• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2021

Purpose Brown fat, or brown adipose tissue (BAT), is involved in non-shivering thermogenesis and creates heat through glucose metabolism. BAT activation occurs stochastically by internal factors such as age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) and external factors such as temperature and environment. In this study, as a retrospective, electronic medical record (EMR) observation study, statistical analysis is conducted to confirm BAT activation and various factors. Materials and Methods From January 2018 to December 2019, EMR of patients who underwent PET/CT scan at the National Cancer Center for two years were collected, a total of 9155 patients were extracted, and 13442 case data including duplicate scan were targeted. After performing a univariable logistic regression analysis to determine whether BAT activation is affected by the environment (outdoor temperature) and the patient's condition (BMI, cancer type, sex, and age), A multivariable regression model that affects BAT activation was finally analyzed by selecting univariable factors with P<0.1. Results BAT activation occurred in 93 cases (0.7%). According to the results of univariable logistic regression analysis, the likelihood of BAT activation was increased in patients under 50 years old (P<0.001), in females (P<0.001), in lower outdoor temperature below 14.5℃ (P<0.001), in lower BMI (P<0.001) and in patients who had a injection before 12:30 PM (P<0.001). It decreased in higher BMI (P<0.001) and in patients diagnosed with lung cancer (P<0.05) In multivariable results, BAT activation was significantly increased in patients under 50 years (P<0.001), in females (P<0.001) and in lower outdoor temperature below 14.5℃ (P<0.001). It was significantly decreased in higher BMI (P<0.05). Conclusion A retrospective study of factors affecting BAT activation in patients who underwent PET/CT scan for 2 years at the National Cancer Center was conducted. The results confirmed that BAT was significantly activated in normal-weight women under 50 years old who underwent PET/CT scan in weather with an outdoor temperature of less than 14.5℃. Based on this result, the patient applied to the factor can be identified in advance, and it is thought that it will help to reduce BAT activation through several studies in the future.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to privide basic data for footwear development according to walking mechanics by comparing gait cycle difference between barefoot walking and walking shoes. The walking period was measured in 30 normal adult women with no foot deformity and abnormality. The first subject walked in sneakers and measured the cycle. And then, the subjects walked barefoot and the period was measured to obtain data. The data were taken form corresponding paired T-test. The results were as follows: In barefoot walking, the stance phase left side(p <.001), right side(p <.005), the loading response left side(p <.009), right side(p <.002) ), the pre-swing left side(p <.002), right side (p <.011), the double stance phase(p <.004) were increased and the mid-stance left side (p <.016), right side(p. 001), the swing phase left side(p<.001) was decreased. This suggests that barefoot walking increases the input of various senses of the foot, which makes stable walking possible. It is necessary to improve shoes based on the walking cycle in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.581-588
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• 2017

This study was conducted to determine which factors would predict metabolic syndrome (MetS) perception and exercise by applying a machine learning classifier, or Extreme Gradient Boosting algorithm (XGBoost) from July 2014 to December 2015. Data were obtained from the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS), representing different community-dwelling Korean adults 19 years and older, from 2009 to 2013. The dataset includes 370,430 adults. Outcomes were categorized as follows based on the perception of MetS and physical activity (PA): Stage 1 (no perception, no PA), Stage 2 (perception, no PA), and Stage 3 (perception, PA). Features common to all questionnaires for the last 5 years were selected for modeling. Overall, there were 161 features, categorical except for age and the visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). We used the Extreme Boosting algorithm in R programming for a model to predict factors and achieved prediction accuracy in 0.735 submissions. The top 10 predictive factors in Stage 3 were: age, education level, attempt to control weight, EQ mobility, nutrition label checks, private health insurance, EQ-5D usual activities, anti-smoking advertising, EQ-VAS, education in health centers for diabetes, and dental care. In conclusion, the results showed that XGBoost can be used to identify factors influencing disease prevention and management using healthcare bigdata.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.63-70
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• 2011

