• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.138-143
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• 2013

Recently, ZnO nanoparticles have been studied in various application fields due to their physico-chemical properties. In this study, we have researched on the ZnO photocatalytic activity by redox reaction. ZnO nanoparticles have low photocatalytic activity in comparison with $TiO_2$ nanoparticles because it has the disadvantage that the formation of $Zn(OH)_2$ in water solvent. Therefore, we were synthesized ZnO nanoparticles by spray-pyrolysis method, and then studied on stability in water solvent. At the results, the water treated-ZnO nanoparticles showed higher photocatalytic activity than non-treated ZnO nanoparticles because molecular $H_2O$ was increased onto the ZnO surface under the water treatment. Also, we confirmed that the ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by spray-pyrolysis method is very stable in the water solvent.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.252-258
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• 2002

Transparent $TiO_2$ thin films prepared by sol-gel process using the modification of titanium(IV) alkoxide showed improved thermal stability and high refraction index. Compared to the pure $TiO_2$ film, the modified $TiO_2$ films show the increased index of refraction under proper condition at pH 2.5. Transparency of these $TiO_2$ thin films were more than 80% in the visible region. It has been demonstrated that the reaction occurs in the amorphous phase: an exchange of phase results in anatase before and after 400$^{\circ}C$, in rutile over 700$^{\circ}$C form the XRD results. The particle sizes, shapes and structures of these nanoclusters in the $TiO_2$ films have been identified through a SEM and XRD. The physical properties and structures of their powders have also been studied through a SEM, XRD, TGA and DSC. The thickness and index of refraction have been determined by the analysis of ellipsometric spectra.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.71-79
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• 2017

Purpose: Ni-Cr alloy does not contain Beryllium, causing the metal compound to form oxides in the furnace but by using Titanium as a chemical catalyst the forming of the oxides can be controlled, and by controlling the impurities formed on the metal surface, the possibility of the Ni-Cr alloy bond strength being increased can be analysed. Materials and Methods: Titanium was used as a chemical catalyst in the porcelain for the oxidation of beryllium-free metal (Ni-Cr) alloy. The T1 group, which does not use Titanium power as a chemical catalyst is a reference model for comparison. The T2 group and T3 group used 10 g and 20 g of Titanium power, respectively. They are fabricated to observe the shear bond strength and surface properties. There was no significance when One-way ANOVA analysis/Tukey Honestly Significant Difference Test was conducted for statistical analysis among groups (P > 0.05). Results: Results of measuring the three-point flexural bond strength of the Ni-Cr alloy and thickness of the oxide film. Experiment T3 using 20 g Titanium chemical catalyst: $39.22{\pm}3.41MPa$ and $6.66{\mu}m$, having the highest bond strength and thinness of oxide film. Experiment T2 using 10 g Titanium chemical catalyst: $34.65{\pm}1.39MPa$ and $13.22{\mu}m$. Experiment T1 using no Titanium chemical catalyst: $32.37{\pm}1.91MPa$ and $22.22{\mu}m$. Conclusion: The T2 and T3 experiments using Titanium chemical catalyst showed higher bond strength for the Ni-Cr alloy and lower thickness of oxide film than experiment T1, and the titanium catalyst being able to increase bond strength was observed.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 2006

Propylene epoxidation by $H_2O_2$ (30％ aqueous) as oxidant was studied in a semi-batch reactor using TS-1 catalyst: Effects of reaction temperature, time, pressure, solvent, catalyst and $H_2O_2$ concentration on $H_2O_2$ conversion (limiting reagent) and product distribution were investigated. Potential inhibition by propylene oxide on the epoxidation rate was also examined. Ti-MCM-22 with MWW zeolytic structure was found to exhibit better performance than TS-1 with MFI structure, provide that a proper choice of solvent(acetonitrile) is made.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.4925-4929
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• 2015

Dye-sensitized solar cell(DSSC) has aroused intense interest owing to its competitive price and stabilized properties than Si based solar cells. Recently, many studies have been reported on the DSSC, especially development of a transparent conductive oxide-less dye-sensitized solar cell(TCO-less DSSC). In this paper, a thick and porous Ti electrode for low cost DSSC developed its properties. To estimate the Ti electrode, the films are tested FESEM and J-V evaluation method. An increase in Ti thickness from 50 nm to 200 nm mainly affects the fill factor without noticeably changing the photocurrent density. It was confirmed that optimal DSSC efficiency was obtained at Ti 150 nm.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.299-307
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• 2019

Photocatalysis is an environment friendly technique for degrading organic dyes in water. Tungsten oxide is becoming an active area of research in photocatalysis nanomaterials for having a smaller bandgap than the previously favored titanium dioxide. Synthesis of hierarchical structures, doping platinum (Pt), coupling with nanocomposites or other semiconductors are investigated as valid methods of improving the photocatalytic degradation efficiency. These impact the reaction by creating a redshift in the wavelength of light used, effecting charge transfer, and the formation/recombination of electron-hole pairs. Each of the methods mentioned above are investigated in terms of synthesis and photocatalytic efficiency, with the simplest being modification on the morphology of tungsten oxide, since it does not need synthesis of other materials, and the most efficient in photocatalytic degradation being complex coupling of metal oxides and carbon composites. The photocatalysis technology can be incorporated with water purification membrane by modularization process and applied to advanced water treatment system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.191-191
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• 2013

