• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.35-47
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• 2001

Traffic represents one of the largest sources of primary air pollutants in urban area. As a consequence. numerous abatement strategies are being pursued to decrease the ambient concentration of pollutants. A characteristic of most of the these strategies is a requirement for accurate data on both the quantity and spatial distribution of emissions to air in the form of an atmospheric emission inventory database. In the case of traffic pollution, such an inventory must be compiled using activity statistics and emission factors for vehicle types. The majority of inventories are compiled using passive data from either surveys or transportation models and by their very nature tend to be out-of-date by the time they are compiled. The study of current trends are towards integrating urban traffic control systems and assessments of the environmental effects of motor vehicles. In this study, a methodology of motor vehicle emission calculation by using real-time traffic data was studied. A methodology for estimating emissions of CO at a test area in Seoul. Traffic data, which are required on a street-by-street basis, is obtained from induction loops of traffic control system. It was calculated speed-related mass of CO emission from traffic tail pipe of data from traffic system, and parameters are considered, volume, composition, average velocity, link length. And, the result was compared with that of a method of emission calculation by VKT(Vehicle Kilometer Travelled) of vehicles of category.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2017

우리나라에서 2014년부터 2016년까지 중부지방을 중심으로 지속된 강우부족은 용수공급에 피해를 발생시키는 주요 원인이 되었다. 2014년부터 2016년까지 보령 기상관측소의 연강수량은 각각 1,010.6 m, 782.5 mm, 792.8 mm였으며 이는 보령 기상관측소 연강수량의 평년값인 1,244.3 mm의 81.2 %, 62.9 %, 63.7 %에 해당하는 양이었다. 이러한 강우부족으로 인하여 충청남도 서북부권에 용수공급을 담당하고 있는 보령댐의 저수율이 20 % 미만으로 감소하는 문제가 발생하였다(2015년 11월 6일 기준). 국토교통부는 보령댐의 저수율 감소가 지속될 경우 보령댐 용수공급 지역에 피해가 발생할 것으로 판단하였고 이러한 피해를 저감시키는 방안으로 금강 백제보 하류의 물을 보령댐 상류로 공급하기 위한 긴급용수공급 시설인 보령댐 도수로를 설치하였다. 보령댐 도수로 운영 시 지형 및 수질 문제를 해결하기 위하여 가압시설, 정수시설과 같은 부대시설이 함께 설치되었다. 이로 인해 도수로 운영 시 부대시설의 운영비용이 소요되므로 보령댐 도수로는 운영일수를 최소화하고 보령댐의 용수공급은 최대화하는 도수로의 운영방안이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 보령댐 도수로의 효율적인 운영방안을 모색하기 위하여 다양한 보령댐 도수로 운영방안을 설정하고 각 운영방안 따른 저수지 모의운영을 실시하여 보령댐 도수로의 운영효과를 분석하고자 하였다. 도수로의 운영방안은 보령댐 유역의 유역평균강수량을 활용하여 산정한 SPI, 보령댐 실측유입량을 활용하여 산정한 월 평균유입량, 용수공급 조정기준의 단계별 저수량 등을 활용하여 설정하였다. 또한 저수지 모의운영 결과를 평가하기 위한 지표로 용도별 용수공급 신뢰도와 용수공급 조정기준의 각 단계별 도달일수, 도수로 운영일수, 무효방류량 등을 산정하고 그 결과를 비교 분석하였다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.1A
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• pp.75-89
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• 2006

This paper presents a practical and realistic Life-Cycle Cost (LCC) optimum design methodology of steel bridges considering time effect of bridge reliability under environmental stressors such as corrosion and heavy truck traffics. The LCC functions considered in the LCC optimization consist of initial cost, expected life-cycle maintenance cost and expected life-cycle rehabilitation costs including repair/replacement costs, loss of contents or fatality and injury losses, road user costs, and indirect socio-economic losses. For the assessment of the life-cycle rehabilitation costs, the annual probability of failure which depends upon the prior and updated load and resistance histories should be accounted for. For the purpose, Nowak live load model and a modified corrosion propagation model considering corrosion initiation, corrosion rate, and repainting effect are adopted in this study. The proposed methodology is applied to the LCC optimum design problem of an actual steel box girder bridge with 3 continuous spans (40 m+50 m+40 m=130 m), and various sensitivity analyses of types of steel, local corrosion environments, average daily traffic volume, and discount rates are performed to investigate the effects of various design parameters and conditions on the LCC-effectiveness. From the numerical investigation, it has been observed that local corrosion environments and the number of truck traffics significantly influence the LCC-effective optimum design of steel bridges, and thus realized that these conditions should be considered as crucial parameters for the optimum LCC-effective design.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.103-111
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• 2011

The speed is one of the significant factors affecting accident occurrence. In particular, freeway accidents are highly associated with the speed because vehicles travel on the freeway at higher speed leading to greater potential of severer injury. Efforts attempting to relating speed with accident occurrence have not been significantly made in Korea. The objective of this study is to model the relationship between speed and accident rate on freeways. Loop detector data and accident data obtained from a stretch of Kyungboo freeway during the recent five years, 2005-2009, were used to establish the model. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that median, minimum and standard deviation of speed were contributing variables in the model. The statistical significance identified by the analyses supports the feasibility of the model in evaluating various transportation policies and operations strategies in terms of traffic safety.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.119-131
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• 2024

