• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.431-438
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• 2019

In this research, the proper number of entrances in the evacuation facilities for civil and military personnel was determined by using parametric study and regression analysis. The current standards on the emergency evacuation facility only set the number of possible evacuees and the architectural floor area after the evacuation have been completed. On the other hand, there are needs to consider the dynamic standards along with allowable evacuation time such as the number of entrance, staircases and so on rather than the static standards such as the floor area. The number of entrances and their location are required in order to account for the allowed evacuation time of particular number of people in a set area. The results of this research could be contributed to the standards which should contain the dynamic conditions associated with evacuation.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.571-580
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• 2021

When constructing railway stations, gates shall be located in appropriate locations for convenient use. However, to reduce construction costs, the number of gates was minimized and the location was not appropriately placed to the direction of many users. This study proposed a method to calculate the benefits of additional gate installations using the improvement of pedestrian traffic flow, occupied area and travel time as economic effects. In particular, a method of estimating the percentage of people using certain gates and the number of people by route within the station was proposed. This method was applied to analyze the effect of additional gates to Gwang-myeong Station on the Shinansan Line, which is to be opened in 2025. The effect has only improved in mobility. The first year of its opening was estimated at 5.91 billion won for mobility and 75.8 billion won for cost, and the B/C was 1.21 for 30 years after its opening. It is expected that this method will be applied to systematic effect analysis when additional gates are installed at unopened railway stations as well as existing railway stations.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.715-725
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• 2021

When constructing railway stations, gates shall be located in appropriate locations for convenient use. However, to reduce construction costs, the number of gates was minimized and the location was not appropriately placed to the direction of many users. This study proposed a method to calculate the benefits of additional gate installations using the improvement of pedestrian traffic flow, occupied area and travel time as economic effects. In particular, a method of estimating the percentage of people using certain gates and the number of people by route within the station was proposed. This method was applied to analyze the effect of additional gates to Gwang-myeong Station on the Shinansan Line, which is to be opened in 2025. The effect has only improved in mobility. The first year of its opening was estimated at 5.91 billion won for mobility and 75.8 billion won for cost, and the B/C was 1.21 for 30 years after its opening. It is expected that this method will be applied to systematic effect analysis when additional gates are installed at unopened railway stations as well as existing railway stations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.129-130
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• 2019

In this research, we determine the proper number of entrances in the evacuation facilities for civil and military personnel. The current standards on the emergency evacuation facility only sets the number of possible evacuees and the according architectural floor area since the evacuation have been completed. However, other than static standards such as the floor area, there is needs to consider the dynamic standards along with allowable evacuation time such as the number of entrance, staircases and so on. Therefore, we need to consider the number of entrances and their location in order to account for the allowed evacuation time of particular number of people in a set area. The outcome could be contributed to the standards which should contain the dynamic conditions associated with evacuation.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.419-425
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• 2021

This study analyzed the safety of evacuation according to the number of exits and the direction of evacuation routes with evacuation simulations of the Pathfinder in case of a fire at a highway service area. It was also analyzed of the difference in RSET by comparing the single or double types of the exit of a facility. The results were as follows. When only one direction exit was opened, all of the RSET were exceeded. When two or more different directions were opened according to the general principle of evacuation, all results met the RSET. The simulations showed that two or more different directions were more shortened in RSET than the one same direction. The result of the types of doors showed that the single type door was shortened in RSET rather than the double type doors. For the evacuation safety in a fire at the highway service areas, firstly, it is necessary to secure two or more exits in a fire at all times. Secondly, the exits should not be same directions. Finally, it is suggested that the exit should be installed with a single type of door.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.1966-1972
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• 2011

Optical flow estimation based on multi constraint approaches is frequently used for recognition of moving objects. This paper proposed the method to monitor passenger boarding using image processing when a train is operated based on Automatic Train Operation(ATO). The movement of passenger can be detected to compare two images, one is a basic image and another is immediately captured by CCTV. Optical Flow helps to find the movement of passenger when two images are compared. The movement of passenger is one of important informations for ATO system because it needs to decide door status.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.735-744
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• 2016

