• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.3-22
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• 2000

이용자의 경로선택 형태를 모사하는 통행배정모형 결과의 정확도는 교통계획에 상당한 영향을 미친다. 이용자의 경로선택 결정과정에서 가장 중요한 판단기준은 통행시간과 통행요금이다. 그런데 통행요금은 이용자의 경로거리에 따라 다양한 방식으로 부과되므로, 링크를 분석단위로 하는 기존의 통행배정모형은 현실적인 통행요금 반영이 힘들었고 또한 수요예측 결과를 이용한 다양한 분석에서 제약을 받아 왔다. 본 연구는 이러한 배경에서 경로교통량을 도출할 수 있는 경로기반 통행배정모형을 구축하였고, 또한 경로거리에 따라 결정되는 현실적인 통행요금을 반영할 수 있는 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 경로기반 배정모형에서는 GP(Gradient Projection) 알고리즘을 이용하였고, 계산상의 효율성 제고를 위해 K-최단경로 알고리즘 중 MPS(Minimal Path Search) 알고리즘을 이용하였다. 개발된 배정 모형은 현실적인 통행요금을 반영할 수 있으므로 통행배정 결과의 정밀도를 향상시켰을 뿐만 아니라 기존 배정모형에 비해 최적해로의 수렴속도도 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문의 배정모형은 경로교통량이 도출되고 통행요금을 반영할 수 있으므로, 통행요금과 통행 거리 관계에 따른 목적함수의 규명과 그에 따른 효과척도를 계량화할 수 있다. 따라서 본 모형은 통행배정에서 실재상황을 보다 현실여건에 맞도록 규명할 수 있고, 기존의 제한적인 효과분석의 문제점을 해결할 수 있으므로 그 활용범위가 넓다. 또한 본 논문은 개발된 배정모형의 적용사례로서 고속도로 수요관리 요금체계 개선방안을 제시하였다. 기존의 고속도로 통행요금 산정 방법은 이론적 근거가 미약했던 반면, 본 논문에서 개발된 배정모형과 고속도로 수요관리 요금체계 개선방안은 고속도로 통행료 결정에 대한 과학적이고 합리적인 분석방법을 제공하였다.한 민감도 분석을 실시한 결과 대안1의 경우 교통량의 변화 및 화물통행의 시간가치의 증가시 사회적 편익이 오히려 감소하였고, 대안2와 3의 경우 사회적 편익이 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이는 경부고속도로의 화물차량의 구성비에 따라 대안 1의 경우 오히려 화물차의 통행시간이 증가함에 그 원인이 있다 할 것이다. 이상과 같은 결론을 통하여 경부고속도로상의 화물전용차선의 설치시는 수답렬 교통량의 구성비와 구간 평균교통량에 의하여 그 효과가 다르게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 물류비용 절감차원에서의 화물전용차선의 설치는 본 연구에서 나타낸 방법과 같이 수단간의 경제적 편익을 고려한 구간별 시간대별 효과분석을 통하여 정책의 시행여부가 결정되어야 할 것이다. 한편, 화물전용차선의 설치로 인한 물류비용의 절감을 보다 효과적으로 달성하기 위해서는 종합류류 전산망의 시급한 구축과 함께 화물차의 적재율을 높이고 공차율을 낮출 수 있는 운송체계의 수립이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 그라나 이러한 화물전용차선의 효과는 단기적인 치유책일 수밖에 없기 때문에 물류유통 시설의 확충을 위한 사회간접자본의 구축을 서둘러 시행하여야 할 것이다.으로 처리한 Machine oil, Phenthoate EC 및 Trichlorfon WP는 비교적 약효가 낮았다.>$^{\circ}$E/$\leq$30$^{\circ}$NW 단열군이 연구지역 내에서 지하수 유동성이 가장 높은 단열군으로 추정된다. 이러한 사실은 3개 시추공을 대상으로 실시한 시추공 내 물리검층과 정압주입시험에서도 확인된다.. It was resulted from increase of weight of single cocoon. "Manta"2.5ppm produced 22.2kg of co

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.2 s.88
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• pp.19-30
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• 2006

