• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.113-136
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• 2020

Worldwide, so-called 'over-booking' of Air Carriers is established in practice. Although not invalid, despite their current contracts, passengers can be refused boarding, which can hinder travel planning. The Korean Supreme Court ruled that an airline carrier who refused to board a passenger due to over-booking was liable for compensation under the "Nonperformance of obligation". But what the court should be thinking about is when the benefit(transport) have been disabled. Thereforeit may be considered that the impossibility of benefit (Transport) due to the rejection of boarding caused by 'Over-booking' may be not the 'subsequent impossibility', but not the 'initialimpossibility '. The legal relationship due to initial impossibility is nullity (imposibilium nulla est obligation). When benefits are initial impossibile, our civil code recognizes liability for damages in accordance with the law of "Culpa in Contrahendo", not "nonperformance of obligation". On this reason, the conclusion that the consumer will be compensated for the loss of boarding due to overbooking by the Air Carrier is the same, but there is a need to review the legal basis for the responsibility from the other side. However, it doesn't matter whether it is non-performance or Culpa in Contrahendo. Rather, the recognition of this compensation is likely to cause confusion due to unstable contractual relationships between both parties. Even for practices permitted by Air Carriers, modifications to current customary overbooking that consumers must accept unconditionally are necessary. At the same time, if Air Carriers continue to be held liable for non-performance of obligations due to overselling tickets, it can be fatal to the airline business environment that requires overbooking for stable profit margins. Therefore, it would be an appropriate measure for both Air Carriers and passengers if the Air Carrier were to be given a clearer obligation to explain (to the consumer) and, at the same time, if the explanation obligation is fulfilled, the Air Carrier would no longer be forced to take responsibility for overbooking.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 2016

By developing rider robot using omni wheel drive, a usability test for 6 people was conducted after finding out inconvenient factors and ways of improvement. The results of this research are as follows. First, we researched inconvenient factors captured by object of experiment using a rider robot who is living in the dormitory. It showed that the disabled showing 1.6 of satisfaction degree felt more inconvenient for normal people showing 4 of satisfaction degree. It was found that the height of seats is 10 centimeters higher, which caused inconvenience for moving. Second, each of the disabled and normal people showed 2.33 and 2.62 of satisfaction degree below the average for seats, back of a seat, armrest, footrest, security belts. However, for the revised design both of them showed 3.5 of satisfaction degree over the average. Third, most people felt this robot is quite expensive and said they would purchase it if subsidized by the government. Therefore, based on inconvenient factors and ways of improvement found in this research, further study needs to be conducted so as to improve the quality of life of the disabled.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.115-125
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• 2003

The concrete median barriers are the most popular safety appurtenance that can be installed on narrow medians and are effective in keeping uncontrolled vehicles from crossing into opposing lanes of traffic. It is necessary to install and maintain median barriers because it is very difficult to reserve enough room required for medians in KOREA. Also, concrete median barriers are accepted as the actual alternatives for median barriers, mostly because they require almost no maintenance even after serious collisions. Typical concrete median barriers are 810mm high and have 596mm high glare screens on top of them. However we have experienced a number of "climb" and "roll-over" accidents of heavy vehicles and most of all, there have been some serious accidents caused by the part of broken glare screens. So the improvement study of concrete median barriers started. Prior to this study, a new type of concrete median barrier was suggested which is 1,270mm high and has no glare screens on top of it. So it was required to compare the properties of various types of concrete median barriers including the new type to find the optimal type of concrete median barrier. In this study, we have evaluated the characteristics of four types of concrete median barriers (New Jersey type, F type, constant slope type, and wall type). We have performed many computer simulations for the evaluation of the crashworthiness of them, and through the simulations we have tried to find a proper type of concrete median barrier. Through the computer simulations, we evaluated the structural stability and safety of the four types of concrete median barriers. We confirmed the structural stability and safety of them But in regard to the probability of "roll-over" of heavy vehicles, the higher concrete median barriers showed better performances than the lower. As the result of this study a new type of concrete median barrier was recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 2019

Recently, the number of passengers using airplanes is rapidly increasing due to the increase of overseas travelers. Therefore, the probability of exposure to natural radiation due to altitude is increasing due to the increase in flight time. Cosmic-ray penetrates the Earth's magnetic field belt Van Allen, which is located at an altitude of 400 km to 1200 km. Most cosmic rays are blocked at Van Allen belt. However, cosmic-ray could be not completely blocked, and a small amount of cosmic-ray affects the earth. In general, if the altitude was increased by 100m, the natural exposure dose increased by 0.03 mSv on the Earth. In this study, I tried to minimize the exposure to natural radiation in airplanes when boarding airplanes. Especially, I was aimed to minimize radiation exposure by protecting the highly sensitive thyroid gland among human organs. According to the results of the study, the designed shielding handkerchief was able to shield cosmic natural radiation dose by more than 70%. In conclusion, the application of the shielding handkerchief made in this study can be effectively shield natural radiation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.1033-1034
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• 2012

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02b
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• pp.119.2-119.2
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• 2009

• Korea Information Processing Society Review
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.63-68
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• 2004

텔레매틱스란 차량의 운전자와 탑승자에게 교통정보안내 긴급구난, 원격차량진단, 인터넷 서비스(금응거래, 뉴스, e-mail 등) 등을 제공하여 “Mobile Office” 혹은 “움직이는 비즈니스 공간”을 구현하는 서비스를 말한다[1]. 따라서 텔레매틱스는 필수적으로 자동차산업과 연계되어 서비스가 이루어져야 한다. (중략)

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• v.37 no.38
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• pp.46-78
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• 1994

동굴의 안전진단은 일반적인 민사사항에 대비하는 안전진단 만은 아니다. 즉, 동굴의 생태환경의 보전을 위한 보전책도 강구하며 특히 동굴생물의 생태유지 등의 실태를 조사하는데 그 목적이 있다고 하겠다. 사실상 동굴은 소중한 천연적인 자연자원이다. 최근에 이르러 세계의 모든 나라에서는 이와같은 지하세계의 탑승을 위한 관광개발이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 예를 들면 일본에서는 전국에 총93개소의 동굴들이 공개된 관광동굴로 개발되어 있다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.881-882
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• 2008

• 한국도로학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.265-270
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• 2010