This study attempted quantitative analysis by space syntax on the plan of a non-hierarchical arrangement, which selected SANAA's work after Almere Stadt Theater, and analyzed the difference in the quantitative value of the non-hierarchical arrangement in plan that appears externally. The analysis results were as follows. First, SANAA's spaces with a non-hierarchical arrangement plan that appears externally showed a definite quantitative value difference, and had a hierarchical space difference in the plan that does not appear externally. Second, the spaces with a high integration value also had a high connectivity value, which is indicated by increasing the number of space openings using the method of giving hierarchy to the non-hierarchical arrangement plan or adjusting the size of the room or location to grant hidden hierarchy. Third, SANAA used exterior corridor rather than interior corridor in grid-type plan to solve the accessibility problem, and the open coat spaces between rooms provide natural lighting and ventilation and are used as equipment that controls the hidden hierarchy of space at the same time.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.27
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• pp.7-30
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• 2011

Shoplifting causes serious losses to not only stores but also to consumers and society as a whole. There need to be effective society-wide measures to control shoplifting due to its characteristic of playing the role as a stepping stone to induce more serious crimes. However, there is a lack of research on shoplifting in Korea, especially the research analyzing situational factors to suggest effective alternative measures for shoplifting prevention. Therefore, the current study surveyed teenagers, the group known to be the most frequent shoplifters, to see their perception of effectiveness of the situational crime prevention methods used in stores. The result showed that the teenagers found only some of the prevention methods effective, including CCTV, Electronic Article Surveillance(EAS), minimization of blind areas, and watchful clerks. However, factors such as the number of doors and their accessibility and presence of security guards were not perceived to be very effective. Using the result of the survey, this study suggests ways to utilize situational crime prevention methods more effectively to deter shoplifting.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

Urban Green space takes charge of the important role for the physical activity and promotion of health to the residents. Therefore, this study is trying to examine the relationship between the various characteristics of green space and green space usage for physical activity and health promotion. A questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain the information about patterns of green space usage and perceived neighborhood environments for the residents living in Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do(n=541). Geographic Information System(GIS) was used to construct spatial data about green space accessibility and physical neighborhood environments. A Multiple Linear Regression model was used to examine the association between the characteristics of green space and physical activity, perceived health status and BMI(Body Mass Index). The study results revealed that the residents' physical activities are positively and directly influenced by the number of available public parks and green spaces in the vicinity(${\leq}200m$). The frequency at which residents witness others exercising nearby or the perceived abundance of low-cost gym facilities also factor as positive influences. The closer to the park, the higher the number of parks and area of green spaces, the more comfortable the walk thereto and the denser the neighboring residential area distribution, the perceived health level was found to be the more positively influenced. Further, it was verified that BMI is correlated with the number of public parks and green spaces within 400 m of the resident's home as well as the safety of walkways, the density of neighboring residential areas, the ratio of road, and the density of crosswalk. The significant multiple regression models between the characteristics of green spaces and physical activities and perceived health level were extracted within the significance level of 10%. This study will contribute to provide better understanding the ways in which green space and neighborhood characteristics are associated with physical activity and health. The result of this research will be available in the landscape architecture plan aimed at improving the use of green space for physical activity and reducing obesity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.28-39
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze users' behavior and facility satisfaction and to suggest the practical solution plans for environmental improvement of trails in Suseong recreation park in Daegu. Therefore, satisfaction factor analysis on trails was carried out based on a field and questionnaire survey in Suseong recreation park. First, from users' behavior, 48% of users visited Suseong recreation park for walking. The greatest response to number of visits was once or twice a week, and average use time per visit was 80.4 minutes. In terms of trails, the greater responses to the number of visits were once(38.1%) or more than 5 times(23.8%), and average use time was 45.4 minutes. According to the results from the analysis of facility satisfaction, management condition, length, slope, and adjacent natural landscape of trails were evaluated at a satisfaction rate higher than 3.4 points. However, water pollution, and number of exits and parking lots were analyzed at a low rate of 2.75 and 2.78 points, respectively. In terms of analyzing determining factors of facility satisfaction for trails, use of facilities, walking convenience, surrounding landscapes, amenities, and noise had a significantly positive effect on satisfaction. In particular, walking convenience was the highest effect factor; its standardized coefficient was 0.533. The findings from this study can contribute to the improvement of the physical environment for trails of Suseong recreation park and provide basic data for plan and maintenance of similar waterside trails.