In this paper, we proposed a method for estimating energy expenditure using the unfixed axis of the accelerometer. Most studies adopted waist-placement because of the fact that the waist is close to the center of mass of a whole human body. But we adopted pocket-placement, which is capable of using unfixed axis of sensor, that is more convenient than conventional methods. To evaluate the proposed method, 28 male subjects performed walking and running on a motor driven treadmill. All of subject put on the indirect calorimeter and fixed accelerometer, then data were simultaneously measured during exercise. The regression analysis was performed using the test group(n=20) and the regression equation was applied to the control group(n=8). A strong linear relationship between energy expenditure and unfixed accelerometer signal was found. Futhermore, the coefficient of determination was significantly reliable($R^2$=0.98) and showed zero of p-value. The error of energy expenditure estimation between indirect calorimeter and two types of accelerometer was 15.0%(fixed) and 17.0%(unfixed) respectively. These results show the possibilities that the unfixed accelerometer can be used in estimating the energy expenditure during exercise.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.267-276
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• 2015

The gallbladder(GB) polyps have malignant potential and nowadays are increasing due to the extended use of ultrasonography. Even though there are various reports on the risk of GB polyps, there is few study on the relationship between the presence of metabolic syndrome including serum biochemistry, lifestyle and the development of gallbladder polyps in korean population. The aim of this study is to establish a relationship between the presence of metabolic syndrome including serum biochemistry and the development of gallbladder polyps in korean population. This study conducted on 151 men and 167 women who visited a musculoskeletal hospital in Gyeonggido to have an ultrasound scan of the abdomen from November 2, 2012 to January 31, 2014. They are randomly selected to evaluate the prevalence risk factors were analyzed by comparing various variables between the GB polyp positive and negative. The collected data were analyzed using the personal computer program SPSS version 20.0 for windows. The mean size of the GB polyps was 3.92mm in diameter. Size of GB polyps were less than 10mm in diameter. As to frequency in the people with the GB polyps, the number of patients with the GB polyps was 184(57.9%): the number of metabolic syndrome of them was 114(26.4%); these results showed that risk of the GB polyps got higher at patients with metabolic syndrome. As to the risk of the GB polyps, people with the GB polyps had significantly higher risk than those without the GB polyps, as follows: The risk was significantly 1.061 times higher by weight; 1.186 by BMI; 1.060 by systolic blood pressure; 1.030 by diastolic blood pressure; 1,009 by Total cholesterol; 2.736 by metabolic syndrome; 1.011 by blood sugar on an empty stomach; 1.064 by ESR. The risk factors of GB polyps were found to be weight, BMI, total cholesterol, Triglycerol, Glucose, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, ESR and metabolic syndrome. This study has a possibility to be used an indicator to identify the GB polyps, and in the future larger-scale study will have to be conducted to objectify it.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.847-885
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop a web-based internet program for nutritional assessment and diet Prescription by renal diseases. Renal diseases were classified by nephrotic syndrome, renal failure, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The system consisted of five parts according to their functions and contents. The first part is to assess the general health status such as body weight, obesity index, basal metabolic rate and total energy requirement by the input of age, sex, height, weight and degree of activity. The second part was designed to investigate dietary history of patient, that is, to find out his inappropriate dietary habit and give him some suggestions for appropriate dietary behavior by investigating his dietary history. This part also offers the diet and nutrition management by personal status with renal disease, and the information for food selection, snacks, convenience foods, dine-out, behavioral modification, cooking methods, food exchange lists and terms. The third part is evaluating their energy and nutrients intake by comparing with recommended dietary allowance for Koreans or standardized data for patient with renal disease. In this part, it is also analyzing energy and nutrients of food consumed by food group and meals, and evaluating the status of nutrient intake. The fort]1 one, a major part of the system, is implementing the diet and menu planning by using food exchange lists. This Part Provides the patient with menus lists and I day menu suitable to his weight, activity and the status of renal disease. The fifth part is providing information on energy and nutrients of foods and drinks, and top 20 foods classified by nutrients. These results are finally displayed as tabular forms and graphical forms on the computer screen.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2005

