• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.580-585
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• 2008

The principal objective of this study was to determine the effects of defatted soybean grits (DSG) on body lipidmetabolism with 4 weeks of feeding on a high-fat diet. The rats were divided into the following 4 groups: control group (Con), control group treated with 20% DSG (C20D), high-fat group (HF), and high-fat group treated with 20% DSG (HF20D). The plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly lower in the HF20D group than in the HF group. On the other hand, the DSG supplement resulted in a significant increase in plasma HDL-cholesterol levels. The DSG supplement reduced the hepatic total lipid, total cholesterol, and triglyceride contents as compared to what was observed in the HF diet groups. In addition, the fecal total cholesterol and triglyceride contents increased in the DSG treatment groups. The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activities were demonstrated to be significantly lower in the HF20D group than in the HF group. These results showed that the DSG powder lowered plasma cholesterol levels, tissue lipid contents, and cholesterol accumulation in the rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.626-631
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• 2005

The effects of Pleurotus (P.) eryngii on the weight gains, food efficiency ratios, serum and hepatic lipid concentrations were investigated in male rats fed the high fat diets. Twenty one week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were given three different types of diet for 10 weeks, respectively: a control diet (high fat; $20\%$ lard), two kinds of P. eryngii diet supplemented with $3\%\;or\;5\%$ of dry P. eryngii powder in substitutes for the same amounts of cellulose in the control diets. The body weight gains and food efficiency ratios of the rats fed $3\%\;and\;5\%$ P. eryngii diets were significantly lower than those of the rats fed the control diet. The concentrations of hepatic total lipid and triglyceride in the rats fed the P. eryngii diets were significantly lower than those in the rats fed the control diet. But the hepatic cholesterol contents of the rats fed the P. eryngii diets were similar to those of the rats fed the control diet. The concentrations in serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and atherogenic index ratios were significantly lower in the rats fed the P. eryngii diets compared to those fed the control diet. The HDL-cholesterol/total- cholesterol ratio was significantly higher in the rats fed the P. eryngii diets compared to those fed the control diet. There were no significant difference found in the serum triglyceride, phospholipid and HDL-cholesterol concentrations among the experimental groups. These results showed that feeding of P. eryngii powder feeding decreased the total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index and increased the HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratio in serum of the rats fed high fat diet.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.94-103
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify the association between regular physical activity (PA) types and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in fertile women. Data were obtained from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-3, 2018). The sample consisted of 4,172 fertile women over 19 years of age. The data were analyzed using an independent t-test, χ2 test, and multiple logistic regression analysis for examining the association of regular PA and MetS. The prevalence of MetS in fertile women was 3.1% (n =128), and 1,972 fertile women (47.2%) practiced regular PA. Compared to the non-regular PA group, regular PA resulted in a significantly lower systolic blood pressure (p =.002), lower waist circumference (p <.001), lower fasting blood sugar (p =.007), and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p <.001). After controlling the confounding variables, multiple logistic regression showed that the regular PA group (odds ratio 0.59, 95% confidence interval 0.35-0.98, p =.040) and the regular muscle-strengthen PA group (odds ratio 0.34, 95% confidence interval 0.14-0.80, p =.013) were associated with a decreased risk of MetS. Therefore, regular PA, including muscle-strengthen PA should be considered to develop effective MetS intervention in fertile women.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.381-386
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• 2018

This study aims to provide a scientific proof of the effects of horseback riding sports by analyzing changes in metabolic variation of horseback riding and running before and after 10km running. Paired t-test and independent t-test were conducted to process the data. The results show that among lipid source glucose significantly increases for horseback riding group $97.78{\pm}14.55mg/dl$ to $123.21{\pm}33.88mg/dl$, (p<.05). TC horseback riding group $188.71{\pm}35.25mg/dl$ to $199.35{\pm}32.79mg/dl$(p<.01), LDL-C also significant increases in riding group $113.42{\pm}33.39mg/dl$ to $121.42{\pm}32.52mg/dl$(p<.01). HDL-C also shows significant increase; in riding group $53.42{\pm}14.36mg/dl$ to $56.64{\pm}15.24mg/dl$(p<.01). show that among lipid variation glucose significantly change in horseback riding group, TC horseback riding group, LDL-C also change in riding group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.796-801
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• 2002

To investigate the effects of Ewomia ulmoides olivon extract on the serum and hepatic lipid status and anti-oxidant enzyme activities, male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were given high fat diets and Eucomia ulmoides olivon ethanol extracts for 6 weeks. Rats were divided into (our groups consisting the control (C), Eucomia ulmoides oliuon extract fed group (CE), high fat diet group (CL) and the extract and high fat fed group (CLE). Eucomia ulmoides oliuon ethanol extract lowered total cholesterol, but increased HDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol of the serum compared to the control. On the other hand, the ratio of HDL-cholesterol/total cho-lcsterol (HTR) was increased by 55% (p<0.05). High fat diet significantly increased serum cholesterol contents, but decreased HDL-cholesterol level and HTR (p<0.05). Atherogenic index (AI) of CL group was increased by almost four times of the control (p<0.05). Triglycerides (TG) and phospholipids were also increased by high fat diet. Eucomia ulmoides oliuon ethanol extract decreased the levels of TG (p<0.05) and phospholipids (p<0.05). Although liver antioxidant engyme activities including glutathione sulfur transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were decreased by high fat diet, those were stimulated by the administration of Eucommia ulmoides olivon ethanol extract.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

