• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.5A
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• pp.433-442
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• 2010

A control of chloride diffusion coefficient is very essential for service life of reinforced concrete (RC) structures exposed to chloride attack so that much studies have been focused on this work. The purpose of this study is to derive the intended diffusion coefficient which satisfies intended service life and propose a technique for optimum concrete mixture through genetic algorithm(GA). For this study, 30 data with mixture proportions and related diffusion coefficients are analyzed. Utilizing 27 data, fitness function for diffusion coefficient is obtained with variables of water to binder ratio(W/B), weight of cement, mineral admixture(slag, flay ash, and silica fume), sand, and coarse aggregate. 3 data are used for verification of the results from GA. Average error from fitness function is observed to 18.7% for 27 data for diffusion coefficient with 16.0% of coefficient of variance. For the verification using 3 data, a range of error for mixture proportions through GA is evaluated to 0.3~9.3% in 3 given diffusion coefficients. Assuming the durability design parameters like intended service life, cover depth, surface chloride content, and replacement ratio of mineral admixture, target diffusion coefficient, where exterior conditions like relative humidity(R.H.) and temperature, is derived and optimum design mixtures for concrete are proposed. In this paper, applicability of GA is attempted for durability mixture design and the proposed technique would be improved with enhancement of comprehensive data set including wider range of diffusion coefficients.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.15 no.5 s.66
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• pp.475-487
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• 2003

This study developed an analysis model of estimating fatigue damage using the linear elastic fracture mechanics method. Stress history occurring to an element when a truck passed over a bridge was defined as block loading and crack closure theory explaining load interaction effect was applied. Stress range frequency analysis considering dead load stress and crack opening was done. Probability of stress range frequency distribution was applied and the probability distribution parameters were estimated. The Monte Carlo simulation of generating the probability various of distribution was performed. The probability distribution of failure block numbers was obtained. With this the fatigue reliability of an element not occurring in failure could be calculated. The failure block number divided by average daily truck traffic remains the life of a day. Fatigue reliability analysis model was carried out for the welding member of cross beam flange and vertical stiffener of steel box bridge using the proposed model. Consequently, a 3.8% difference was observed between the remaining life in the peak analysis method and in the proposed analysis model. The proposed analysis model considered crack closure phase and crack retard.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.168-177
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• 1999

Fatigue damage is the phenomena which is accumulated gradually with loading cycle in material. It is represented by fatigue crack growth rate da/dN and fatigue life ratio $N/N_{f}$. Fracture mechanical parameters estimating large crack growth behavior can calculate quantitative amount of fatigue crack growth resistance in engineering material. But fatigue damage has influence on various load, material and environment. Therefore, In this study, we propose that artificial intelligent fatigue damage model can predicts fatigue crack growth rate da/dN and fatigue life ratio $N/N_{f}$ simultaneously using fracture mechanical and nondestructive parameters.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2021

Recently, infrared (IR) and near-infrared (NIR) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were widely used for home medical applications owing to its low output power and wide exposed area for curing. For deep penetration of the light under the skin, multiple LEDs with wavelengths of 700~10,000 nm were located on a flexible printed circuit board. When multiple wavelengths of LEDs were soldered on a circuit board, the lifetime of LED module highly depends on LEDs with a short lifetime. The mean time to failure (MTTF) was able to calculate with the experimental results under high temperature and the Arrhenius model. The results of this study could help companies to approve the warranty of LED modules and its product.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.721-723
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• 2022

최근 낸드 플래시 메모리 기반의 Solid State Drive(SSD)가 기존 Hard Disk Drive(HDD)를 대신하여 개인용과 산업용으로도 널리 쓰이고 있다. 핫 데이터 구분 기법은 이러한 SSD 의 성능과 수명에 중요한 역할을 하는 Garbage Collection(GC)과 Wear Leveling(WL) 기술의 기반이 된다. 본 논문에서는 핫 데이터를 예측하기 위한 나이브 베이즈 분류 기반의 새로운 핫 데이터 구분 기법을 제안한다. 제안 기법은 워크로드 액세스 패턴의 학습 단계인 초기 단계와 실제 운영 단계를 통해 다시 액세스 될 확률이 높은 데이터를 그렇지 않은 데이터와 효과적으로 구분한다. 다양한 실제 trace 기반 실험을 통해 본 제안 기법이 기존 대표적인 기법보다 평균 19.3% 높은 성능을 확인했다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.3685-3691
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• 2015

