• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.95-120
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• 2015

Under the stiff competition in the health care industry, the long run survival of medical institution depends on building up customer loyalty. The purpose of this study is to figure out the influencing factors on customer loyalty. This new model is based on Bettman(1979)'s customer purchasing decision making process(awareness-interest-final decision). The key characteristics of this model reflects the psychological change of customer purchasing decision The influencing factor at each purchasing stage must need to be identified because the inner decision making process is generally carried out by multistage. In this respect, this study shows the brand awareness of hospital plays an important role at the first stage. In a second stage, the servciescape and service quality of hospital must be considered. Finally, customer's perceived value is adopted. By using a sample of 116 Chinese tourists, this study empirically examines the influencing factors of customer loyalty. The results that the brand awareness and perceived value have a positive effect on customer loyalty.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.100-108
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• 2004

인테리어 디자인학은 보편적으로 건물의 내부공간, 즉 매우 명확한 경계들을 전제로 잘 정의된 공간들에 관한 연구로 그 범위가 제한되어져 왔다. 따라서 건축, 도시, 또는 매우 광대한 의미에서의 환경디자인의 특권으로 알려져 있는 도시에 관한 쟁점을 그다지 자주 다루지 않는 편이라 할 수 있겠다. 그러나 극도로 고밀도화된 현대의 대도시들은 주요 지하 교통망을 중심으로 상업, 유흥, 업무시설 그리고 경우에 따라서는 주거단지에 까지 쉽게 연결되는 거대한양의 전이 실내공간들을 창출해내고 있다. 이것이 최근 홍콩의 건축가 게리 챙(Gary Chang)에 의해서 규정된 새로운 개념의 고밀도 도시 인테리어 랜드스케이프(interior landscape)인 것이다. 이러한 인테리어스케이프의 개념은 현대 도시의 모습 중에서 가장 흥미로운 개념들 중의하나라 할 수 있는데 다양한 요소들이 혼합된 그 특성은 이제 사회학, 건축, 인류학, 도시탐험, 인테리어 디자인, 도시 그리고 환경 디자인 등 다양한 분야에서 뜨거운 논쟁의 주제로 떠오르게 된 것이다. 이제 도시에 관한 연구는 더 이상 외부에서 내부로 진행되는 것이 아니고, 내부에서부터 출발되는 것이다. 극도로 밀집된 아시아의 대도시들은 이렇게 혼잡한 도시환경의 모든 요인들을 더 잘 이해할 수 있도록 다양하고 흥미로운 상황들을 제공해 주고 있다. 상업적 목적으로 건물 전체를 사용하는 수직적 전략이나 다양한 문화적 행태들은 도시 환경의 '혼잡성'을 그냥 참을만한 것이 아니라 오히려 그 도시만의 매력적 요소로 부각시켜 주는 것이다. 본 논문은 인테리어스케이프를 중심으로 진행되고 있는 다양한 이론적 논쟁들의 분석에 그 기초를 두고 있다. '장소성의 부재'의 개념, 혼잡의 문화, 공공공간의 사유화, 결절도시, 한계의 개념들을 분석하여 아시아 대도시들이 어떻게 이러한 쟁점들을 그들 자신만의 고유한 해결책으로 발전시키는지를 고찰하고자 한다. 본 논문의 목적은 서울을 사례분석 중 하나로 사용하여 인테리어 디자인 분야의 경계를 대도시로 확장하는 동시에 새로운 적용영역의 가능성을 탐구하는데 있다 하겠다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.35-44
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• 2017

This study intends to analyze the structural relationships among the servicescape of theme park, the affective image and the place dependence of visitors, one of the most important factors of place attachment. For this purpose, this study selects Lotte World in Seoul as a study site and conducts a questionnaire survey focused on visitors who visited the site previously. The results of an exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation method show that esthetics and amenity factors among servicescape of theme park affect the attractiveness and comfortableness of the affective image of visitors positively, and two factors of visitors' affective image also affect the their place dependence positively. Tourism planners or landscape designers can consider these useful servicescape elements of theme park as important planning and managing factors in order to improve the images of theme parks and the level of place attachment.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2015

