• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.347-352
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• 2013

Soybean sprout is a year-round traditional vegetable that is easily produced and relatively inexpensive in Korea. In addition, the sprout is known as a good source of protein, vitamins and minerals. The quality of the soybean sprout has been mainly evaluated only by its appearance like length, width, color, and the others without considering any odor or taste attributes. We studied the chemical factors affecting taste of soy sprouts cultivated with 5 recommended soybean cultivars through evaluation of chemical constituents in relation to their sensory characteristics. Correlation coefficient among the chemical constituents and sensory characteristics of soybean sprout showed that the linolenic acid and Ca contents were positively correlated with total acceptability of soybean sprout and histidine, aspartic acid, and serine showed a negative association with beany odor of soybean sprout. Multiple regression analysis was done to formulate selection criteria for good taste of soy sprout. The estimation of step-wise regression analysis conducted by 47 chemical components for major quality-related characteristics showed that linolenic acid and mineral contents were the main components increasing the acceptability of soybean sprout.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2020

This study compared RGB color images with canopy light interception (LI) and leaf area index (LAI) measurements for low cost and low labor. LAI and LI were measured from vertical gap fraction derived from top of digital image in soybean canopy cover (cv Daewonkong, Deapongkong and Pungsannamulkong). RGB color images, LAI, and LI were collected from V4.5 stage to R5stage. Image segmentation was based on excess green minus excess red index (ExG-ExR). There was a linear relationship between LAI measured with LI (r²=0.84). There was alinear relation ship between LI measured with canopy cover on image (CCI) (r²=0.94). There was a significant positive relationship(r²=0.74) between LAI and CCI at all grow ingseason. Therefore, it is expected that in the future, the RGB color image could be able to easily measure the LAI and the LI at low cost and low labor.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.spc1
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• pp.166-173
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• 2006

Soyasaponins are phytochemicals of major interest fur their health benefits. Chemical investigation of a soybean phytochemical concentrate resulted in the isolation and identification of triterpenoid saponins. The MeOH extraction of defatted hypocotyl separated from soybeans was peformed by the automated solvent extractor (ASE). Fractionation was performed on a flash column ($150mm{\times}40mm$ i.d.) packed with a preparative $C_{18}$ reverse phase bulk packing material $(125\AA,\;55-105{\mu}m)$ and monitored at 210 nm, and collected 14 fractions. Consequent Fsat preparative column liquid chromatography (Fast PCLC) was performed for the purification of Fraction-I (Fr-I) collected from the fraction 8 and 9 of flash chromatography. Fsat PCLC was performed on a Luna $C_{18}\;10{\mu}m,\;100{\AA}$, semipreparative reverse phase column ($250cm{\times}50mm$ i.d.) for the purification of isolated unknown compound (Fr-I-2). Chemical structure of acetyl soyasaponin $A_1\;(MW:1436.6,\;C_{67}H_{104}O_{33})$ was identified and determined by a combination of extensive NMR ($^1H-NMR$, 400 MHz; $^{13}C-NMR$, 100 MHz; DEPT), IR, UV, and ESI-MS analysis.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.265-270
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• 1993

The symbiotic dynamics of Bradyrhiwbium japonicum YCK strains indigenous to Korean soils were investigated accordingly to their competitive conditions for nodulation. For this experiment the single strain inoculants of YCK strains and the mixed inoculants of one YCK strain and one USDA strain were applied to Korean Jangbaekkong and American Clark soybeans at mollisol soils(Torroxic Haplustoll, pH 6.8). The results were summarized as follows : 1. The symbiotic effectiveness of B. japonicum YCK strains was increased on the average of nitrogen accumulation by mixing with USDA strains, especially with strain USDA 110. 2. The effectiveness of each mixed inoculant was affected by soybean cultivar. 3. YCK strains occupied on the average of 83 and 86 % of the nodules against strain USDA 110 on Jangbaekkong and Clark soybeans, respectitvely. 4. The most effective strain among three YCK strains was strain YCK 213 as a single inoculant and was strain YCK 141 as a mixed inoculant with USDA strains. 5. The mixed inoculants of YCK strains and strain USDA 123 showed antagonism for nodulation.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.173-177
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• 1996