Understanding accurate traffic performance is crucial for ensuring efficient highway operation and providing a sustainable mobility environment. On the other hand, an immediate and precise estimation of highway traffic performance faces challenges because of infrastructure and technological constraints, data processing complexities, and limitations in using integrated big data. This paper introduces a framework for estimating traffic performance by analyzing real-time data sourced from toll collection systems and dedicated short-range communications used on highways. In particular, this study addresses the data errors arising from segmented information in data, influencing the individual travel trajectories of vehicles and establishing a more reliable Origin-Destination (OD) framework. The study revealed the necessity of trip linkage for accurate estimations when consecutive segments of individual vehicle travel within the OD occur within a 20-minute window. By linking these trip ODs, the daily average highway traffic performance for South Korea was estimated to be248,624 thousand vehicle kilometers per day. This value shows an increase of approximately 458 thousand vehicle kilometers per day compared to the 248,166 thousand vehicle kilometers per day reported in the highway operations manual. This outcome highlights the potential for supplementing previously omitted traffic performance data through the methodology proposed in this study.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.12-19
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• 2016

An average of 20 million individual transit unit activities per day on the Seoul-Gyeonggi-Incheon public transportation network are provided as transportation card analysis data by the metropolitan district (99.02% by 2014 standard, Humanlive, 2015.4). The metropolitan transportation card data can be employed in a comprehensive analysis of public transportation users' current transit patterns and by means of this, an effective use plan can be explored. In enhancing the existing information on the bus and rail integrated network of the metropolis with public transportation card data, the constraints in the existing methodology of metropolitan transit analysis, which functions on a zone unit origin and destination basis, can be overcome. Framework for metropolitan public transportation card data based integrated public transportation analysis, which consists of bus and rail integrated transport modes, is constructed, and through this, a single passenger's transit behavior transit volume can be approximated. This research proposes that in the use of metropolitan public transportation card data, integrated public transportation usage, as a part of individual passenger spatial movements, can be analyzed. Furthermore, metropolitan public transportation card usage data can provide insights into understanding not only movements of populations taking on transit activities, but also, characteristics of metropolitan local space.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.519-524
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• 2009

Although it is expected to provide fundamental data for advanced VTS system by analyzing traffic accidents in VTS area, there is no quantitative analysis to find it.. In this research, it is examined and analyzed marine casualties records(1999-2004), data of Port-MIS and data of each VTS center. The results of this research are as below. 1) It is necessary to reduce traffic accident and to improve VTS operating system. 2) It is discovered for statistical discrepancy between vessels controlled by VTS and vessels not controlled by VTS in accident cause, visibility, perception distance and cause of late perception in collision accidents 3) It is necessary for VTS assistance to be positive and to made in ample time consecutively. 4) As the result of traffic accident prediction model, it is necessary to develop a system improving VTS operators' ability to identify dangerous ships.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

COVID-19 has caused the dramatic reduction of public transportation demand in Busan Metropolitan City, that is, daily public transportation trips in 2020 dropped by approximately 920,000 trips from 2019 based on the public transportation card data. This study investigated the underlying factors affecting the public transportation demand discrepancy between before and after COVID-19 at the primary administration unit(i.e., Eup, Myeon, Dong) level with Ordered Logistic Regression model. Finding of this study is as follows. The primary administration units characterized with high ratio of welfare recipients, industrial area, and day boarders were heavily dependent on public transit, indicating little change in public transportation demand. On the other hands, the primary administration units which have high ratio of urban rail transit uses experienced significant reduction of public transportation demand. In conclusion, transportation policies taken under emergent situation such as COVID-19 need to take into account the region-based characteristics rather than unilateral ones.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.131-141
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• 2008

The objective of this study is to propose methods for determining optimal representative value and the optimal size of historical data for reliable travel time forecasting. We selected values with the smallest mean of forecasting errors as the optimal representative value of travel time pattern data. The optimal size of historical data used was determined using the CVMSE(Cross Validated Mean Square Error) method. According to the results of applying the methods to point vehicle detection data of Korea Highway Corporation, the optimal representative value were analyzed to be median. Second, it was analyzed that 60 days' data is the optimal size of historical data usedfor travel time forecasting.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.116-120
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• 1965

The degree of atmospheric pollution from automobile engine exhausts has been measured at 1-ga, Eulchiro, Jung-ku, one of the heaviest traffic junctions in Seoul. By determining the concentrations of Pb, $SO_2, NO_2, NO, CO \;and\; CO_2$ in atmospheric air measured are as follows: Pb, $21{\sim}2 {\mu]g./m^3.;\;SO_2,\;0.33{\sim}0.001\;ppm.;\;NO_2,$ $0.20{\sim}< 0.01\;ppm.;\;NO,\;1.30{\sim}0.02\;ppm.;\;CO,\;40{\sim}<\;5ppm$.; and $CO_2,\;0.040{\sim}0.034%$. The mean concentrations determined are as follows: Pb, $11 {\mu}g./m^3.; SO_2, 0.08 ppm.; NO_2,$ 0.09 ppm.; NO, 0.37 ppm.; CO, 16 ppm. and $CO_2,$ 0.038%. Generally, the concentrations of Pb, $NO_2, NO, CO\; and\; CO_2$ are approximately proportional to the traffic density, vehicles passing per hour.