• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.283-286
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• 2002

유류로 오염된 부지에 토양세정기법을 적용하기 위한 전 단계로, 실험실 규모의 컬럼실험을 통하여 pilot 규모 현장 적용을 위한 설계인자 및 최적 운전조건을 규명하고자 적정 세척제 종류와 농도, 배합비 및 세정용액 주입유량을 고찰하였다. 회분식실험 결과 POE$_{14}$와 SDS(1:1)를 1%로 적용한 흔합계면활성제의 효율이 가장 우수하였으나, 예비실험 결과 음이온계 계면활성제인 SDS는 미생물에 독성을 끼치는 경향이 있는 것으로 나타나 같은 농도에서 효율이 거의 유사한 POE$_{5}$와 POE$_{14}$ 혼합계면활성제를 이용하여 실험하였다. 선정된 혼합계면활성제를 적용하여 디젤 오염토양 세척능력을 검토한 결과 세척제 농도 1%까지는 효율이 증가하다가 1% 이상의 농도에서는 다시 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 계면활성제 배합비는 1:1로 혼합하였을 경우 세척효율이 가장 우수하였다. 따라서 POE$_{5}$와 POE$_{14}$ (1:1) 1% 혼합계면활성제를 세척제로 선정하였다. 컬럼실험 결과, 주입 flux가 클수록 세정 제거된 총 유류의 양이 증가하였으며, 같은 pore volume의 세정용액 통과 시에는 flux가 작을수록 제거효율이 좋았다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.197-200
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• 1974

PCP adsorption experiment was carried out with six soils various in clay mineral and organic matter content and soil pH. The results were as follows; 1. The major factor governing the PCP adsorption is pH 2. The adsorption was increased with organic matter content at a certain pH 3. The adsorption was less related to crystalline clay mineral species.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.342-345
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• 2003

비소로 오염된 폐광산주변 하천 퇴적토 오염 복원을 위한 토양세척법의 복원효율을 규명하였다. 세척액에 대한 비소제거 효율을 규명하기 위해 오염된 3종류의 하천 퇴적토에 대하여 초산, 구연산, 염산 각 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1N 수용액과 증류수(pH 5.41)에 대한 세척실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과 세척 효율은 염산과 구연산 용액의 경우 0.05N 이상에서 저농도의 구연산을 제외하고 99.9% 이상의 제거효과를 나타내었다. 초산의 경우 1N의 경우에도 36%와 71%의 낮은 세척 효율을 보였으며, 증류수로 세척한 경우에는 20% 내외의 세척 효율을 나타내었다. 이러한 세척 효율은 본 오염지역의 복원목표를 토양오염 우려기준의 40% 농도(2.4mg/kg)로 설정하여 하천퇴적토를 복원할 수 있음을 나타내고 있으며, 결론적으로 오염 퇴적토의 농도 분포에 따라 적절한 세척액을 선택한다면 세척 효과를 훨씬 증대시킬 수 있으리라 사료된다. 본 연구를 통한 세척효율 결과는 연구지역을 포함한 전국 각지의 폐광산 복원공정 설계에 중요한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to compare heavy metal concentrations in uncontaminated soil with those in soil influenced by industrial activities, and to investigate the relationship between change of heavy metal content and the kind of industry at the Iksan 1st Industrial Complex that has started since 1975. Soils sampled in 0-3㎝ and 3-6㎝ soil depth, respectively were analized for content of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. Change of heavy metal content in soil of the industrial complex were more accumulated 16 to 25% of Cd and Cu, 93% of Pb and Zn, respectively in samples compared with natural soil uncontaminated. But there was no different in Ni content between two soil. Distribution of Cd in soil layer of 0 to 3cm was the highest concentration of 5 ppm more at the textile industries, and then higher at the chemicals and the food processing industries. In 3 to 6㎝ soil layer Cd content was the highest concentration of 5 ppm more at the metal processing industries, and then higher at the textile industries. Cd accumulation in soil was different according to a kind of industry and soil depth. Cu content was the highest value of 400 ppm more in soil layer of 0 to 3cm at the manufacturing electric wires industry area and showed the accumulation phenomenon in soil layer 3 to 6cm at the ohmmeter, machines and electric wires industry area. Ni content was 35 ppm more in soil of the metal plating and processing industries regardless of soil sampling layer. Then it was 25 ppm more in soil of the building stones and semiconductor industries. Pb content was from 400 to 1000 ppm in soil of the chemicals and textiles industries regardless of soil sampling layer. Zn content was 1200 ppm more in soil of the chemicals and silk fabrics industries regardless of soil depth, and then lower in order to soil of leather processing${\le}$metal plating industries. In conclusion, changes of heavy metal kinds and content in soil of this industrial complex area were caused by the type or kinds of industrial activities. Changes of Pb and Zn content in soil were dominated at this area.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.303-308
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• 1994