To make provision for the super-aged society, the senior welfare facility which is a kind of typical physical environment of the nursing service would be expected to perform a very important role in local community. This study was conducted to identify the constructs of the servicescapes of senior welfare facility and to draw analysis indicators of it. For this, we performed literature review based on domestic & foreign government guide, service marketing theory and interior architectural results concerning the physical environment of the senior welfare facility. The result of this study showed as follows: servicescapes of the senior welfare facility could be explained as "a whole set of physical environment to support a variety of services provided by the senior welfare facility for the elderly or services of the kind of tangible clues". Analysis indicators of the senior welfare facility's servicescape could be explained as five factors: safety factor, functional factor, aesthetic factor, ambient factor and social factor. In addition we developed 37 pieces of detailed factors referred to five factors. The evaluation and verification of analysis indicators was carried out through 8 experts in-depth interviews. We inspected importance factor using a 5-point Likert scale, therefore safety factor was 4.41, functional factor was 4.27, aesthetic factor was 3.66, ambient factor was 4.20 and social factor was 4.25. More than anything else, in this study, there is a sense that it has established the concept of servicescape adapted to the senior welfare facility and contained a social element between the employees and the physical environment. Theoretical and practical implications of findings are discussed, and future research directions are proposed. we expect to be a little or benefits to the senior welfare facility corresponding to the future of the super-aged society.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.173-193
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of servicescape factors(space, convenience, aesthetics, comfortableness, cleanliness), brand reputation and experiences factors(feel, think, act, relate) on emotional and cognitive reactions of visitors to Korean restaurants. It also investigated the relationship between emotional and cognitive reactions and brand loyalty. A total of 353 questionnaires were analyzed using the factor analysis, a reliability test, and structural equation modeling analysis. The results revealed that space, aesthetics and comfortableness were positively related to emotional reaction, and convenience and cleanliness were related to cognitive reaction. This study also found that brand reputation was positively related to emotional and cognitive reactions. Moreover, it was found that think was positively related to emotional reaction, and feel, think, act and relate were positively related to cognitive reaction. Finally, cognitive reaction was positively related to loyalty. Therefore, Korean restaurant marketers should introduce or strengthen servicescape, brand reputation and experiences, which increases brand attitude or loyalty.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.343-355
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• 2009

In order to restore the identity of sound environment and expand the sound culture of a region, the purpose of this study are to excavate the resources of soundscape and find out the plans for the preservation and promotion of soundscape resources peculiar to the region. For this purpose, this research is conducted through an interview survey of residents and an observation survey using listening walk in Hongdo, one of the southwesten island of Korea. The results of survey confirm that there are so many sounds to hear around Hongdo island, those are, natural sounds such as the song of the birds, the roar of the waves, the whistling sounds, the shriek of the seagulls, and the pebbles sounds washed away by the waves, and artificial sounds such as the steam-whistle signals, the ship's broadcasts, the voice of tourists, the sounds of church bells, lighthouse sirens etc. The results suggest that it is necessary to consider several ways for restoration of an unique soundscape in Hongdo island, those are, improvement for efficient management of a ship's broadcasts in public areas, removal of a ferry in Hongdo swimming beach, management of Dangsanje (a religious service), preservation of a lighthouse siren and a foghorn, restoration and improvement of underground stream, management and control of public fish market, restoration of brooklet, management of cooperative system for a fish market, restoration of PoongO-Gut (a ritual for a large harvest) and a skate festival, management of a Hongdo sports meeting, sound quality modification of a boat whistle, restoration of orientalia such as a funeral bier, ecosystem preservation activity of the shore and ocean, and promotion of amenity for fascination and vitality in a rural community. Also, a sound map is drawn up for many tourists so as to realize the importance of sound environment and identity of soundscape and to gain their experience at first hand in Hongdo island.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.197-210
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the induction servicescape and the user satisfaction and repurchase intention about the restaurant tables embedded with the most advanced eco - friendly induction range. The main results of this study are as follows. The demographic characteristics of the respondents were 104 male respondents and 106 female respondents, with male - female ratio almost similar. The respondents' positions and responsibilities consisted of 68 restaurant representatives and 142 restaurant managers or persons in charge. The number of restaurants embedded with the induction ranges staffing 5 or more employees was 62.4%, which clearly showed that they were larger than the average restaurants(2.8 employees). The result of hypothesis testing by regression analysis showed that the restaurant's eco - friendly functional induction servicescape had a significant effect on user satisfaction, and ② the eco - friendly functional induction servicescape of the restaurant had a significant influence on repurchase intention. ③ The operation of the restaurant with the induction of the eco - friendly function of the restaurant. The satisfaction of the manager has a significant influence on the repurchase intention. Therefor, the hypothesis suggested in this study was adopted.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.164-177
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• 2010

