• Korean Security Journal
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• no.22
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• pp.65-90
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• 2010

Recently, alarmed by the frequent international terrorism or safety accidents, the host countries of world sports events are focusing on security activities for the sake of the participants, facilities, events and competitions. They are alarmed because in case any happenings like international terrorism or safety accident, the contest itself can be criticized to be a failure as much as the international reliability of the host nation may well crash. We can see that any failure in coping with terrorism or safety matters can lead to a nation-wise crisis in the case of Indonesia where the October 12th of 2002 terrorist bomb attack in Bali damaged the image of the nation followed by the similar case in Philippine (Oct. 20th, 2002) where the same terrorist attack dramatically scared away the tourists to the nation. Korea is scheduled to hold the World Championship in Athletics in Daegu Metropolitan City in 2011. Also, it is slated to host various world sports events such as Yeosu International Exposition and Incheon Asian Games. In these contexts, this study analyzes counter-terrorism cases related with the recent international sports events that have been organized in a variety of manners in the era of globalization. This study aims to show alternatives for the safety management in these events. In other words, it is focusing on giving directions to the safety policies of the nation -which may become the future hub of north-east Asia and the world - for more perfect guard and defense, and counter-terrorism activities in all the conferences, sports events and international festivals where any private defense and guard companies are allowed to cooperate with the police force or public security agencies.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.20
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• pp.95-117
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• 2009

Ever since the 9/11 terror attack, all the world has perceived the need and taken actions to make an anti-terror law, however The Republic of Korea has not yet come up with any relevant output. Currently, the Korean government apportions duties to each related government agency and sets up systems for cooperation among them to make preparations against and cope with terror threats, according to The National Guidelines on Anti-Terror Activities (the presidential directive number 47 given on January 21, 1982). However, the directive has many limits and shortcomings in coping with national emergencies. In this situation, this research aims to compare the national anti-terror laws of others countries with Korea's, in order to understand the problems in Korea, i.e., that The National Guidelines on Anti-Terror Activities, which are the only anti-terror regulations in Korea do not clearly describe the concept and range of a terror, that national anti-terror meetings and the anti-terror standing committee have problems with their operation, that the Terrorism Information Integration Center has also its own problems, and that Korea lacks in preparatory actions against terror crimes and there are still problems about investigations into terror incidents. In order to solve these problems for the future, the present author suggests that the purpose of the law on The National Guidelines on Anti-Terror Activities shall be re-established so as to meet the current anti-terror conditions of Korea, the concept of a terror and anti-terror activities shall be clarified, anti-terror organizations shall be unified, the chair of the anti-terror standing committee shall be appointed legally and automatically according to the relevant rule and be given more rights so as to have free access to private information for anti-terror activities and terror-related information, and systems shall be supplemented for reporting terror-involved persons and funds.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.23
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• pp.1-19
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• 2010

As the world becomes more global, entry simplification measure increases many foreigners' entry and international marriage around the low income countries of southeast Asia. Those are adding multicultural phenomena to Korean society, which has a bad influence on public order environment and leads to side effect in society. Since the 9/11 terror attacks, a sudden increase in the threat of terror has been worldwide. Besides, the threat tends toward New Terrorism and contributes to factor to social malaise in Korea. Therefore, this study examines all the possibilities of hometown terrorism by multiculturalism and suggests measures for it. To achieve this, it is required to lead the people's understanding and national participation for multiculturalism. The mature civic awareness should be given priority over any others, which means the understanding and consideration of various countries' cultures and traditions. It is also necessary to inspect the dangers of hometown terrorism. Furthermore, there should be an urgent need for an institutional device to prevent and suppress terror through a close examination of countermeasures system of terror.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.34
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• pp.89-113
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• 2013

Travel by airplane using airport in globalized modern society is familiar to our life but such airport can be a target of terrorists who would threaten our safety. However, aviation terrorism which is represented by 9.11 terror gives horror beyond our imagination to modern people. Since the first airplane hijacking in Peru in 1931 happened, security organization in each nation has taken various prevention measures to block aviation terrorism. The most realistic measures to prevent aviation terrorism would be security check activity to control approach of terrorist that passengers on airplane and cargos are checked to find out dangerous article like explosive etc. But security check activity in Korea shifted to security check activity focused on private security for efficiency of airport operation differently from security check activity in advanced countries where public interests is strengthened according to risk of terror after 9.11 system. That is, since Incheon airport opened in March 2001, security check system focused on the police was changed. Now Incheon international airport Corporation instructs and supervises security check job and private security personnel are in charge of actual security check activity. But this check system has limitation in blocking terror activity by terrorists which is systematized and intelligent as time passes due to deteriorated job satisfaction of private security personnel and confusing supervising system. Accordingly, it is suggested to introduce risk management skill which is one of management strategy of private corporation for security check activity to prevent terror activity. With this skill, risk factors of aviation terror are identified and analyzed regularly, and each process such as setting of priority, activity to reduce risk, and assessment of security is carried out. And it would be necessary to do efforts, for example, to properly change level of security check according to threat of terror such as to place policeman at airport security in case threat of terror is severe. On the other hand, it is necessary to establish national police organization for good communication of security check activity in field and supervising function, which can encourage systematization and specialization of aviation security job.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.9
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• pp.99-131
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• 2005