We developed the platform safety step system for the passenger to avoid misstep accident and secure the pedestrian safety. In this study, we classify platform safety step system into hierarchy system and predict the failure rate of each part and calculate the failure rate & MTBF(Mean Time Between Failure) of each module(sub-system) by means of RBD(Reliability Block Diagram) & FTA(Fault Tree Analysis). Finally, we will propose the reliability analysis results for RAMS analysis of platform safety step system.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.39-45
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• 2008

A levitation rail is placed on the top of track structure to operate Maglev vehicles and a part of track that link up with a sleeper is applied repeated load in Maglev vehicles operation. This paper aimed to verify validity of design for levitation rail, through the fatigue analysis about load which is applied to levitation rail in Maglev vehicles operation and impact load occurring in an emergency landing. Load conditions applied design load(23kN/m) in normal operation and skid drop load(24kN/m) in vehicle drop. And boundary conditions are consider bolt fixing and welding. Through static analysis, weak point and maximum stress of levitation rail could be obtained. S-N(stress-life) method was used in oder to predict fatigue life, and Goodman relationship was applied to consider a effect of mean stress. Also damage was calculated by using Miner's. As a result of fatigue analysis, levitation rail had a fatigue life which was more than requirement ($10^6$cycle) in all analysis conditions. Assumption that $10^8{\sim}10^9$cycles is infinite life, all analysis conditions had infinite life except a case under drop load and bolt fixing($1.21{\times}10^6$).

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.41-59
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• 2016

There have been continuous improvements in human life expectancy. Life expectancy is as a key factor in an aging population and can wreak severe damage on the financial integrity of pension providers. Hence, the projection of the accurate future mortality is a critical point to prevent possible losses to pension providers. However, improvements in future mortality would be overestimated by a typical mortality projection method using the Lee-Carter model since it underestimates the mortality index ${\kappa}_t$. This paper suggests a mortality projection based on the projection of the skewness of the mortality versus the typical mortality projection of the Lee-Carter model based on the projection of the mortality index, ${\kappa}_t$. The paper shows how to indirectly estimate future t trend with the skewness of the mortality and compares the results under each estimation method of the mortality index, ${\kappa}_t$. The analysis of the results shows that mortality projection based on the skewness presents less improved mortality at an elderly ages than the original projection.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.821-831
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• 2013

As a result of recent research, it is reported that the periodic replacements criterion of rails is able to extend as grinding rail surface and using the continuous welded rail (CWR). In this study, we carried out fatigue tests on existing laid rails. Based on the test results, an S-N curve expressing the remaining life of laid rails at a fracture probability of 50% was obtained using weighted probit analysis suitable for small-sample fatigue data sets. As rails used for testing had different histories in terms of accumulated tonnage, the test data were corrected to average out the accumulated tonnage. We estimated the remaining service lives for laid rails on the urban railway using equations developed in the past to estimate rail base bending stress and that surface irregularities into consideration. Therefore, estimating the remaining service life of laid rails showed that the rail replacement period could be extended over 200 MGT, although it is necessary to remove longitudinal rail surface irregularities at welds by grinding. Also, the fatigue test results under fatigue limit, Haibach's rule appling half slope of S-N curve under the fatigue limit was considered more reasonable than modified Miner's rule for estimating rail fatigue life.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.428-434
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• 2020

The one-shot weapon system is destroyed after only one mission. So, the system requires high reliability. Guided missiles are one-shot weapon systems that have to be analyzed by storage reliability since they spend most of their life in storage. The analysis results depend on the model and the ratio of correct censored data. This study was conducted to propose a method to more accurately predict the future failure rate of Air force guided missiles. In the proposed method, the failure rate is predicted by both MTTF (Mean Time To Failure) and MTBF (Mean Time Between Failure) models and the model with a smaller error from the real failure rate is selected. Next, with the selected model, the ratio of correct censored data is selected to minimize the error between the predicted failure rate and the real failure rate. Based on real field data, the comparative result is determined and the result shows that the proposed sampling rate can predict the future failure rate more accurately.