This study deals with the optimized detector location considering the traffic characteristics in National Highway. Although there ave many construction works for ITS in National Highway, there is not specific criteria for detector location which can effect the accuracy of traffic information. This study. therefore. aims to Provide the optimized detector location criteria which can represent the traffic characteristics of National Highway. It collects traffic factors of study area by GPS Probe-car and defector, and Presents the optimized detector location by the correlation analysis between spot-speed and link-travel-time. The main results of this study are as followings ; First, the correlation between the spot-speed and link-travel-time Presents the opposite bell shape of the graph (U-type owe) which is increased it?on the upstream then, declined through some unspecified Point of the link. Second, the optimized detector location usually distributes around midstream of link, even though it does not have a consistency. Third, therefore, the optimized detector location generally should be located between $55{\sim}60%$ of total link length. Forth. high level of vertical slope is one of the most important factors of detector location, so it should be excluded for determination of optimized detector location. Finally, expecting that the results of this study would improve the accuracy of travel time estimation and forecasting.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.9-15
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• 2023

In this paper, we propose a method predicting the speed of each lane from the link speed using a neural network. We took three measures for configuring learning data to increase prediction accuracy. The first one is to expand the spatial range of the data source by including 14 links connected to the beginning and end points of the link. We also increased the time interval from 07:00 to 22:00 and included the data generation time in the feature data. Finally, we marked weekdays and holidays. Results of experiments showed that the speed error was reduced by 21.9% from 6.4 km/h to 5.0 km/h for straight lane, by 12.9% from 8.5 km/h to 7.4 km/h for right turns, and by 5.7% from 8.7 km/h to 8.2 km/h for left-turns. As a secondary result, we confirmed that the prediction accuracy of each lane was high for city roads when the traffic flow was congested. The feature of the proposed method is that it predicts traffic conditions for each lane improving the accuracy of prediction.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.6 no.7
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• pp.297-306
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• 2017

Citizens want more accurate forecast information using Bus Information System. However, most bus information systems that use an average based short-term prediction algorithm include many errors because they do not consider the effects of the traffic flow, signal period, and halting time. In this paper, we try to improve the precision of forecast information by analyzing the influencing factors of the error, thereby making the convenience of the citizens. We analyzed the influence factors of the error using BIS data. It is shown in the analyzed data that the effects of the time characteristics and geographical conditions are mixed, and that effects on halting time and passes speed is different. Therefore, the halt time is constructed using Generalized Additive Model with explanatory variable such as hour, GPS coordinate and number of routes, and we used Hidden Markov Model to construct a pattern considering the influence of traffic flow on the unit section. As a result of the pattern construction, accurate real-time forecasting and long-term prediction of route travel time were possible. Finally, it is shown that this model is suitable for travel time prediction through statistical test between observed data and predicted data. As a result of this paper, we can provide more precise forecast information to the citizens, and we think that long-term forecasting can play an important role in decision making such as route scheduling.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1103-1111
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• 2015

This paper presents a new prediction method based on relative error incorporated with a penalized regression. The proposed method consists of fully data-driven procedures that is fast, simple, and easy to implement. An example of real data analysis and some simulation results were given to prove that the proposed approach works in practice.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.349-360
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of the road network according to the penetration rate of autonomous vehicles (AV) of Level 4 or higher and the change in traffic volume. First, prior studies related to vehicle control variables of AV were reviewed, and future traffic demand in 2040, which is predicted to have a 50 % market share of AVs, was reflected in the simulation analysis. In addition, the change in traffic flow of continuous and intermittent flows was analyzed by increasing the AV market penetration rate and traffic volume of passenger cars, trucks, and buses by 25 % step by step from 0 to 100 %. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the travel time increased as the traffic increased, and the pattern of decreasing the travel time due to the increase in the share of AVs, that is, the development of technology, can also be confirmed. Furthermore, it was also confirmed that the traffic speed showed a trend of increasing as the share of AVs increased. In this study, it was confirmed that the law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution (MRS) was satisfied by calculating the MRS according to the combination of traffic volume and speed while increasing the market penetration rate of AVs. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the convexity of the indifference curve was also satisfied in both intermittent and continuous traffic flow environments.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.7-17
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• 1999