Terrorism which became today's common phenomena over the world is one of the most serious threats the world confront. Although International society make and operate outstanding anti-terrorism system, terror would never end without solving fundamental problems. The main body of terrorism converts from nation to organization and from organization to cell, which makes it difficult for us to recognize the main body. Since the target of today's new terrorism is many and unspecified persons, terrorists will never hesitate to use mass destruction weapons such as nuclear, biological, chemical weapons, and also use cyber-technique or cyber-terrorism. So, effective counter-terrorism measures should be performed as follows. First, it must be better for international society should make long-time plan of solving fundamental problems of terrorism other than to operate directly on terror organization and its means. Second, preventive method should be made. The most effective method of eradicating terrorism is prevention. For this, it is necessary to remove environmental elements of terrorism and terrorist bases, and to stop inflow of money and mass destruction weapons to terrorists. Third, integrated anti-terror organization should be organized and operated for continuous counter-terrorism operations. Also international alliance for anti-terrorism should be maintained to share informations and measures. Fourth, concerned department in the government should prepare counter-terrorism plans in their own parts as follows and make efforts to integrate the plans. - Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs : conventional terror - Ministry of Health and Welfare : bio-terror - Ministry of Science and Technology : nuclear-terror Especially, they should convert their policy and operation from post-terror actions to pre-terror actions, designate terror as national disaster and organize integrated emergency response organization including civil, government, and military elements. In conclusion, pre-terror activities and remedy of fundamental causes is the best way to prevent terror. Also, strengthening of intelligence activities, international cooperations, and preventive and comprehensive counter-measures must not ignored.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.395-410
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the current state of drone terrorism response at such critical national facilities and derive improvements, especially to identify problems in laws and systems to effectively utilize the anti-drone system and present directions for improvement. Method: A qualitative research method was used for this study by analyzing a variety of issues not discussed in existing research papers and policy documents through in-depth interviews with subject matter experts. In-depth interviews were conducted based on 12 semi-structured interviews by selecting 16 experts in the field of anti-drone and terrorism in Korea. The interview contents were recorded with the prior consent of the study participants, transcribed back to the Korean file, and problems and improvement measures were derived through coding. For this, the threats and types were analyzed based on the cases of drone terrorism occurring abroad and measures to establish anti-drone system were researched from the perspective of laws and systems by evaluating the possibility of drone terrorism in the Republic of Korea. Result: As a result of the study, improvements to some of the problems that need to be preceded in order to effectively respond to drone terrorism at critical national facilities in the Republic of Korea, have been identified. First, terminologies related to critical national facilities and drone terrorism should be clearly defined and reflected in the Integrated Defense Act and the Terrorism Prevention Act. Second, the current concept of protection of critical national facilities should evolve from the current ground-oriented protection to a three-dimensional protection concept that considers air threats and the Integrated Defense Act should reflect a plan to effectively install the anti-drone system that can materialize the concept. Third, a special law against flying over critical national facilities should be enacted. To this end, legislation should be enacted to expand designated facilities subject to flight restrictions while minimizing the range of no fly zone, but the law should be revised so that the two wings of "drone industry development" and "protection of critical national facilities" can develop in a balanced manner. Fourth, illegal flight response system and related systems should be improved and reestablished. For example, it is necessary to prepare a unified manual for general matters, but thorough preparation should be made by customizing it according to the characteristics of each facility, expanding professional manpower, and enhancing response training. Conclusion: The focus of this study is to present directions for policy and technology development to establish an anti-drone system that can effectively respond to drone terrorism and illegal drones at critical national facilities going forward.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.363-365
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• 2014

Internet baking, e-commerce, business processing, etc on smartphone handing could be possible in present days. Ambiguity between cyber and real life has made vulnerability on infrastructure, Gov't Service and National security by cyber terrorism. Especially, Lots of Infrastructure and Gov't Service based on Information Technology were exposed by Cyber terror. Legal system should be improved to keep from these threats. This paper proposed needs of cyber legal system by analyzing proposed cyber related code on Korean National Assembly, issue on Cyber Control Tower, National Cyber Security Industry and Human resource.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.99-104
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• 2003

The maritime security risk has been recognized since the terrorists attacked the world trade center and the Pentagon In this paper, maritime security risk is analyzed on the basis if the data of crime in Korean sea We propose the countermeasures to prevent maritime security threats

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.603-617
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• 2022

Following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the United States declared war on terror and invaded Afghanistan and Iraq, winning quickly. However, interest in analyzing terrorist activities has developed as a result of a significant amount of time being spent on the post-war stabilization effort, which failed to minimize the number of terrorist activities that occurred later. Based on terrorist data from 2003 to 2010, this study utilized a Bayesian hierarchical model to forecast the terrorist threat in 2011. The model depicts spatiotemporal dependence with predictors such as population and religion by autonomous district. The military commander in charge of the region can utilize the forecast value based on the our model to prevent terrorism by deploying forces efficiently.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.48-57
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• 2018

최근 국내외적으로 암호화폐 거래소(이하 '디지털 자산 거래소')를 대상으로 빈번히 발생하고 있는 암호화폐(이하 '디지털 자산') 탈취, 무단 입출금 등 보안 사고를 통하여 자금세탁 및 테러자금조성 등 사회적인 문제를 일으키는 불법 행위가 증가할 가능성이 높다. 본 논문에서는 국제 표준화 기구에서 다루고 있는 디지털 자산 거래소 보안에 관한 표준안, 국내외 법 규정 등을 분석하고 디지털 자산 거래 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 잠재적인 보안 위협을 식별함으로서 자금세탁 및 테러자금조성 방지를 위한 디지털 자산 거래 시스템의 개선 방안을 제시한다.