• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.24-24
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• 1998

국내 소프트웨어산업은 산업특성상 우리 나라에 적합한 산업이며 국내시장 규모도 급증하고 있으나 선진국에 비해 낙후되어 있는 형편이다. 따라서 최근 각광 받고 있는 소프트웨어 창업기업들을 대상으로 실사 및 설문지 조사를 통해 소프트웨어산업에 있어서의 성공요인들을 알아보고 이를 바탕으로 국내 소프트웨어산업의 국제경쟁력 제고를 위한 방안을 모색하는 것이 무엇보다도 필요한 시점이다. 이러한 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 조사대상 기업체를 기존 연구들처럼 소프트웨어산업에 종사하고 있는 기업들을 임의적으로 추출하여 자료를 수집하는 대신 성장 가능성이 있다고 판단되어 선정된 유‘망 중소정보통신 소프트웨어 기업’들과 현재까지 선정되지 못한 기업의 두 그룹으로 나누어 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 두 그룹간의 창업배경 및 성장과정별로 비교분석을 통해 차이점을 밝히고자 하였으며 창업이후 성공적 운영에 필수적인 우위요인에 관해서도 살펴보았다. 이러한 비교분석결과에 근거하여 국내 소프트웨어산업의 성공요인 및 국제경쟁력 제고를 위한 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 선정기업과 비선정기업간의 비교를 통한 성공요인 분석결과를 요약하여 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 창업자의 일반적 특성과 창업배경 및 창업동기를 볼 때, 창업배경 또한 연구개발직 경험을 바탕으로 창업한 경우가 가장 많았으며, 주된 창업동기는 기술력에 바탕을 둔 사업화/동업화였다. 둘째, 창업자의 경영의지를 보면 창업 이전 준비 및 계획에 철저했으며, 각종 지원제도를 적극적으로 활용했을 뿐만 아니라 비혜택 제도도 적극적 활용(예; 공고생 현장실습제도 활용정도, 기술지도 및 연수사업 활용정도 등)하였으며, 특히 창업자가 미래에 대한 확신과 긍정적 사고, 및 성공에 대한 의지가 높았다. 셋째, 기술력을 보면 자체연구소 보유비율이 월등히 높으면, 보유기술도 국내에서 가장 먼저 개발하는 단계였거나 독자적인 기술보유가 많았고, 기술력 유지를 위한 신기술 연구개발투자의 강화, 신제품개발 및 품질향상을 지속화, 및 이를 뒷받침하기 위한 전문기술인력의 확보에 주력하였다. 끝으로 마케팅 능력면에서도 개발된 신제품에 대해 자체상표를 부착하는 비율(84.6% 대 64.5%)이 높고 다양한 판매경로를 통해 제품을 판매하였으며, 기업 및 제품이미지 제고를 위한 고객에 대한 서비스도 강화하고 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.389-410
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• 1995

Large metropolitan areas in the US are distinguished by highly fragmented fiscally independent suburban municipalities and special districts. The suburban fragmentation implies the congregation of similar socio-economic groups escaped from central cities and the disparity of geographical resources among local government jurisdictions. This study examines St.Louis County suburbs as a case study for the implictions of suburban governmental fragmentation and the fiscal disparities across local governmental boundaries by analyzing their relationship with public service provision using police and public school services as examples. The distribution of fiscal resources across political boundaries, the processes which created them, and public service inequalities reproduced from the disparity of fiscal resources reveal the causes and consequences of suburban governmental fragmentation. The central part of suburban fragmentation is the segregation of public goods consumption reproduced from the disparity of local fiscal resources, and it acts as a basic geographical segregating force in the suburban spatial organization.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.163-178
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to find the effect of restaurant brand image upon service quality, price acceptability, and revisit intention, and to propose the importance of brand image to operators and managers who manage restaurants. To accomplish the purpose of this study, sampling was taken among customers who visit six deluxe hotels and six family restaurants in Seoul. Six hundreds questionnaires were distributed to each hotel and restaurant and 487 valid samples were selected for statistical analysis. The questionnaire consists of 77 items about demographical characteristics, brand image, service quality, revisit intention, price acceptability, and spending patterns. SPSS WIN 10.0 was used for statistical analysis. A research model was built up and three null hypotheses were established. Based on theses research model and three null hypotheses, the test was conducted, and the results are as follows. Brand image has an effect upon service quality, and furthermore this can be preceding variable of service quality. Also Service quality has an effect upon price acceptability and revisit intention.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.75-82
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• 2011

