KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research (대한토목학회논문집)

Korean Society of Civil Engeneers (대한토목학회)
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Performance of the Road Network with Market Penetration Rates and Traffic Volumes of Autonomous Vehicle using Traffic Simulation

시뮬레이션 기반 자율주행자동차 혼입률과 교통량 변화에 따른 도로 네트워크의 성능 분석

  • 도명식 (국립한밭대학교 도시공학과) ;
  • 정유미 (국립한밭대학교 도시공학과)
  • Received : 2023.10.30
  • Accepted : 2024.01.09
  • Published : 2024.06.01
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of the road network according to the penetration rate of autonomous vehicles (AV) of Level 4 or higher and the change in traffic volume. First, prior studies related to vehicle control variables of AV were reviewed, and future traffic demand in 2040, which is predicted to have a 50 % market share of AVs, was reflected in the simulation analysis. In addition, the change in traffic flow of continuous and intermittent flows was analyzed by increasing the AV market penetration rate and traffic volume of passenger cars, trucks, and buses by 25 % step by step from 0 to 100 %. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the travel time increased as the traffic increased, and the pattern of decreasing the travel time due to the increase in the share of AVs, that is, the development of technology, can also be confirmed. Furthermore, it was also confirmed that the traffic speed showed a trend of increasing as the share of AVs increased. In this study, it was confirmed that the law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution (MRS) was satisfied by calculating the MRS according to the combination of traffic volume and speed while increasing the market penetration rate of AVs. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the convexity of the indifference curve was also satisfied in both intermittent and continuous traffic flow environments.

본 연구에서는 레벨4 이상의 완전자율주행자동차(autonomous vehicle)의 혼입률과 교통량의 변화에 따른 도로 네트워크의 성능 분석을 목적으로 하였다. 먼저, 자율주행자동차의 차량제어변수 관련 선행연구 검토와 전문가 설문 조사를 통해 자율주행 시장점유율 50 %로 예측되는 시점인 2040년의 장래 교통 수요를 예측해 이를 시뮬레이션 분석에 반영하였다. 또한, 승용차, 화물차, 버스의 자율주행 혼입률 및 교통량을 0~100 %까지 단계별 25 %씩 증가시켜가면서 연속류와 단속류의 교통흐름의 변화를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 교통량이 많아짐에 따라 통행시간이 증가함을 확인하였으며, 자율주행자동차 점유율이 증가 즉, 기술의 발전에 따른 통행시간 감소 패턴도 확인할 수 있다. 나아가, 자율주행자동차 점유율이 증가함에 따라 통행속도는 증가하는 추세를 보임도 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 자율주행자동차 혼입률을 증가시키면서 교통량과 속도의 조합에 따른 한계대체율 산정을 통해 한계대체율 체감(law of diminishing MRS)의 법칙이 성립함을 확인하였다. 나아가 무차별 곡선의 볼록성도 단속류와 연속류 환경에서 모두 성립함을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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