This study was carried out to improve utility value as soybean genetic resources and to obtain basic information for color-soybean breeding. The 146 local color soybean lines collected in Kyongbuk province were investigated major agronomic characteristics. Seed coat-color showed seven different types which were black, white mottled on black, white mottled on brown, black saddle on green, green, raddish brown and brown. Major color types were black and green colors. The 90 percent of collected lines were purple in flower color. The 86 lines were green in color of cotyledonary part and 64 lines yellow. Great variations were observed in days to flowering and days from flowering to maturity, 51 to 81 days and 75 to 103 days, respectively. But days to maturity was 150 to 159 days and had smaller variation than days to flowering and days from flowering to maturity in all lines except those with white mottled on black (123 days). The 100 seed weight ranged below 10g to over 36g. Black seed color with green embryo seed was heavier seed weight than black seed color with yellow embryo seed. Seed shape of all collected lines was ellipsodial and average ratio of length: width: thickness of seed was 1:0.87:0.69. Positive correlation coeffieients were obtained among seed length, width, thickness and 100 seed weight.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.447-453
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• 1986

Germination and seedling elongation of soybeans [cult. ‘Williams’] were measured at two temperatures (15 and 3$0^{\circ}C$), three seed water contents (30, 50, and 70%), and with and without polyethylene glycol-8000 (PEG) treatments. A split-plot design was used with four replications. Observations were made from two hours to eight days for each treatment combination. Seeds were soaked with 30% PEG solution with 0.2% thiram at 15 C for six days, rinsed with deionized water and dried at 25.5$^{\circ}C$ for three days. Ten treated or untreated seeds were placed on Whatman No. I (9 cm) filter paper in plastic petridishes to which sufficient deionized water was added to adjust seed moisture content to the desired level. The dishes were then sealed with parafilm and placed in a continuous programmed temperature chamber under dark condition. Seedling growth did not occur at either temperature when moisture content was 50 percent or less. Osmo-conditioning with PEG showed positive effects on seedling moisture uptake and seedling growth at 15$^{\circ}C$ but little effect at 3$0^{\circ}C$. Seedling moisture content increased rapidly early in the germination period and reached 60% at 15 C for 56 hours and at 3$0^{\circ}C$ for 28 hours. Seedling growth started when seed moisture reached a critical point of 60% at 15$^{\circ}C$, however, growth started after 20 hours of germination at 3$0^{\circ}C$. Seedlings of soybeans elongated more than four times faster at 3$0^{\circ}C$ than at 15$^{\circ}C$. Water uptake during germination was characterized by two phases in this experiment.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2004

Two genes, SinIFS1 and SinIFS2 from Korean soybean cultivar, Sinpaldalkong known as one of isoflavonerich cultivars, were cloned with PCR and degenerate primers. The sequences of two genes were analyzed with previously reported IFS genes of leguminous plants and their expression pattern in various environmental conditions was surveyed. The genomic clone of SinIFS1 contained 1,828bp nucleotides and encoded a polypeptide of 521 amino acids, and 1912bp nucleotides and a polypeptide of 521 amino acids for SinIFS2. Both genes included several conserved motifs, oxygen binding and activation (A/G-G-X-E/D-T-T/S), ERR triad (E...R....R), and heme binding (F-X-X-G-X-R-X-C-X-G) domain, which are typical in any member of cytochrome P45O superfamily. Very high sequence homology (>98%) was observed in the comparison with other IFSs of legumes. In the northern blot analysis to check the expression and increase of SinIFS1 to various environmental renditions (low temperature, light, dark, UV, and fungal elicitor), the most significant induction, more than 6 times of transcript level compared to the dark treatment as a control, was observed from the fungal elicitor treatment. The next up-regulated expression was from UV treatment (4${\times}$), low temperature and light conditions.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.712-721
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• 1997

