• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.134-145
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• 2004

With rapid growth in the amount of data transferred on the Internet, traditional storage systems have reached the limits of their capacity and performance. SAN (Storage Area Network), which connects hosts to disk with the Fibre Channel switches, provides one of the powerful solutions to scale the data storage and servers. In this environment, the maintenance of data consistency among hosts is an important issue because multiple hosts share the files on disks attached to the SAN. To preserve data consistency, each host can execute the disk I/O whenever disk read and write operations are requested. However, frequent disk I/O requests cause the deterioration of the overall performance of a SAN cluster. In this paper, we introduce a SANtopia global buffer manager to improve the performance of a SAN cluster reducing the number of disk I/Os. We describe the design and algorithms of the SANtopia global buffer manager, which provides a buffer cache sharing mechanism among the hosts in the SAN cluster. Micro-benchmark results to measure the performance of block I/O operations show that the global buffer manager achieves speed-up by the factor of 1.8-12.8 compared with the existing method using disk I/O operations. Also, File system micro-benchmark results show that SANtopia file system with the global buffer manager improves performance by the factor of 1.06 in case of directories and 1.14 in case of files compared with the file system without a global buffer manager.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.2-4
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• 2022

매니코어 CPU 시스템에서의 병렬 I/O 는 현재의 리눅스 시스템의 LRU 관리 방법의 한계로 확장성에 문제를 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이 문제를 해결했던 하기 위한 개선된 FinerLRU 를 제안한다. LRU 락을 최대 코어 개수만큼 증가시키고 세분화된 Lock 관리를 통해 버퍼 캐시를 사용하는 파일 시스템의 병렬 I/O 성능을 향상시킨다. 리눅스 5.18.11 에 제안한 방법을 구현하였으며, 64 개의 물리적 코어와 256 개의 논리적 코어를 가지는 Intel Knights Landing 프로세서를 이용한 실험을 통해 두 배 가량의 성능 향상을 얻을 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.723-733
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• 2015

The OTT service that provides multimedia video has spread over the Internet for terminals with a variety of resolutions. The terminals are in communication via a networks such as 3G, LTE, VDSL, ADSL. The service of the network has been increased for a variety of terminals giving rise to the need for a new way of encoding multimedia is increasing. SVC is an encoding technique optimized for OTT services. We proposed an efficient multimedia management system for the SVC encoded multimedia data. The I/O trace was generated using a zipf distribution, and were comparatively evaluated for performance with the existing system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.117-123
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• 2013

In the recent cloud storage environment, the amount of SSD (Solid-State Drive) replacing with the traditional hard disk drive is increasing. Management of SSD for its space efficiency has become important since SSD provides fast IO performance due to no mechanical movement whereas it has wearable characteristics and does not provide in place update. In order to manage space efficiency of SSD, data de-duplication technique is frequently used. However, this technique occurs much overhead because it consists of data chunking, hasing and hash matching operations. In this paper, we propose new data de-duplication method using PRAM cache. The proposed method uses hierarchical hash tables and LRU(Least Recently Used) for data replacement in PRAM. First hash table in DRAM is used to store hash values of data cached in the PRAM and second hash table in PRAM is used to store hash values of data in SSD storage. The method also enhance data reliability against power failure by maintaining backup of first hash table into PRAM. Experimental results show that average writing frequency and operation time of the proposed method are 44.2% and 38.8% less than those of existing data de-depulication method, respectively, when three workloads are used.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.8B
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• pp.730-737
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• 2003

In this paper, we present an efficient authentication proxy for IEEE 802.1x systems based on the port-based access control mechanism. An IEEE 802.1x system consists of PC supplicants, a bridge with authentication client functions, and an authentication server. For the network security and user authentication purposes, a supplicant who wants to access Internet should be authorized to access the bridge port using the Extended Authentication Protocol (EAP) over LAN. The frame of EAP over LAN is then relayed to the authentication server by the bridge. After several transactions between the supplicant and the server via the bridge, the supplicant may be either authorized or not. Noting that the transactions between the relaying bridge and the server will be increased as the number of supplicants grows in public networks, we propose a scheme for reducing the transactions by employing an authentication proxy function at the bridge. The proxy is allowed to cache the supplicant's user ID and password during his first transaction with the server. For the next authentication procedure of the same supplicant, the proxy function of the bridge handles the authentication transactions using its cache on behalf of the authentication server. Since the main authentication server handles only the first authentication transaction of each supplicant, the processing load of the server can be reduced. Also, the authentication transaction delay experienced by a supplicant can be decreased compared with the conventional 802.1x system.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.277-284
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• 2021

Recently, the smart home environment is expected to be a platform that collects, integrates, and utilizes various data through convergence with wireless information and communication technology. In fact, the number of smart devices with various sensors is increasing inside smart homes. The amount of data that needs to be processed by the increased number of smart devices is also increasing, and big data processing systems are actively being introduced to handle it effectively. However, traditional big data processing systems have all requests directed to cluster drivers before they are allocated to distributed nodes, leading to reduced cluster-wide performance sharing as cluster drivers managing segmentation tasks become bottlenecks. In particular, there is a greater delay rate on smart home devices that constantly request small data processing. Thus, in this paper, we design a Apriori-based big data system for effective data processing in smart home environments where frequent requests occur at the same time. According to the performance evaluation results of the proposed system, the data processing time was reduced by up to 38.6% from at least 19.2% compared to the existing system. The reason for this result is related to the type of data being measured. Because the amount of data collected in a smart home environment is large, the use of cache servers plays a major role in data processing, and association analysis with Apriori algorithms stores highly relevant sensor data in the cache.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.293-299
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• 2007