금속 산화물 촉매 입자는 특정한 파장에 의해서 활성화되면서 전자-정공 쌍을 생성한다. 광촉매원리를 이용하면 전자 정공 제공을 통해 기존의 물질 주위에 활성 라디칼을 생성하고 물질의 특성을 변화시킬 수 있다. 이런 독특한 특성을 이용한 금속산화물의 다양한 연구가 물리, 화학, 재료, 생명 분야에서 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 광촉매 입자와 대기압 플라즈마와의 특성을 활용하여 발생되는 물리적 특성과 재료적인 특성을 이용한 응용 연구에 대한 내용을 다루고 있다. 특히 광촉매로 가장 많이 사용되는 $TiO_2$가 $200^{\circ}C$ 이하 저온 플라즈마 방전가스에 의해 상변화되는 현상을 다루고 이에 대한 구체적인 재료 분석을 실시 하였다. 즉, 저온의 알곤과 알곤/산소 대기압 플라즈마에 의해 처리된 $TiO_2$의 결정성 변화에 대해서 조사하였고 이를 이용하여 유사 작용제의 분해에 대한 연구를 하였다. 신경작용제(VX: nerve agent)의 유사작용제인 말라치온(Malathion)뿐만 아니라 셀룰로우즈(cellulose) 계의 복잡한 구조의 화학유기물 등을 대기압 플라즈마를 이용해 분해시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 대기압 플라즈마와 금속산화물의 결정성 변화에 대한 분석을 통해 기능성화된 촉매입자를 이용한 효과적인 화학물질의 분해를 소개하고, 대기압 플라즈마의 나노 소재기술로의 높은 응용가능성도 함께 살펴보았다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.665-668
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• 2008

Propylene epoxidation by $H_2O_2$ (30% aqueous) as oxidant was studied in a semi-batch reactor using Ti-MCM-22 catalyst: Effects of reaction temperature, pressure, catalyst loading, solvent, and $H_2O_2$ concentration on $H_2O_2$ conversion (limiting reagent) were investigated. Product inhibition by propylene oxide was confirmed. Ti-MCM-22 maintained virtually the same catalytic performance over the 5 repeated cycles.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.315-322
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• 2014

Purpose: The physical and optical characteristics of hydrophilic tinted contact lens containing titanium silicon oxide nanoparticles and the basic hydrogel contact lens material containing 4-iodoaniline were examined. In this study, the utility of titanium silicon oxide nanoparticles as a UV-blocking material for ophthalmologic devices were investigated by measuring the UV transmittance of the produced polymer. Also, titanium silicon oxide nanoparticles only without the addition of 4-iodoaniline in primary contact lens materials by copolymerizing two groups were compared. Methods: For manufacturing hydrogel lens, HEMA, MA, MMA, 4-iodoaniline and a cross-linker EGDMA were copolymerized in the presence of AIBN as an initiator. Also, the titanium silicon oxide nanoparticles was used as additive. After polymerization the physical properties such as water content, refractive index, contact angle and spectral transmittance of produced contact lenses were measured. Results: Measurement of the physical properties of the copolymerized material showed that the water content, refractive index, UV-B transmittance and contact angle were in the range of 35.01~38.60%, 1.4350~1.4418, $34.15{\sim}57.25^{\circ}$ and 1.0~10.0%, respectively. Titanium silicon oxide nanoparticles is not used as an additive in the experimental group, the results of the measurement showed that the water content, refractive index, contan angle and UV-B transmittance of the hydrogel lens polymer was 34.00~36.80%, 1.4378~1.4420, $40.15{\sim}60.16^{\circ}$ and 1.8~25.0%, respectively. Conclusions: Also, the transmittance for UV light was reduced significantly in combinations containing titanium oxide nanoparticles.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.599-605
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• 2012

The physicochemical properties such as surface hardness, solvent mechanical wear resistance, and resistance to scratch properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) thin film prepared by vapor phase polymerization (VPP) was effectively improved by post-treatment of various metal alkoxide sol solutions. Metal oxide layer derived from sol-gel process of metal alkoxide was generated on the PEDOT thin film layer by VPP, resulting in improving mechanical properties of the conductive thin films without any deterioration of their original surface resistance. Several kinds of silicone and titanium alkoxide derivatives with various functional groups were used as metal alkoxide sol sources. Among them, PEDOT-metal oxide composite thin film derived tetraethyl orthosilicate showed the best performance in the terms of surface resistance, transmittance, and various physicochemical properties. The effect of metal alkoxide content in washing solution, oxidant content and drying temperature have been investigated in order to optimize the various properties of PEDOT-metal oxide composite thin film.