The objectives of this study were; (1) to identify and localize QTLs for resistance to soybean cyst nematode(SCN) race 5 on RAPD map, (2) to idntify the magnitude and mode of inheritance for each QTL, and (3) to identify the best combinations of QTLs for resistance to SCN race 5. Based on the univariate regression analysis, we detected 26 markers(22 RAPD and 4 RFLP) which showed significant association(P<0.05) with resistance to SCN race 5. From MAPMAKER /QTL analysis, we identified two regions (LGC-20 and Group 2) for resistance to SCN race 5. The QTL that was localized at 8.0 cM from pK418C on LGC-20 showed a recessive mode of inheritance and the QTL that was localized between W03 and E02$^3$ on Group 2 showed a dominant mode of inheritance. Two pairs of flanking markers (E02$^3$ and W03, pK418C and pK418E$_1$) and one unlinked RAPD marker, G10$^1$ were used for multiple regression analysis. Marker combination which was composed of 4 markers, E02$^3$, G10$^1$, W03, and pK418E$_1$, explained the highest amount of phenotypic variation by SCN (35.2％). Further research for the identification of QTLs for resistance to SCN race 5 to explain larger portion of phenotypic variation is needed.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.739-747
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• 1997

This study was performed to clarify various conditions on the test of lipoxygenase-l and to establish the application of new test method for varietal improvement of soybeans in order to decrease beany flavors. Potassium borate and Tris were used as buffer and O.1M potassium borate solution showed the best result for the lipoxygenase-l test. In the range of pH 8.5~9.0 of the buffer, 2mM linoleic acid as substrate was effective. For color development, 100$\mu$l of two solutions(KI and starch) were added to the half soybean seed, successively. The substrate solution included linoleic acid was stored safely for 10 days at 4$^{\circ}C$ in refrigerator and for 4 days at room temperature. The best result was as follows; the 1ml of substrate solution[0.1M potassium borate(pH 9.0), 0.1％ Tween-20, 2mM linoleic acid] was added to the chipped half soybean seed in l.5ml plastic tube, waited for 15 minutes, and 100$\mu$l of color development solutions(5％ saturated KI in 15％ acetic acid, 1％ starch) were added to the tube, successively. After 4 hours, the purple color was observed in the upper phase of the plastic tube in the presence of lipoxygenase-1 and milky color in absence of lipoxygenase-1. The purple color was stable from 4 to 24 hours. There was no interfering effect by lipoxygenase-2 and -3. The plastic tube should be placed in the tube stand without shaking during the lipoxygenase-l test.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.407-412
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• 2008

Anthocyanin pigments in soybean seed coat were D3G (Delphinidin-3-glucoside), C3G (Cyanidin-3- glucoside) and Pt3G (Petunidin-3-glucoside), which have been known potential roles in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Anthocyanin contents in seed coat of blck soybean were significantly different according to soybean variety, C3G content showed the highest value in all materials and its variation was also wide. Antioxidant activity of each pigment was analyzed by DPPH and TEAC methods in which D3G and C3G showed high activity. And this study was carried out to investigate the effects of anthocyanin to human cancer cells. Cytotoxity were analyzed by MTT assay after anthocyanin pigments treated on leukemia (Jurkat T) and adenocarsinoma (MCF-7) cells. It showed decrement of cell numbers as anthocyanin concentration is increasing. ${EC}_50$ range of anthocyanin concentrations were $100{\sim}250\;ug/mL$ and $100{\sim}250\;ug/mL$ in Jurkat T and MCF-7 cell, respectively. D3G showed higher cytotoxicity than other pigments in Jurkat T cell whereas activity of C3G was high in MCF-7 cell. It is believed that supplementation of human diets with soybean anthocyanin markedly reduces human cancer mortality rates.