We have obtained following results by executing this experiment to define effects of organic substances applied and temperature on fungistatic effect which is regarded as basic factor of inhibition against hot-pepper blight affection : 1. Fungistatic effect of soil on Phytophthora capsici is enlarged by application of organic material such as rice straw rather than matured composts. Morever, it is confirmed that fungistatic efect is more eminent at the temperature of $15^{\circ}C$ and $5^{\circ}C$ than at $30^{\circ}C$, Degree of fungistatic effect of soil tends to decrease as the goe on from the moment of using organic substance generally, in soil applied as the goes on from the moment of using organic substance generally, in soil applied rice straw it is prove that fungistatic effect is maintained stably in a long term. 2. Effect of applicating organic substances and treating by temperature on production of zoosporangium of Phytophthra capsici is reviewed. In case that sterilized soil solution is added on cultured hypae of Phytophthra capsici, increase in the production of zoosporangium is found which is statistically significant(at degree of 1%), while decrease effect statistically significant is found in case of adding soil solution used for applying bark compost. However, defferences between treatments of temperature is not found. On the other hand, when nonsterilized soil solution is added, significant defference between types of organic substance is not found, while significant difference is found between treatments of temperature, therefore formation of zoosporangium is increased at the condition of $5^{\circ}C$ comparing to that of $30^{\circ}C$. 3. Putting above result of examination concerning to composition of soil microrganisms in each treated soil and to fungistatic effect of them, it seems that fungi and bacteria in soil is mostly related to fungistatic activity of soil.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.267-272
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• 2008

Mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy, particularly Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), has emerged as an important analytical tool in quantification as well as identification of multi-atomic inorganic ions such as nitrate. In the present study, the possibility of quantifying soil nitrate via diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) without change of a sample phase or with least treated samples was examined. Four types of soils were spectrally characterized in terms of unique bands of soil contents and interferences with nitrate bands in the range of $2000-1000cm^{-1}$. In order to reduce the effects of soil composition on calibration model for nitrate, spectra transformed to the 1st order derivatives were used in the partial least squared regression (PLSR) model and the classification procedure associated with input soil types was involved in calibration system. PLSR calibration models for each soil type provided better performance results ($R^2$>0.95, RPD>6.0) than the model considering just one type of soil as a standard.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 1998

Carbofuran was incubated for four weeks in five types of paddy soil samples at $25^{\circ}C$. The soil samples prepared in the study were as follows : control soil, sterilized soil, 10% cellulose added soil, 10% cellulose and 1% ferrous sulfate added soil, and 10% cellulose and 1% magnesium sulfate added soil. The degradation rate of carbofuran was significantly decreased(p<0.05) in sterilized soil.The degradation rate of carbofuran was significantly decreased by addition of cellulose(p<0.05) in femous sulfate added soil and magnesium sulfate added soil(p<0.01).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.104-107
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• 2003

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2009

Infiltration is the process of water penetrating from the ground surface into soil. Infiltration plays an important role on affecting ground water surface and surface flow during rainy season. The amount of infiltration water would be decreased as the urbanization would increase. Such phenomenons would make streamflow decrease or stream run dry. In this study the cumulative infiltration and the infiltration capacity of ground surface have been determined by the field experiment at three sites in the Hankyong National University, Korea. Three type pervious pedestrian blocks of the cumulative infiltration and the infiltration capacity have also been determined at the same site of the ground surface. It has been shown that one of three type blocks in terms of infiltration capacity is almost same as that of ground surface. The Kostiakov type has been adopted to determine the cumulative infiltration and the infiltration capacity for each site. The Horton type has been also adopted to determine the cumulative infiltration and the infiltration capacity. The value of parameter k for each site is determined and soil type would be identified corresponding to the value of parameter.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.343-343
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• 2023

식생피복(Vegetation cover)은 대기 중의 강우와 토양 사이에서 침식으로부터 표토를 보호하는 역할을 한다. 자유 낙하하는 강우의 물방울은 식생을 통과하면서 차단(interception), 수관통과(throughfall), 수간유하(stemflow)의 형태로 변화한다. 식생은 강우입자의 운동에너지와 수량을 감소시키고, 지표면에 도달하는 시간을 지연시킴에 따라 지표유출(overland flow) 저감에 기여한다. 유출수의 흐름과정에서 식물의 줄기, 낙엽, 뿌리 등은 유속을 감소시키는 장애물로 작용하여 궁극적으로 토양침식은 감소한다. 토양침식은 식생피복이 증가함에 따라 일반적으로 감소하며, 지수함수의 관계를 갖는다. 식생의 종류와 구조 그리고 잎의 모양 등에 따라 수문물리적인 반응이 달라진다. 캐노피를 갖는 지상식물(canopy cover plant)은 물방울의 운동에너지를 갖는 반면, 지피식물(ground cover plant)은 낙하고가 작기 때문에 운동에너지는 적으며, 특히 낙엽층은 지표면을 보호하여 토양침식의 저감효과가 더욱 크다. 산불지역의 식생피복에 따른 토양침식 측정 자료에 따르면, 강우운동에너지는 식생피복이 증가함에 따라 지상피복(canopy cover)에 의한 감소보다는 지면피복(ground cover)과 낙엽피복(litter cover)에 의한 감소효과가 상대적으로 컸다. 식생피복에 의해 차단되는 강우의 손실량보다 침투량 증가에 의한 손실량이 상대적으로 많았다. 낙엽피복에 대한 강우모의 실험 결과에 따르면, 낙엽의 피복율이 증가함에 따라 지수적으로 토양침식량은 감소하였다. 낙엽 피복율의 40% 이상은 토양침식량을 현격이 감소시킨 반면, 피복율의 70% 이상은 지표유출량을 현저히 감소시켰다. 낙엽 피복율이 70%이상이면, 유출계수가 33%가 감소하였으나, 토양침식민감도는 94%로 크게 감소하였다.