Along with economic development, the service industry is growing as days go by. Therefore, companies should maximize customer satisfaction through continuous changes by providing services which are suitable for customer needs. The general service industry has a decisive effect on the rate of growth and profitability of a superior business. Therefore, many companies try to provide the best customer service to increase profitability. Because service to a customer is delivered through interactions with the employee, the employee's attitude has a strong influence on the customer's satisfaction level. For these, most service industries are required to provide new types of labor. It is often referred to 'Emotional Labor', and that is different from physical and mental labor. Service providers always provide a service for the customers with a smile, even though they conceal their emotions. The Purpose of this study is to identify theologically the fact of that Sales Workers at Department Stores emotional labor, according to the economization of service, has become to decide the predominance of competition among companies and represents the quality of service ; to confirm that their emotion management is a crucial part of the work; to identify the correlation among job stress and job satisfaction which are experienced in the process of performing display rules required by organization. To practice them, this study deals with the theological consideration of the emotional labor, job stress and job satisfaction. This study proceeded to evaluate how the emotional labor of sales workers at department stores effected on their job stress and satisfaction. The result of this study will be summarized below. First of all, the frequency of emotional display and attentiveness required to display emotions both have a similar effect on the level of job stress. In the case of the emotional dissonance, there isn't a great amount of proof that it effects the job stress. That shows us that the aspect of the latter, they express the feelings on their daily lives less than the former by the public awareness and gaze. so, once they could accept the latter, the effect on the job stress would be vanished. Second, a study was performed to figure out the effect of emotional labor on job stress. As a result, none of them make negative effects on the job satisfaction but the attentiveness to required display rules even have positive effects on it. that means the emotional labor has an indirect effect on the job satisfaction through some intermediation stuff. Third, the role conflict of job stress factors has a negative effect on job satisfaction, Although role ambiguity has a negative effect on that as well, I couldn't find appropriate proof for that. As far as I figured out, job stress can only increase job dissatisfaction. In other hands, the sales workers would have tendencies to have more motivation to work hard rather than reveal their job stress and complain about work. Finally, emotional laborers always work close to job stress. This can maximize service for the customers, but it increases stress of the laborers providing services at the same time. Then, they can not provide high quality service. It is no doubt that we need to begin managing it systematically. In conclusion, the work satisfaction of the sales workers is connected to the service quality for the customers directly.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.347-356
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-assessment halitosis and to offer the basic information that establishes a strategy of effective health promotion and to enhance the quality of life. This study performed a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was filled out by the 362 adults, who lived in Incheon Metropolitan City from May to July, 2010. The data were analyzed using a Chi-square test in the SPSS version 12.0 program. The prevalence rate of self-assessment halitosis was 24.3%. Hypertension, diabetes, medication and inadequate oral hygiene practice were significantly associated with self-assessment halitosis. Other factors of self-assessment halitosis were older age and occupation. As a result, dental professionals have to investigate a systemic disease history thoroughly. And they have to educate regular checkup of oral health and to perform a continuous feedback. The self-assessment halitosis has a negative influence on mental health and social life, so dental professionals must take into consideration about the halitosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.309-317
