• School Mathematics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.69-88
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• 2006

It is well known that the low achievement students are easily affected by the ways how the materials are organized and presented. So the studies on trying to find how those students' responses are differed according to the organization or presentation of the materials are necessary. This paper was based on the results of Korean Elementary 3 Grade Students National Diagnosis Assessment on Basic Scholastic Ability in area of mathematics. We analyzed students responses through combining the percents of correct answers with the assessment items. After that, we identified the properties of low achievement students in mathematics and presented some guides which, we thought, are helpful for improvements of mathematics textbooks and teacher guide books.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2005

According to the recent investigation, the 4th grade students' eyesight weakness was occurred on a large scale in primary school. To improve the classroom illumination environment which affects students' eyesight weakness of the 4th grade student, an analysis of illumination environment and an eyesight acuity for the whole 4th year students was held. In four out of the whole classrooms, each improvement work in illumination has done using different types of luminaires. Re-test of eyesight was held for students who studied under the improved illumination environment for 10 months and students under the environment not improved. Comparative analysis of the results which was obtained from re-test and measurements was carried out. Consequently, influence on the eyesight variation by classroom illumination was analysed and the improvement of classroom illumination was researched.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.5337-5346
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• 2011

Recently there have been the various trials going on that public facilities such as city hall, kindergarten, pubic library and so on are designed by Han-ok(韓屋) style. And it is necessary to apply Korean traditional wooden structure to such a various demands. Based on such situation and needs this paper aims to draw a example design proposal for Han-ok style elementary school which is located in Asan new town. The building scope is total 24 classes consist of 4 classes each grade. The Usual type is adopted to the lower grade classrooms which are Han-ok style using the composition of La-gung(羅宮) as a architectural precedent.

• School Mathematics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.245-266
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• 2011

In this study, we surveyed on the 3rd and 4th grade teachers' perception and teaching practices towards open-ended question in the elementary mathematics textbook in the revised 7th curriculum. According to the result, teachers understood the purpose of open-ended question in general, but they recognized some problems in terms of open-ended question itself, difficulties found when they dealt with open-ended question in their classes, teacher's guide and teacher training. This research suggests ways of improvement of open-ended question on the basis of the survey results.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.329-350
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• 2017

This paper examined vocabulary used in elementary mathematics textbooks and workbooks for the grade band of 5~6. This study focused on the adequacy of vocabulary using 9-degree of semantic difficulty. The results of this study showed that most vocabulary in the textbooks and workbooks was adequate for the target grades. In some cases, however, vocabulary that was supposed to be difficult for the fifth and sixth graders was employed in a way that the meaning of such vocabulary was difficult for students to infer in the given context. The most frequent vocabularies in the main activities of the mathematics textbooks included 'method', 'investigate', 'number', 'communicate', and 'represent'. Based on these results, this study provides 5~6 grade textbook writers with implications on what to further consider in dealing with vocabulary in instructional materials.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.01a
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• pp.140-145
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 초등학교 컴퓨터 교육의 문제점에 대한 대안으로 구성주의 이론을 바탕으로 한 PBL을 초등학교 컴퓨터 교육에 적용하여 학습자의 컴퓨터 활용 능력 수준에 따라 문제 해결 과정에 미치는 영향을 분석해 보았다. PBL 모형에 따라 초등학교 3학년 즐거운 컴퓨터 내용 중 3단원 소프트웨어의 활용의 내용을 재구성하여 실험처치 하였다. 실험 결과 문제 해결 과정에 있어서 문제의 이해 단계와 해결책 고안 단계에는 PBL이 컴퓨터 활용 능력 상위 수준의 학습자에게, 해결책의 평가 단계에는 컴퓨터 활용 능력 하위 수준의 학습자에게 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.83-99
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• 2000

This paper purposes to provide a new perspective for better development of geography texts. For this purpose, we have applied spatial cognition development theory to children's drawings. We have suggested that children's spatial operation ability has three development stages according to their age: topological space, projective space, euclidean space. This study turns out that Piaget and Inhelder's spatial concept development theory is on the right track. However, we make clear that their division according to the age is not always accurate due to children's individual differences. These findings have educational implications as the following: First, it is dubious that most children can understand pictures, pictorial maps and illustrations in the third grader's textbook. Second, current textbooks require pictorial map understanding and drawing to third grade students and map drawing to fourth grade students. However, according to this study, the placement of these tasks are not fit for children's developmental stage because both tasks correspond to euclidean space operation. Therefore, we should remove them from the textbook for children at the age.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.1273-1284
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze the examples represented in school science textbooks by the function types for students' scientific conceptions. According to the framework of analysis, we selected lacking examples in the textbooks, and developed a questionnaire for students. The questionnaire was applied to 157 third grade students to survey their conceptions related to matter states and change of states. The ratio of students' scientific conceptions related to solid the state was high because distinct examples were represented in the textbook. However, the ratios of students' scientific conceptions related to the liquid and gas states were low because there were no distinct examples in the science textbook. Contrast examples and expansive examples of liquid and gas such as fog and steam need to be represented in science textbooks in order to help students construct scientific conceptions of matter states and change of states.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.01a
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• pp.67-73
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• 2011

In the basis on the revised Information and Communications Technology guidelines at elementary and middle school, it is newly emphasized in 3rd stage of ICT guidelines that the programming education is needed to cope with information-oriented society at the elementary school. But, it is a little difficult for the young students to learn how to make program. In this paper, we suggest a programming education curriculum with Scratch Language and educational contents for the elementary student.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.461-483
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• 2017

The ability to think mathematically and to reason inductively are basics of logical reasoning and the most important skill which students need to acquire through their Math curriculum in elementary school. For these reasons, we need to conduct an analysis in their procedure in inductive reasoning and find difficulties thereof. Therefore, through this study, I found parts which covered inductive reasoning in their Math curriculum and analyzed the abilities and characteristics of students in solving a problem through inductive reasoning.