The expressway network includes a total of about 1,899 km in our country The only 1,016 km of that is being managed by the closed Toll Collection System(TCS) which is composed of 74 tollgates. We obtain inter-tollgate O-D matrices from that system everyday. But, they are not traffic-zonal O-D matrices. So they have not been used for the expressway traffic analysis and the traffic demand estimation despite of their accuracy. If we could estimate the traffic-zonal O-D matrices from TCS O-D ones, we could perform expressway traffic analysis more efficiently. Moreover we could obtain more precise expressway O-D matrices and traffic-zonal O/D ones by this approach than by the conventional ones. In this paper. we proposed the model estimating traffic-zonal O/D matrices from TCS O-D ones. The assigned volumes with the estimated traffic-zonal O-D matrices produced the only 17.9% error all over the TCS expressway section when compared to the real traffic volumes. So, the proposed model enables for us to estimate more accurate O/D matrics than any other existing methods.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.145-152
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• 2002

Real-time queueing information and/or predictive queue built-up information can be a good criterion in selecting travel options, such as routes, both for users, and for operators in operating transportation system. Provided properly, it will be a key information for reducing traffic congestion. Also, it helps drivers be able to select optimal roues and operators be able to manage the system effectively as a whole. To produce the predictive queue information, this paper proposes a predictive model for estimating and predicting queue lengths, mainly based on Kalman Filter. It has a structure of having state space model for predicting queue length which is set as observational variable. It has been applied for the Namsan first tunnel and the application results indicate that the model is quite reasonable in its efficacy and can be applicable for various ATIS system architecture. Some limitations and future research agenda have also been discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.100-109
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• 1995

철도는 대량수송 및 정시제 운행이라는 중요한 역할을 하면서도 다른 한편으로는 철도연변에 거주하고 있는 사람들에게 상당한 소음공해를 미쳐 정온한 생활환경을 누릴 권리를 침해하고 있음에도 불구하고 철도소음을 관리하는 기준이나 대책등이 아직 미미한 실정이다. 향후 5년 내에는 고속철도의 등장도 확실하지만 기존 재래식 철도에 대한 소음 실태 자료마저 충분치 않아 철도연변의 소음진동 문제를 해결하기 위한 기본적 수단인 소음 기준 제시를 위해서는 폭넓은 기초 자료확보와 새로운 관련연구가 요청되었다. 이러한 필요성에 따라 전기기관차를 중심으로 영동선, 중앙선, 태백선, 경인선, 경원선 및 대도시 도심지를 관통하는 호남선 및 경부선 중에서 측정환경이 양호한 22개 지역을 선정하여 기존 철도의 구간별 30분, 1시간, 2시간, 3시간 등가소음도를 측정하였고 선로의 조건, 열차의 종류 및 속도, 거리권별 등에 따른 개별열차 통행시의 소음특성을 조사하여 철도소음의 기준 설정과 방지대책 강구시에 활용할 수 있도록 하며, 열차 통행속도로부터 최고소음도를 추정하여 주변지역의 등가소음도를 산정할 수 잇는 예측식을 도출하여 측정방법 개정에 활용하고, 그리고 선로변에 위치한 공동주택을 대상으로 층별 철도소음 노출도와 열차통과시의 공동주택 실내.외의 소음도를 비교조사하여 벽체 차음 효과를 조사하였고 철도소음에 대한 주민반응 조사를 하였다.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.56-64
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• 2016

Damage of sea-crossing bridge by ship collision is related to estimate frequencies of overloading due to impact, and bridge accordingly must be designed to satisfy related acceptance criteria. Another important aspect is the management on increment of collision risk during the service period. In this study, related plan, main span length, air draft clearance and collision risk are analyzed for the interim assessment of Incheon Bridge focusing on the ship collision problem. In particular, for the increment of collision risk, the optimized navigation speed is proposed by reviewing the research findings and navigation guidelines etc. as a temporary expedient. Also basic procedure for reasonable prediction of target vessel and passage is established and probabilistic prediction method to embrace the uncertainty of the prediction is proposed as a fundamental solution. It is necessary to conduct further research on collision risk management and promptly carry out interim assessments of other marine bridges.