Intelligent pipeline inspection gauges (PIGs) are inspection vehicles that move along within a (gas or oil) pipeline and acquire signals (also called sensor data) from their surrounding rings of sensors. By analyzing the signals captured in intelligent PIGs, we can detect pipeline defects, such as holes and curvatures and other potential causes of gas explosions. There are two major data access patterns apparent when an analyzer accesses the pipeline signal data. The first is a sequential pattern where an analyst reads the sensor data one time only in a sequential fashion. The second is the repetitive pattern where an analyzer repeatedly reads the signal data within a fixed range; this is the dominant pattern in analyzing the signal data. The existing PIG software reads signal data directly from the server at every user#s request, requiring network transfer and disk access cost. It works well only for the sequential pattern, but not for the more dominant repetitive pattern. This problem becomes very serious in a client/server environment where several analysts analyze the signal data concurrently. To tackle this problem, we devise a fast in-memory cache manager, called T-Cache, by considering pipeline sensor data as multiple time-series data and by efficiently caching the time-series data at T-Cache. To the best of the authors# knowledge, this is the first research on caching pipeline signals on the client-side. We propose a new concept of the signal cache line as a caching unit, which is a set of time-series signal data for a fixed distance. We also provide the various data structures including smart cursors and algorithms used in T-Cache. Experimental results show that T-Cache performs much better for the repetitive pattern in terms of disk I/Os and the elapsed time. Even with the sequential pattern, T-Cache shows almost the same performance as a system that does not use any caching, indicating the caching overhead in T-Cache is negligible.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.19A no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2012

Traditional technologies that are used to improve the performance of hard disk drives show many negative cases if they are applied to solid state drives (SSD). Access time and block sequence in hard disk drives that consist of mechanical components are very important performance factors. Meanwhile, SSD provides superior random read performance that is not affected by block address sequence due to the characteristics of flash memory. Practically, it is recommended to disable prefetching if a SSD is installed in a personal computer. However, this paper presents a combinational method of a prefetching scheme and a memory management that consider the internal structure of SSD and the characteristics of NAND flash memory. It is important that SSD must concurrently operate multiple flash memory chips. The I/O unit size of NAND flash memory tends to increase and it exceeded the block size of operating systems. Hence, the proposed prefetching scheme performs in an operating unit of SSD. To complement a weak point of the prefetching scheme, the proposed memory management scheme adaptively evicts uselessly prefetched data to maximize the sum of cache hit rate and prefetch hit rate. We implemented the proposed schemes as a Linux kernel module and evaluated them using a commercial SSD. The schemes improved the I/O performance up to 26% in a given experiment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.619-621
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• 2002

90년대 중반에 등장한 그리드(GRID)는 지역적으로 분산되어 있으며 소유자가 서로 다른 다양한 컴퓨팅 자원의 효과적인 공유를 목적으로 하며, 시스템의 구축에 필요한 스케쥴링, 자원 관리, 보안, 성능 측정 및 상태 모니터링 등의 문제를 해결하기 위한 다양한 미들웨어 및 개발 도구가 연구되고 있다. 그리드 시스템에서 사용되는 데이터는 FTP 서버, 파일 시스템, 데이터베이스 등 여러 장치에 저장되어 개별적인 인터페이스를 통해 접근된다. 각각의 인터페이스론 통하여 접근하므로 사용 방법이 어렵고 확장성이 떨어지는 단점이 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여, 본 연구에서는 데이터베이스, FTP, 파일 시스템에 산재한 그리드 데이터를 동시에 지원하고, URL을 통해 단일 인퍼페이스로 접근하게 해 주며, 3계층 구조와 데이터 캐시를 이용하여 성능과 확장성을 제공하는 시스템을 구현한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.566-569
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• 2011

플래시 메모리는 많은 장점들로 인하여 저장장치로써 각광을 받고 있다. 하지만 그런 장점들과 더불어 약점이 있기 때문에 이를 보안하기 위하여 많은 FTL 기법들이 연구되었다. FTL은 주소 변환 테이블을 플래시 메모리에 기록하고 SRAM에 유지해야 한다. 이것은 플래시 메모리의 용량이 급격하게 증가하면서 주소 변환 테이블의 크기도 함께 증가하여 비용상 문제가 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 플래시 메모리를 관리할 때 페이지 기반 FTL 기법을 사용하여 데이터가 플래시 메모리에 어떤 위치던지 자유롭게 저장되게 함으로써 저장 효율을 높였다. 또한 SRAM의 크기를 줄이기 위하여 페이지 기반 주소 변환 테이블 전체를 SRAM에 올리는 것이 아닌 필요한 부분만 페이지 변환 캐시 에 올리고 나머지 주소 변환 테이블은 플래시 메모리에 로그블록 FTL 기법으로 기록하였다. 이러한 이중적인 FTL 기법을 적용함으로써 제안한 기법은 페이지 기반 DFTL 기법과 비교하여 반응 시간은 56.9% 감소하였고 SRAM의 사용량은 10% 정도로 유지하였다.