• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.98-108
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of limited methods, economics and breeding appropriateness of native and imported ground cover plants in the methodology of a shallow soil rooftop garden. The new shallow soil rooftop gardening method uses a total of 13cm in soil thickness, including 4.5cm of top soil on a 7.5cm rock-wool-mat stacked onto a 1cm roll-type-draining plate. The total construction cost for each method of soil level within the design price standard for SEDUM BLOCK is 89,433won/$m^2$, and for DAKU is 92,550won/$m^2$. By comparing those two methods, the construction cost of the shallow soil artificial foundation methodology is 45,000won/$m^2$; this shows the new method is 50% less expensive than the existing method of shallow soil rooftop gardening. The experiment was executed on the rooftop of the Korean National Housing Corporation to ensure validity of the shallow soil artificial foundation planting, and the sample plants which were imported and grown now in native covering. A list investigating the growing plants was made of the cover rate in each plant class, both while alive and the dry plant weight. The native ground cover plants, Sedum kamtschaticum, Sedum middendorffianum, Allium senescens, Sedum sarmentosum, Aquilegia buergariana, and Caryopteris incana increased the cover rate, live weight and dry weight in the shallow soil artificial foundation method. Among the imported cover plants, Sedum sprium and Sedum reflexum, the cover rate increased and growth conditions improved. However, some species needed weed maintenance. After examination with the less expensive shallow soil artificial foundation method and growth analysis, it was found that rooftop gardens are a low-cost option and the growth of plants is great. This result shows the new method can contribute to the proliferation of rooftop gardens in urban settings.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.29-44
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• 1999

Vegetation structure and distribution of the vascular hydrophytes and hygrophytes, and the growth pattern, standing crop and amounts of nutrient uptake by Salix species were investigated in the upper stream wetlands of the Namgang-Dam, Chinju-city, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea from April to November in 1997. The flora was composed of 43 hydrophytes and 241 hygrophytes, or total 284 vascular plants. The life forms of the hydrophytes were classified as 27 kinds of emergent plants, 4 floating-leaved plants, 3 free-floating plants, and 9 submersed plants. In the herb layer, the dominant species was Persicaria hyciropiper, and the ranges of the species diversity indices (H'), equitabilities, (J') and community similarity indices (CCs) were 1.59~1.89, 0.87~0.96, and 0.35~0.83, respectively. In the shrub and subtree layers, 17 kinds of Salix species were supposed to the pioneer plants at the early stage of the succession. The number of branches per main stem of Salix species was 5.0. The DBH class-frequency histograms of Salix species were the reverse J type, and the natural regeneration of the Salix community was expected. Basal area of Salix species per square meter was $24.87cm^2$. Volume of Salix species per square meter was $12,008cm^3$ and total phytomass of the Salix species was estimated as 12,894 ton. Biomass distribution of Salix species in the stem, the branch and twig, and the leaf was 64.1%, 28.1%, and 7.8%, respectively. The amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus absorbed by Salix species were 68,022 and 19,823 kg. It was recommended that application and conservation of the wetland and other counterplans are indispensable to reduce the adverse effects of water pollution and to preserve the wetland ecosystem.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.2 s.75
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• pp.253-258
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• 2006

Garlic is a perennial herb primarily distributed throughout the world. These plants are regarded as a medically and agricultural important crop in the world. The genetic relationships between cultivated and wild species were investigated at the population levels by constructing tree based on ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeats) markers. In addition, ISSR analysis was also conducted to estimate genetic diversity and population structure of these species. Three wild garlic populations in Korea were found to have more alleles per locus (mean 1.672 vs. 1.510) higher percent polymorphic locus (67.2 vs. 51.0), and higher diversity (0.250 vs. 0.198) than three cultivated populations. The cultivated and wild species in Korea are well separated from each other at phylogenetic trees. Although there is not direct evidence that A. victorialis is an ancestor of Korean A. sativum, there is a possibility that cultivated A. sativum in Korea has evolved from wild A. victorialis in Korea. Populations of A. victorialis may be useful in germ-plasm classification and evolutionary process.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.178-190
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• 1977