This study examines die causal relationships among motivation to eat out, servicescape, customer satisfaction and repurchase intention in Seoul metropolitan area by conducting a survey to herbal food restaurant customers from January 20, 2010 to February 26, 2010. A total of 600 copies were distributed, and 522 copies were collected. Among them, except for 29 copies which were inadequate for analysis, 493 copies were analyzed by a factor analysis and reliability analysis using SPSS 12.0, and die research hypotheses were verified with a canonical correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results are as follows. First, there are relatively high correlations between such motivation for herbal food as the prevention of diseases, eco-friendly food, recipes, food calories and servicescape of functionality, safety, cleanliness, and accessibility. Second, die result of the multiple regression analysis between servicescape of herbal food and customer satisfaction shows that safety, cleanliness, and accessibility have significant effects on customer satisfaction. Third, customer satisfaction with herbal food has a positive effect on repurchase intention. Accordingly, useful suggestions are provided on the basis of these results.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.890-899
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• 2010

The sport industry has been continuing to grow in the past few decades in the U.S., and it presents significant opportunities for the practitioners to increase the number of patrons. To convert this opportunity to optimum benefits for a sport organization, one of the most significant challenges for the practitioners would be promoting sport attendance and repatronage. So far, many studies have tried to identify variables that affect the level of sports attendance. However, many of these variables are rather uncontrollable due to the nature of the sports and contingencies that are derived from many areas of uncertainties. Thus, to acquire competitive advantage and profit maximization, it would be essential for the managers to focus on understanding controllable elements. This study found that many controllable variables that influence sports attendance coincide with the servicescape elements which have been widely used in the hospitality industry since 1992. In the light of the conceptual framework of servicescape, this study also attempted to isolate the controllable variables that can be utilized to increase the sports attendance. This study presents its significance not only in extending the application of servicescape concept to the sport industry, but also in providing suggestions for future empirical studies that would further identify these variables, gauge the relationship between those variables, and assess its impact on the sports attendance.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.819-829
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• 2022

Professional baseball is one of the spectator sports that has been loved for a long time by the citizens as a recreational activity since its establishment in 1982, and has been playing pivotal role as a national sport. However, there has been decline in the number of audiences since 2019. Hence, this research paper aimed to provide strategic direction for planning and improvement of professional baseball stadiums by applying the concept of servicescape. In this research, five key factors of servicescape that affects players performance and the level of immersion of spectators were derived through literature review, and based on these key factors, case study analysis were carried out for 51 domestic and foreign baseball stadiums while focusing on the factors derived. Domestic baseball stadiums highly concentrate on spectatorship without effectively responding to change in spectators demand and its effective use of space rather than baseball games. As in foreign cases, it is critical to modify mangement process and planning direction, and improve policies while perceiving baseball stadium as recreational and cultural space.