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate convenience foods at convenience stores, by examining consumption patterns, as well as the degree of checking food-nutrition labeling. In this study, 208 workers in Busan in their 20s or 30s were surveyed using 1:1 interview questionnaires. The weekly usage frequencies of cup-ramyeon, gimbap, ramyeon, and sandwiches were 41.0%, 39.4%, 32.7%, and 19.0% respectively. The usage frequency of convenience foods was 12.0% for 'over 5 times/week', 23.0% for '3~4 times/week', 31.7% for '1~2 times/week', 29.8% for '1~2 times/month', and 3.4% for zero usage. Workers in their 20s showed a significantly (P<0.05) higher rate in the '3~4 times/week' as well as '1~2 times/week' intervals than workers in their 30s. Single people showed a significantly (P<0.01) higher rate than married people. Workers in their 20s showed a significantly higher score for the '3~4 times/week' as well as '1~2 times/week' intervals (P<0.05). The mean score of checking food labeling was 4.02/5.00 for the manufacturer's date, or expiration date, 3.23/5.00 for weight or volume, 2.99/5.00 for cooking method, and 2.85/5.00 for storage method. Females showed significantly (P<0.01) higher rates for checking the manufacturer's date or expiration date, as well as source of the raw material. Single workers showed significantly (P<0.01) higher rates for checking the manufacture's or expiration date as well as storage method. The mean score for checking nutrition labeling was 3.06/5.00 for calories, 2.84/5.00 for trans fat, 2.80/5.00 for sodium, and 2.76/5.00 for cholesterol. Females showed a significantly (P<0.01) higher rate for six of 10 items. Workers in their 20s showed a significantly (P<0.05) higher rate for four of 10 items. Expert officials showed significantly higher rate for six of 10 items (P<0.05) and two of 10 items (P<0.01), respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.1375-1384
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the current state of consumption of medicinal food and the intent to participate in medicinal food education by food-related lifestyle. A total of 264 samples were conveniently selected from students enrolled in culinary education at the Seoul Institute of Technology and Education from September 5, 2014 to September 20, 2014. The results were as follows. Factor analysis showed five factors in food-related lifestyle named as adventure-seeking factor, taste-seeking factor, health-seeking factor, convenience-seeking factor, and safety seeking factor. There were three factors in awareness of medicinal food named as health characteristic, negative perception, and intent to purchase. The cluster analysis showed five dimensions for food-related lifestyle named as convenience-seeking group, safety-seeking group, health & safety-seeking group, health-seeking group, and taste-seeking group. Among the demographic characteristics, there was a significant difference in age, cooking career, and households by food-related lifestyle group. Among intent to participate in education regarding medicinal food, there was a significant difference in medicinal food educational institution preferences by food-related lifestyle group. Among medicinal food awareness, there was a significant difference in negative perception by food-related lifestyle group.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.93-121
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• 1999

이 연구는 인천의 정체성을 알아보는 데 연구의 초점을 맞추었다. 연구방법으로는 실증적 방법과 민속학적 방법 두 가지를 병행하였다. 시민단체, 공무원, 학생을 대상으로 임의목적표본방법을 사용하여 총 613명이 분석되었다. 분석방법은 교차통계분석 및 다중분류분석을 하였다. 정체성은 한 지역에 거주하는 주민들의 집단결속력과 성취도를 결정하여 주며, 그 지역의 사회적 통합과도 밀접한 관련을 지니고 있어서, 지역의 문제나 관심사를 해결하고 발전시키는데 가장 핵심적인 요소이다. 인천의 정체의식은 세 집단 모두 낮으며, 전체응답자의 절반 이상은 그저 그렇다는 중용의 의견이었다. 인천에 대한 정체의식을 응답집단의 특성별로 보면 여자보다는 남자가 높고, 기혼자보다는 미혼자가 높으며, 30세 이상으로 연령이 많을수록, 수입과 생활수준이 낮을수록 정체의식이 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 그리고 전문.관리.사무직보다는 판매.서비스.생산.농업직 종사자들의 정체의식이 높았다. 전문대 정도의 교육을 받은 시민의 정체의식이 상대적으로 높고, 인천의 문화.복지.환경개선을 위한 특별기금 기부의사가 있는 시민과 인천을 마음붙이고 살 곳으로 생각하는 시민의 정체의식이 높다. 총괄적인 의미에서 본 인천의 정체성에 관한 조사를 보면, 인천은 "주인의식 없음"과 "이제부터 만들어 가야 한다"는 답변이 제일 많았고 그 다음은 "포용력", "선구적 개척정신", "긍정적인 의미의 짠물", "합중시(合衆市)적 다양성", "외세에 대한 호국정신", "세계의 관문도시"로 나타났다. 이와 같은 응답유형으로 보아서는 인천지역에 대한 이미지를 한마디로 딱 잘라 말하기는 어렵다. 그러나 인천은 서울.경기인, 충청인, 호남인, 영남인, 이북인, 외국인 등을 가리지 않고 받아드리는 "포용력이 있는 합중시적 다양성을 가진 도시"로 지역차가 서로 다른 출신성분이 공존할 수 있다는 점에서 의미하는 바가 크다. 이는 "세계속의 도시"와 "동북아의 거점도시"를 추구하는 미래지향적인 시각에서는 지역주의를 지양하고 지역통합이슈와 세계화 물결속에서 외국인에게도 열린 상태문화를 제공하는 관문이 될 것이라는 면에서 인천이 추구해야 할 정체성으로 시사하는 점이라고 본다.는 미래지향적인 시각에서는 지역주의를 지양하고 지역통합이슈와 세계화 물결속에서 외국인에게도 열린 상태문화를 제공하는 관문이 될 것이라는 면에서 인천이 추구해야 할 정체성으로 시사하는 점이라고 본다.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.53