The experimental forest of Cbungnam National University is located in Naryung-Ri, Eunsan-Myen, Buyeo-Gun, Chungcheongnamdo. The climax vegetations of Quercus species grown in centrual temperate zone are supposed to be destroyed before pure pine stands as a semi-climax vegetation are established on the southern aspect and along the ridges. Variability of vegetations is rather high and dominant species are such as Pinus densiflora, Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, Quercus aliena, Quercus serrata, Lindera erythrocarpa, Platycarya strobilacea, and so on. There tare 203 woody plants and 128 herbal plants. According to the use of vegetations they can be classified as follows; 60 familia and 154 species for edible source, 63 familia and 143 species for medicinal, 51 familia and 140 species for forage, 32 familia and 78 species for ornamental, and 12 familia and 27 species for timber source.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.97-100
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• 1975

Korean white pine (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. & Zucc.), native to Korea and currently the most important timber species in Korea is being threatened by a blister rust discase caused by a Cronartium species. The fungus has been tentatively identified as Cronartium ribicola Fischer. The fungus alternates between P. koraiensis and Pedicularis resupinata L. (a herbaceous perennial) under natural conditions in Korea although experimentally it has been shown to infect several Ribes species. The taxonomic diagnosis of the causal fungus is not fully resolved. A review of the status of this rust disease on P. koraiensis and other possible hosts in Korea and its potential international significance along with present work underway in Korea is discussed.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.5-5
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• 2012

들깨는 아직 식물학적으로 분류는 되어 잇지 않으나 일반 식물분류학상 꿀풀과(진형과(唇形科); Labiatae)에 속하는 1년생 초본으로 동부 아시아지역이 원산지로 한국, 일본, 중국 동북부 등의 저위도 지역에서 광지역성 작물로 생육온도가 $10{\sim}15^{\circ}C$ 사이에서는 광합성 속도가 거의 변화가 없고 $20^{\circ}C$에서 최대에 이르며 $25^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서는 급격히 떨어지는 것으로 보고되어 있다. 들깨의 생육 적온은 $20^{\circ}C$ 전후로 벼, 옥수수 등 다른 여름작물에 비해 낮으며, 온도에 대한 반응은 매우 둔감한 반면, 광량에는 아주 민감하게 반응하는 기름작물이다. 우리나라의 농서에는 이조시대인 1429년 정초(鄭招)의 농사직설(農事直說)에서 들깨를 유마(油麻), 수임자(水荏子)로 기록한 이래 여러 문헌에 임(荏), 임자(荏子), 수임(水荏), 수소마(水蘇麻), 유마(油麻), 지마(脂麻) 등으로 불리워져 왔다. 예로부터 들깨는 쓰임새도 다양하여 식용기름, 등화용 이외에도 잎에서 나는 독특한 냄새를 가축들이 싫어하여 농작물을 보호하기 위한 목적으로 밭 둘레에 심거나 기상재해로 소득 작물 재배가 어려울 때 대파작물(代播作物)로 이용되어 왔다. 세계적으로 한국인만 식용으로 즐겨 사용하는 들깨가 근래에는 경제성장으로 국민 소비형태가 다양화되는 추세로 들깨를 종실뿐 아니라 신선 잎채소로 이용하는 양이 크게 증가하고 있으며 들깨기름에 들어있는 ${\alpha}$-리놀렌산이 오메가-3 지방산으로서 고혈압 등의 성인병 예방과 학습능력향상에 효과적이라는 사실이 밝혀짐에 따라 들깨를 이용한 오메가3 계란, 오메가3 두유 등 다양하게 건강식품으로 응용되고 최근 동물성 어류에서 추출하던 오메가-3 해양 오염. 프랑크톤의 먹이사슬 등의 환경문제로 들깨기름의 식물성 오메가-3로 대체하는 영향이 세계적으로 인식되기 시작하여 우리 한국 들깨의 우수성을 세계인들에게 널리 알리는데 노력하여야 하고 국내에서 농촌에 들깨 심기을 보다 확대하여 소득작물로 육성하여야 한다고 본다. 들깨는 식물 유지류 작물중 오메가-3가 가장 많은 60%이상의 함유량으로 기능성 건강 보조식품의 원료 및 사료로 이용되는 등 새로운 소득 작물로 자리 잡아가고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2001