Purpose : This study was peformed to study normative blood pressure data in full-term neonates that may be used to facilitate Identification of neonatal hypertension.Methods : 383 newborns born in our hospital from May 2003 to January 2004 were enrolled in this study Using an oscillometric device(BP-88 NEXT, COLIN Corp.), their blood pressures were measured more than one time within a week after birth. According to each clinical variable such as sex, delivery mode, birth weight, gestational age and presence of maternal disease or perinatal problems, we divided the population into groups and calculated the mean blood pressures of each group. We compared mean blood pressures between the divided groups according to each clinical variable statistically.Results : Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the Population was 70.8$\pm$ 10.9 mmHg and 43.4 $\pm$ 8.0 mmHg, respectively. There was no satistically significant difference in blood pressure according to clinical variables. Mean systolic pressure showed positive correlation with birth weight and gestational age(r=0.1420, 0.03130).Conclusion : Our results are almost in agreement with Zubrow's data from 695 newborns in U.S.A, 1995. Our data may be helpful for early detection and management of neonatal hypertension, thereby maintaining renal function ,and preventing possible complications of renal disease.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.5-15
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• 2006

In this paper, we measured the biosignal using hot-water system(STYX ford202) on foot. The biosignal transition data is observed from hot-water thermotherapy on foot. pre and post demonstration conditions under 43$^{\circ}C$ and 45$^{\circ}C$ are checked about 9 physiological factors for 10 persons and 10 days. (Checking Time: pre-test, post-test(5, 10, 15, 20 minutes)). The biosignal transition of demonstration's results showed as belows; Forehead Temperature($^{\circ}C$): -0.69 $\pm$ 0.01 dec, Leg Temperature($^{\circ}C$): 1.51 $\pm$ 0.22 inc, Blood Flow($m\ell/min$): 1.18 $\pm$ 0.50 inc, Blood Pressure(mmHg): (max) -1.49$\pm$ 2.81, (min) -0.06 $\pm$ 0.13 dec, Heart Rate(bpm): 6.97 $\pm$ 0.72 inc, Blood Sugar($mg/d\ell$) : -2.41 $\pm$ 1.55 dec, Oxygen Saturation(%): 1.34 $\pm$ 0.28 inc, Body Fat(%) -1.75 $\pm$ 0.15 dec, Weight(kg): -0.10 $\pm$ 0.04 dec. (dec: decrease, inc: increase)

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.7-26
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• 2016

The present study aimed at investigating the strengths and weaknesses of a mobile personal health record (PHR) application and identifying its impacts on consumer health information behavior. For the study, twenty-seven college students used a PHR application for three months, based on which the study conducted paper-based interviews with them. The results of content analysis highlighted the benefits of the PHR such as supporting preventive healthcare and motivating and providing specific guidelines for healthy lifestyles by utilizing visual interface design, sharing the data with family and assisting caregivers to manage patients' healthcare, and above all enhancing the interaction between patients and healthcare professionals. However, the study found the drawbacks of the PHR such as a lack of data entry for strength training and the incompatibility with other healthcare applications. The participants were motivated to change their health behaviors in ways such as getting rid of sleep disorders, avoiding alcohol and smoking tobacco, and losing weight, and changing eating habits. Some consumers improved self-efficacy by changing their health behaviors, while the PHR provided emotional supports to the consumers who wanted to improve their health. The present study has an academic significance because the study of PHR is a burgeoning area in Korea. The study provides insights for promoting health and medical information services to cope with the paradigm shift of healthcare fields.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.451-454
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• 2000

Invasive methode and Non-invasive methode are used in blood pressure measurement. The Invasive methode can Set the correct measured blood pressure but, it has patient feels uncomfortable. So most of cases use Non-invasive methode. The Oscillometric method is commonly apply to modem electric sphygmomanometer and using various algorithm. In this paper describe about a algorithm it control and to determinate the cuff pressure, and filtering that data for measure the blood pressure. The communicating with personal computer can pressure deflation is by Solenoid valve and it uses RS-232 system in packet communication. The main using algorithm for blood pressure measurements are maximum amplitude algorithm and oscillometric algorithm. MAA(maximum amplitude algorithm) has various measured oscillation it depend on patient's age, height, weight and arm circumference size. In this paper, 1 studied the various measured oscillation apply to characteristic ratio and can get the result of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure. It was not used same ratio to measuring oscillation. In the MAA(maximum amplitude algorithm), we hope for reduce the difference with the real blood pressure and the measured blood pressure, when it applied with various specific ratio.