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• pp.285-310
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• 2003

As National Pension Scheme for all nation complete in 1999 through expanding application in cities, the public pension including Public Occupational Pension became main axis of old-age income maintenance. After 4years since then, now, it is only half of total National Pension insured persons who have been qualified to receive pension through participate and contribution. The other half of National Pension insured is left the excluded from public pension. This paper is intended to identify scale and characteristics of the excluded from public pension and to analysis its cause, and to explore policy measures for solving the excluded's problem. for current recipients over 60 years old generation, the its excluded's scale is no less than 86% of the old over 60 years. The probability of getting in the excluded is high in case of old elderly and female for current elderly generation. For future recipients 18-59 years working generation, the its excluded's scale is no less than 61% of the 18-59 years total population. The probability of getting in the excluded is high in case of 18-29 years and female for current working generation. As logistic regression analysis determinant factor of paying or not pension contribution for future recipients, it appear that probability of getting in the excluded for current working generation is high in case of younger old, lower education attainment, irregular employee, working at agriculture forestry fishery sector, construction sector, wholesale retail trade restaurants hotels sector, financial institution and insurance real estate renting and leasing sector in comparison with manufacturing sector, occpaying at elementary occupation, professionals technicians and associate professionals, sale and service workers, plant machine operators and assemblers, legislators senior officials and managers in comparison with clerks. The Policy measures for the current recipient old generation have need to reinforce supplemental role of Senior's pension(non-contribution pension) until maturing of public pension, because of no having chance of public pension participants for them. And the Policy measures for the future recipient working generation have need to restructure social security fundamentally corresponding with social-economic change as labour market and family structure etc. The pension system has need to change from one earner one pension to one citizen one pension with citizenship rights. At this point, public pension have need to manage with combining insurance's contribution principle and citizenship principle financing by taxes. Then public pension will become substantially universal social network for old-age income maintenance and we can find real solution for the excluded from.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.35-66
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• 2001

This study first attempted to measure the job instability of Korean labor market by exploiting the data sets of 1998 and 1999 Korean Labor Panels. In order to compare the degrees of job instability of Korea with the one of U.S., we followed the same empirical methods used by Jaeger and Stevens(1999), Neumark et al.(1999), Bemhardt et al.(1999) recently published in the Journal of Labor Economics (vol. 17). Our empirical results suggest that the job retention rate of the Korean labor market during the IMF economic crisis was decreased to the level that the U.S. labor market has never experienced during the past two decades. One noticeable point regarding our estimated four year retention rate is that it takes a form of plateau peaked around 9 and 15 tenure year, which is in sharp contrast with the four year retention rate of u.S. showing a monotonically decreasing tendency over tenure periods. The comparison of 2-year retention rates before and after the economic crisis suggests that job stabilities has been conspicuously aggravated especially for cohorts of long tenure, irregular job, old age, service and sales jobs.