 그래프, 임베딩된 (embedded) 평면 그래프 등에 초점이 맞추어져 왔다. 본 논문에서는 평면 그래프에서의 기하학적 대칭성 문제를 연구하였다. 평면 그래프를 이중 연결 성분들로 분할한 다음 이를 각각 다시 삼중 연결 성분들로 분할하여 트리를 구성하고 축소(reduction)개념을 도입함으로써 기하학적 대칭성을 탐지하는 O(n2)시간 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 여기서 n은 그래프의 정점의 개수이다. 이 알고리즘은 평면 그래프를 최대한 대칭적으로 드로잉하는 알고리즘 개발에 이용될 수 있다.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.248-256
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• 1988

극한해석은 이제까지 주로 소성구조물의 설계에 응용되어 왔다. 초기의 구조물들은 탄성에너지 이론에 의하여 설계되었고 모든 권위자들은 이를 당연하게 받아들였다. 그러나 Broek 교수와 같은 사람들의 노력에 의하여 극한설계의 타당성과 유용성이 입증되었고, 구조물의 건설에 많은 경비를 절약하게 되었다. 철탑과 같은 트러스 구조물이 그 대표적인 예로서 카나다의 수력발 전회사는 1910년 철탑을 평지에 세워놓고 모든 악조건을 부과하며 수년간 극한해석의 타당성을 실험하여 입증하였다. 트러스에 대한 극한해석 문제는 최소화 기법의 구속최소화 문제로 유도할 수 있고, 트러스문제는 소성가공의 해석에도 직접 응용할 수 있다. 왜냐하면, 예를 들어 평면변 형문제가 앞에서 보인바와 같이 똑같은 구속최소화 문제로 유도되었기 때문이다. 결론적으로, 트러스문제나, 평판문제나, 평면응력문제나, 평면변형문제가 극한해석에서는 모두 같은 문제로 간주될 수 있고 같은 공식과 같은 방법으로 풀 수 있는 것이다. 이를테면, 소성구조물에서의 한 계하중은 소성가공에서는 가공하중이 되며 모두 극한하중이 되는 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.292-293
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• 2011

보로노이 다면체 기법은 금속비정질재료에서의 20면체 Short-Range order와 같은 원자 구조를 분석하는 가장 유용한 도구 중에 하나이다. 기존의 보로노이 다면체 기법에서는 다면체의 평면은 다른 크기를 가진 원자간 거리의 중간에 위차하였다. 하지만, 이러한 방법은 필연적으로 분석 오차를 발생시킨다. 대안적인 방법으로서 근평면법이라고 불리우는 가중 보로노이법을 사용하면, 원자의 크기의 차이를 고려하여 해석할 수 있다. 본논문에서는 이러한 근평면법을 여러 가지의 성분비를 가진 비정질 재료에 적용하여 기존의 보로노이법과 비교 분석하였다. 결과적으로 보로노이 인덱스, 원자체적 분포, 보로노이 다면체 분포, 20면체의 공간 분포등등에서 기존의 보로노이법은 완전히 잘못된 결과를 보여줄 수도 있다는 것이 발견되었다.