This study was conducted to analyse the relation between physical characteristics of soil surface and wild plants occurrence. Lots of natural occurrence on loamy soil and a little of natural occurrence on perlite. Those were used to observe the wild plants occurrence through the duration. Natural occurrence of wild plants were observed on uniform sand, perlite, loamy soil and 2cms loamy soil layer above the perlite. Uniform sand was compared with different height of drain ditch. The results of analysis were as followed. 1. Wild plants germinated on the uniform perlite layer, they did not grow larger. Because water in large pores of perlite surface drained rapidly and evaporated easily, therefore surface remained low moisture contents. 2. A lot of weed grew on 2cms loamy layer on perlite which stratified above the perlite layer. Because perlite had plenty of soil moisture and soil moisture moved easily from perlite to loamy soil layer. 3. Uniform loamy soil had similar occurrence on the uniform perlite. It was nearly same at surface moisture distribution but lower than layered loamy soil on perlite, and the vertical distributions at soil moisture was totally lower than 2cms loamy soil layer on perlite. 4. Wild plants were grew on uniform sand on different height of drain ditch. In this case, much more wild plants were grew on which had more higher drainage ditch. The number of wild plants occurred when it was affected by soil surface moisture, drain ditch and natural occurrence of wild plants. This could be controlled by layered soil at surface moisture. Therefore weed occurrence can control in planting ground, where soil layer would not be disturbed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.2
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• pp.300-308
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• 2015

Landscape planning system established in 2007. It is necessary that forest landscape management will be established based on the long-term and wide scope plan for forest management. This study suggested the considering factor while the establishing forest landscape plan for forest characteristics. Forest landscape type was consisted of 4 medium classification(geographical resources, waterscape, forest resources, cultural resources) and 12 small classification(geographical resources: panorama of ridge, ridge of curious rock peaks, waterscape: waterfall, valley, lake, forest resources: crown layer scenery, royal azaleas of main ridge, autumnal tints of ridge slope, flowers in herbaceous plants, inside of forest, forest trail scenery, cultural resources: facilities). This study suggested that consideration on 6 functions of forest in landscape zone planning and forest landscape management plan each classification (main ridge, sense of season, waterscape, rock resources).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.71-82
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• 2018

This study was conducted to provide ecological basic data that use to establish environmental conditions for cultivation of wild vegetables in 2016-2018. Therefore, we investigated the vegetation structure and the correlation between the community structure and the environmental factors for natural habitats of wild vegetables(Aster glehni, Allium ochotense, and Aruncus sylvester) distributed in Ulleungdo. As a result of population and gradient analysis, the vegetation was classified into Aster glehni community, Allium ochotense community, and Aruncus sylvester community. We confirmed that the classification by population analysis was consistent with that by TWINSPAN method, suggesting that they were complemented each other. The importance value of Aster glehni was the highest in all communities, followed by Aruncus sylvester, Allium ochotense, Hydrangea petiolaris, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Asperula ldorata, Phryma leptostachya var. asiatica, Disporum viridrescens, Hedera rhombea, Anthriscus sylvestris, and Hepatica maxima. According to the results of DCCA ordination analysis, among those communities, the Aster glehni community was distributed in soil where the nutrition including T-N and O.M. were intermediate. The Allium ochotense community was distributed on the a little high northern slope at the highest altitude where the CEC and O.M. were the highest, and other nutrition and pH were low. The Aruncus sylvester was distributed on high slope and altitude on which the amount of exchangeable cation such as $Ca^{{+}{+}}$, $Mg^{{+}{+}}$ and pH were high, and the CEC, $P_2O_5$, and O.M. were the lowest.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.185-191
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• 2013

The damage of citrus by Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood appears to have increased since 2007 in Jeju, although the characteristics of seasonal abundance are not clear. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between host plants and the seasonal abundance of S. dorsalis, observing plants distributed around citrus orchards. The host plants of S. dorsalis surrounding citrus orchards were determined to include 32 families, 54 species: 39 woody plant species and 15 herbaceous plant species. The host plants which related to the occurrence of 1st generation of S. dorsalis were Lonicera japonica, Clematis apiifolia, Hedera rhombea, and Viburnum awabuki. The occurrence of 1st generation S. dorsalis was estimated to be due to overwintered female adults having laid eggs into those plants from late March to early April, and the new adults having emerged from late April to late May. The host plants which were associated with fruit damage of citrus were Mallotus japonicus, and Camellia japonica, as well as creeping plants such as Clematis apiifolia, Paederia scandens and Cayratia japonica. The adult phase density of S. dorsalis caught on yellow-color sticky traps placed on the citrus trees on the edge of the citrus orchard. S. dorsalis were predominantly 3rd generation from late of June to early of July, and 6th generation from late of August to early of September, and their numbers were directly related to the degree of damage caused to the citrus fruit. The density of S. dorsalis depended on the number of new growing shoots of host plants, which indicated that the immigration of adults of S. dorsalis to the citrus was based in the suitability of host plants surrounding the orchards.