Purpose: Anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (PSP) have been investigated in vitro and in animals and found to have a protective effect against oxidative hepatic damage. In this study, we investigated that aqueous extract of PSP can ameliorate the dysfunction of lipid metabolism in mice fed a high fat/cholesterol diet. Methods: Forty C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8) and fed one of the following diets for 8 weeks; normal fat (NF) diet; high fat/cholesterol (HFC) diet; HFC with 1.25% PSP (HFPL) diet; HFC with 2.5% PSP (HFPM) diet; HFC with 5% PSP (HFPH) diet. Results: Non-alcoholic fatty liver was manifested in the HFC group by showing increased levels in plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), increased level of TC and presence of many large lipid droplets in the liver, and increased fat cell size in the HFC group compared with the NF group. However, administration of HFC induced a significant decrease in food intake, resulting in decrease in fat mass. Co-administration of PSP did not lead to reversal of body weight changes, ALT activity, and lipid levels in plasma and the liver, but suppressed excess enlargement of the fat cell size through increasing carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) gene expression in the liver. Accordingly, the number of fat droplets in the liver was reduced in PSP administered groups. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggest that PSP may have a protective effect on the dysfunction of lipid metabolism. Conduct of further studies on the coordinated regulation of PSP for lipid metabolic homeostasis at the liver-adipose tissue axis is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.291-295
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• 1992

The methanol extracts from different parts of Ixeris sonchifolia (Compositae) were evaluated for their total cholesterol lowering effect in mice. Mice were rendered hypercholesterolemic with 1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid. Significant lowering in serum cholesterol was observed in mice with the methanol extract from leaves (MeOH-LF), whereas the methanol extract from roots (MeOH-RT) was devoid of this effect. In rats with cholesterol-induced hyperlipidemia MeOH-LF in a dose of 100mg/kg body weight caused significant decrease of total cholesterol, and the atherogenic index was also improved. On the other hand, total cholesterol in rats fed a stock diet was not affected by administration of the MeOH-LF. Thus, it is suggested that this MeOH-LF probably may increase the metabolic utilization only when fed with excess cholesterol.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.36-45
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was performed to examine the healthy lifestyle influenced on the metabolic syndrome among the elderly in the rural area. We examined the changes of risk factors of metabolic syndrome after two years. Method: Out of 134 who did health screening at the J county health center from July 1 to August 31, 2006, 65 aged people confirmed to metabolism syndrome were selected as subjects. For the final analysis, 62 aged people who revisited after two years were selected our subjects. The data were analyzed using SPSS PC+ 12.0 program for descriptive, Chi-square test, t-test and ANOVA analysis. Result: The result of this study indicated that 62 metabolic syndrome patients in 2006 decreased into 53, and women were higher than men. The difference in the metabolic syndrome came from level of education, smoking, health practices, and past illness history. Conclusion: Therefore, the change of lifestyle needs to be induced by the level of education, and for the group of smoking, non-exercise, and past illness history not only regular checkups to prevent metabolic syndrome but also education to have interest on themselves may need intensively.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.275-286
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• 2018

Purpose: Our previous study demonstrated that persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thumb.) at different stages of ripening provided different protective effects against high-fat/cholesterol diet (HFD)-induced dyslipidemia in rats. In this study, we compared the metabolites profile and gene expressions related to triglyceride (TG)/cholesterol metabolism in vitro and in vivo after treating with persimmon water extracts (PWE) or tannin-enriched persimmon concentrate (TEP). Methods: Primary and secondary metabolites in test materials were determined by GC-TOF/MS, UHPLC-LTQ-ESI-IT-MS/MS, and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. The expression of genes related to TG and cholesterol metabolism were determined by RT-PCR both in HepG2 cells stimulated by oleic acid/palmitic acid and in liver tissues obtained from Wistar rats fed with HFD and PWE at 0, 150, 300, and 600 mg/d (experiment I) or TEP at 0, 7, 14, and 28 mg/d (experiment II) by oral gavage for 9 weeks. Results: PLS-DA analysis and heatmap analysis demonstrated significantly differential profiling of metabolites of PWE and TEP according to processing of persimmon powder. In vitro, TEP showed similar hypolipidemic effects as PWE, but significantly enhanced hypocholesterolemic effects compared to PWE in sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2), HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), cholesterol $7{\alpha}-hydroxylase$ (CYP7A1), and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene expression. Consistently, TEP and PWE showed similar hypolipidemic capacity in vivo, but significantly enhanced hypocholesterolemic capacity in terms of SREBP2, HMGCR, and bile salt export pump (BSEP) gene expression. Conclusion: These results suggest that column extraction after hot water extraction may be a good strategy to enhance tannins and long-chain fatty acid amides, which might cause stimulation of hypocholesterolemic actions through downregulation of cholesterol biosynthesis gene expression and upregulation of LDL receptor gene expression.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.455-459
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• 2008

This study examined the effects of Bulnesia sarmienti ethanol extract on lipid metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Sprague Dawley rats were induced with diabetes mellitus by injecting STZ (45 mg/kg) into the tail vein, and were then divided into 5 groups: normal, STZ-control, and three experimental diabetic groups. The rats were fed a basal diet along with B. sarmienti ethanol extract for 8 weeks. According to the results, after 8 weeks of consuming the experimental diets, the body weights and food efficiency ratios of the B. sarmienti ethanol extract-fed groups were not different from those of the control group. However, the concentrations of plasma total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides were significantly lower in the B. sarmienti ethanol extract groups as compared to those of the control group. Although a blood glucose control effect was not observed after the eight weeks of B. sarmienti ethanol extract treatment in this type-l diabetes model, it was discovered that the experimental diets were highly effective at lowering levels of serum lipids, including triglycerides, total-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol.