• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.569-575
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• 2014

Since 2009 the number of users of smart phones and tablet PC is growing exponentially. In particular Apple's iOS and Google's Android OS are the heart of this remarkable growth, most of smart phone and tablet PC are designed to operate based on these two OS. Such increasing use of smart devices has led to changes in the social environment that allows, without the constraints of time and place. However, such development does not supply only ease to do something, even compared to past, financial fraud and information leakage are easier than before by variety of new types of attack for example phishing, pharming, smishing and qshing. So according to this paper, analyzes for smishing attack, propose a countermeasure system of the technical way and proved its higher performance compare to the existing method.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.204-204
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• 2011

최근에 들어 도시화와 이상기후의 영향으로 유역에서의 유출특성과 오염물질 발생특성이 변화하고 있어 이에 따라 체계적인 유역 관리가 요구되고 있다. 우리나라는 하천 및 호소에 대한 수질 관리를 생활하수, 공장폐수 등 점오염원을 중심으로 수질관리정책 및 대책을 추진하여 왔으나, 오염물질의 상당량은 비점오염원에서 유발되고 있다. 또한 오염총량제의 실시 이후 국내에서는 비점오염원 관리의 중요성이 점오염원에 비해 상대적으로 높아짐으로서 유역수질모델링의 중요성을 인식하고 있으며, 비점오염원에 관련된 연구도 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이를 위해 유역의 유출 및 수질 분석을 효율적으로 하기 위해 유역간 물질의 교환 및 전달이 유역 규모에 따라 얼마나 높은 정확성을 나타내는지를 분석하고 이를 검토하여 효과적인 유역수질모델링의 방법이 제시되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 통합적 수질관리의 필요성 증대에 따라, 유역 내 수문 순환 및 비점 오염원의 발생 거동을 정량적으로 분석할 수 있는 HSPF(Hydrologic Simulation Program - Fortran) 모형을 통해 오염총량 단위유역을 각각의 소유역으로 순차적으로 모의하여 검 보정을 수행 후 그 결과로 계산된 매개변수들을 단위유역 전체에 대한 분석에 입력하여 수행한 모의 결과와 비교 평가하였다. 또한, 이를 바탕으로 비점오염원에 의한 유역 내 하천 수질 영향도를 파악하였다. 유량 및 수질해석을 위하여 남강유역의 2004년부터 2007년까지 강우와 기상자료, 유량과 오염원 자료를 수집하여 입력 자료를 구축하였다. 또한, 대상유역에 해당되는 환경기초시설의 방류 유량 및 수질을 유입시킴으로써 HSPF모의가 진행되었다. 하천수질에 영향을 줄 수 있는 비점오염원은 강우 및 기상 관련 자료의 입력을 통하여 유역 내 유출 조건의 초기입력을 수행하였으며, 강우 입력에 따른 유출에 영향을 고려하기 위하여 토지이용 및 토양도를 고려하였다. 그리고 유역의 규모를 고려하였을 때 오염총량 단위유역의 유역 규모에 따라 모의를 실시한 결과를 바탕으로 HSPF 모형의 정확성 여부를 판단하여 정확성이 높은 방법을 선택할 수 있도록 하였다. 모의결과 소유역을 순차적으로 모의한 결과(CaseA)가 전체유역을 모의한 결과(CaseB)보다 실측치와 더 높은 상관계수를 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서의 평가방법을 바탕으로 유역수질모델링이 이루어진다면 추후 비점오염원에 대한 효과적인 관리에 도움이 될 것이며, 모니터링 기법 및 GIS기반 유역관리모델 개발, 4대강 비점오염원 최적관리기법 연구 등에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.43-63
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• 2016

This research analyzes the international standardization process by observing the international communication sources in order to understand the reason of its current poor use. Using the 'organizing theory' frame, we observe the initial discourse on the need of internationalized domain names in ICANN and the process of negotiation for technical choice of layers. Lastly, we take Korean domain names as a case study in order to understand the conflict and the cooperation of different stakeholders. We summarize the factors of failure of IDN as follows. First, the need of IDN in the beginning was raised around non-English speaking countries, in Asia and Middle East, with the discourse on 'digital divide solution and cultural value' ICANN rather pursues the 'technical stability of Internet Infrastructure', which made its standardization take as long as 10 years. As a result, a variety of standards and services are proposed in the marketplace, which engendered inefficient competition and domain name-related disputes such as cybersquatting, technical instability and confusion of users. In addition, the government agencies fail to present the appropriate policies adjusting multiple interests of different stakeholders.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.229-237
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• 1998

We grew the hexagonal GaN films on (100) Si and (00.1) sapphire substrates in the temperature range of $300~730^{\circ}C$ by the direct reaction between thermally ionized N-source and thermally evaporated Ga-source. The GaN growth rates are increased at the initial stage of GaN formation and it was saturated to some values by the coalescence of each crystallites. The oxygen signal was observed in XPS spectra for all the GaN films grown in this work, especially low- temperature grown GaN film may due to incorporation of the residual oxygen in the growth chamber. The surface of low-temperature and shorter time grown films covered only Ga-droplets. however, with increasing the both substrate temperature and the growth time GaN is growth to crystallites. and coalescence to ring-type crystallites. With sufficient supply of N-source, they were changed to platelets. In the PL spectrum measured at 20 K, we observed the impurity related emission at 3.32eV and 3.38eV.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.87-94
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• 2010

Construction projects are based on the actual field, so if the construction schedule that is established in the construction plan is delayed or extended for various reasons, construction companies are vulnerable to claims, and thus strive to complete a building within the planned timeline by shortening the construction time. Therefore, this study surveyed technicians in apartment construction in Gwangju, and studied their perceptions of the actual conditions of process control, construction time needs, goals, and methods. The results showed that the organization of the process control department and professional employees was lacking compared to other regions. The need for construction time was perceived as high, while the reduction of the construction cost was perceived as low. Regarding the reduction goal, they perceived highly the preparation for the delay of construction time and various claims, and for the reduction method, they mentioned the extension of working hours and the increase in employees. Based on the results of this study, technicians should consider that a reduction of construction time not only can make up for a delay in construction, but is also closely related to improvements in production through reduction of cost, and increased international competitiveness.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 2016

Ransomware was a malicious code that active around the US, but now it spreads rapidly all over the world and emerges in korea recently because of exponential computer supply and increase in users. Initially ransomware uses e-mail as an attack medium in such a way that induces to click a file through the spam mail Pam, but it is now circulated through the smart phone message. The current trend is an increase in the number of damage, including attacks such as the domestic large community site by ransomware hangul version. Ransomware outputs a warning message to the user to encrypt the file and leads to monetary damages and demands for payment via bitcoin as virtual currency is difficult to infer the tracking status. This paper presents an analysis and solutions to damage cases caused by ransomware.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.246-253
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• 1989

Hairy roots of carrot were induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes $A_4$ strain within about 2-4 weeks after inoculated from root disc. Early axonic culture is established in RCM agar medium and following is in MS rigid medium. After 15 days culture, the hairy roots were vigrous growth in about 10 times of initial inoculum. Anthocyanin contents of hairy roots were more than of ordinary roots. 2, 4-D ($10^{-4}mg/ l$), sucrose (5%), nitrogen source (0.03M) contained medium was optimized to growth of hairy root and contents of anthocyanin. Phenotypic alterations of leaves are observed in transformed plants and determined the transformation of hairy roots and the transformed plants by opine assay.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.660-672
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• 2007

Today venture holds highly skilled technical manpower and high-tech products. To maintain the superiority in competition in the market, it is necessary to complete preparations, first of all, the effectual global marketing strategy should take precedence over the others. Therefore, this research is based on the research report of the special feature, the state of affairs and marketing strategy of venture business and is made up the questionnaire to interview total 200 companies of venture that was registered in Dec. 2006 and then is made the analysis of relevance of the statistical data of 154 companies of them and set up a hypothesis. As the result of it, it is set up two hypotheses. One of them is the difference of products, price, distribution and promotion according to the growth period. And the other is the difference of distribution and promotion according to the turnover. The venture places the great deal of weight on the discriminatory products concerned technical development and marketing activity. It is pointed out that it is to be passive to seek a new market promote the products, because of limitations of manpower, funds, technology and information in the beginning with smalt turnover.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.107-123
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• 2008

The existing studies of a dialogue system can be classified into two major parts. One is a study for a practical system, and the other is a study to understand a principal of dialogue phenomena. The former focuses on robustness in real environment for dialogue systems. However, it cannot guarantee its performance in complicated dialogue environment. The latter has studied as the plan-based model typically. It has strong points that it can reflect complex dialogue phenomena and can infer user's intention in various situations. However, an initial design of this model is so complicated, and it is difficult for this model to be extended to the interaction model for response generation in a practical dialogue system. This paper proposes a new dialogue modeling using plan recognition and a discourse stark to effectively generate response in a practical dialogue system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.141-152
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• 2015

If we look into genre movie, we can see that almost similar forms are repeated in a movie. Such similar elements are largely divided into three units from a mass of story to a very small camera angle. Those can be explained as Formula, Convention, and Iconography. Among those three, convention means custom and it is a structure or an incident in which one story can be divided into second one. Convention is an incident visualized in individual genre, and a movie director tunes audiences through the incident. The director leads a familiar story but all of a sudden, he transforms the familiar scene to a new story. As a product established from the beginning of movie history, movie convention helps communication between audiences and a director. Audiences familiarize themselves with movie convention through repeated activities of watching movies, and the director utilizes it to provide audiences with familiarity. Director Bong Joon-ho not only tunes audiences through traditional convention but also creates a new art work through transformation of convention. A study is conducted on how he used traditional convention and transformation to get a new idea and to engage in his work through his work .