• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2009

Due to rapid economic growth and accelerated urbanization, numerous cities in China have been turning into huge consumption markets almost simultaneously, and thus, the Chinese apparel markets being globalized are most vigorous in the world, attracting attention from the world apparel industries. If the Korean apparel businesses should develop the products befitting the conditions of the Chinese apparel markets and reflecting her consumers' fashion trends and needs, their apparels would be satisfactory enough to Chinese consumers, being competitive in the Chinese markets. In this sense, today's Chinese apparel markets may well provide the Korean apparel businesses with both crisis and opportunity. As one of the methods to enhance Chinese consumers' satisfaction with the Korean apparels, the Korean apparel businesses should consider seriously about the apparel fitting or a factor determining apparel silhouettes and sense of wearing. Since Chinese consumers differ widely in terms of body types and measurements depending on regions due to the vast territory, differentiation of the apparel fitting is more important than any other single factor, and thus, correct information about apparel fitting may well be directly related with manufacturing of excellent apparels. The purpose of this study is to comparatively analyze the upper body measurements and types of the Chinese and Korean women in their 20's to provide the Korean apparel business engaged in Chinese markets with some basic data about apparel fitting conducive to their development of effective apparel commodities. For this purpose, Chinese women in their 20's living in China's two major cities leading China's women's apparel markets were sampled.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.176-190
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• 2011

Today's young generation in digital era has a rich education environment and convenient life, on the other hand, there was negative impact on growth as normal body type because of adverse impact on an excessive study and insufficient exercise, etc. Also, for these people in IT culture generation, using small mobile including computer for long time is becoming main issue as changing factor in posture and body type in terms of spine like their neck disc. This body-typed characteristic reaches to normal adult body type in the process of physical development of adult woman and has least modification in body type. Therefore, despite of early young generation, body suitability of upper body clothes might caused imbalance. So, for intended to early 20s women, to design clothes with consideration on imbalance of body type by bended and curved spine, body type studies about size of upper body and forms are needed. As this researcher measured the body type of early 20s college women in metropolitan area, changes in body type of young generation with use of digital equipment recently were recognized since straight body type was decreased unequally and had characteristic in terms of changes to be bended body type. The changes of these body type should be considered to make clothes. Also, since there are some restrictions on this research objects in terms of local and numbers of measured objects, a broad interpretation of result on this research should be really careful.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.95-108
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• 2019

This study aims to determine the characteristics of new senior women's torso shapes. The data was collected from the 7th Size Korea, which analyzed 412 women between the ages of 55-69. A factor analysis was performed based on 20 indices, including eight based on circumference, eight based on height and length measurements, and four based on torso flattening. The results of the factor analysis suggest five main factors: torso silhouette, longitudinal size of the body, torso flattening rate, abdominal shape, and posterior longitudinal size. The results of the cluster analysis suggest three overall types: Type 1 is the inverted triangular obese shape which is characterized by large breasts, small buttocks, a short height, and a forward-bending posture; Type 2 is the rectangular, slim shape which is characterized by a forward neck and a flat front and back of the torso, and is the most slender among the three types; Type 3 is the large rectangular, overall obese shape, which is characterized by a round shape with large breasts, waist, and buttocks, and a forward-bending posture with a protruding back, and this is the most obese type. According to the results of the cross-tabulation, women aged 55-59 showed no trend in body shape; women aged 60-64 showed an increases in the inverted triangular obese shape and the large rectangular, overall obese shape; women aged 65-69 showed an increase in the large rectangular, overall obese shape and a decrease in the rectangular slim shape. In summary, new senior women showed body shape characteristics of being short, more obese having, a bent over posture. As they grew older, the curves disappeared, and the body becomes rounder. The study found that variation in body shape exists among new senior women in the aged society.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2022

Based on the method of marking the size of children's wear suggested by Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, this study classified the heights of school-aged girls by 10cm. The purpose of this study is to provide foundational material by analyzing and comparing the characteristics of torso types. The author analyzed the height section of 130 to 139.9cm, which the majority of subjects fell into, and concerning the method of research, this study statistically analyzed body sizes and calculated items related to 162 persons' torso types out of the 6th Korean Body Size Data. According to the results, eight factors were extracted, and the total explanatory variate of all the factors was found to be 81.93%. According to the results of cluster analysis with it as an independent variable, three types were drawn. Type 1 (41.4%) was found to be the thickest in the torso and round and severely curved in the sectional form of the circumference item. RegardingType 2 (25.9%), the horizontal size of the torso is similar to that of Type 1: the upper body is long, and the sectional form of the circumference item is oval-shaped. Regarding Type 3 (32.7%), mean values are similar to those of Type 2 overall: the upper body is short, and the body is the most upright. In conclusion, according to the results of analyzing torso types, the types and average values indicate significant differences in the height section of 130~139.9cm. This implies that when making ready-made clothes, it is necessary to come up with the sizes of more detailed items in relation with height. It is expected that the findings of this study will be utilized as basic data when children's wear companies develop prototypes and use grading variances according to the variations of size.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.424-434
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• 2009

연구목적: 임플란트는 수직교합 하중에는 비교적 잘 견디나 측방하중에 대해서는 약한 역학적 성질을 갖고 있으므로 임플란트의 재료 특성과 기하학적 형태에 따른 응력 분석 연구의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 연구재료 및 방법: 외부육각구조를 갖는 28개의 임플란트를 7개씩 4군으로 나누어 그 제품에 적합한 UCLA gold abutment를 이용해, 제3형 금합금으로 보철 물을 제작하였고, A군 (3i, FULL $OSSEOTITE^{(R)}$-Implant), B군 (Nobelbiocare, Branemark $System^{(R)}$Mk III Groovy RP), C군 (Neobiotec, $SinusQuick^{(TM)}$ EB), D군 (Osstem, US-II)으로 분류하였다. 고정체와 지대주나사, 지대주를 연결한 후 수직적으로 절단하여 연마한 후 미세경도계를 이용하여 10군데에서 경도측정을 실시하였고, 동적하중 피로시험기를 이용하여 60-600 N범위로 파절시까지 동적 하중을 가하였다. 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 지대주나사 및 고정체의 파절 양상과 파절 위치 등을 관찰하였고, 유한요소분석을 통해 고정체와 지대주 나사에 나타나는 응력 분포와 파절면을 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 1.고정체 경도는 A, B, C, D군에서 각각 245.3, 289.7, 281.3, 300.4 Hv로 D군이 가장 높았고, A군이 가장 낮았다. 지대주 나사의 경도는 A, B, C, D군에서 각각 340.00, 317.62, 306.5, 306.2 Hv로 A군이 가장 높고, D군이 가장 낮았다. 2. 모든 실험군에서 임플란트 고정체의 파절은 응력이 집중되는 고정체 3-4번째 나사산 홈 (valley) 부위 또는 내면의 사공간부와 일치하는 부위에서 발생되었고, 피로수명은 A, B, C, D군에서 각각 31585, 47311, 30141, 105371로 D군이 가장 높았으며, A, B, C군과는 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<.05). 3. 파절양상은 B군과D군에서는 고정체와 나사 모두에서 수직 (longitudinal)파절과 수평 (transverse)파절이 동시에 일어나는 복합 (complex mode) 파절이 관찰 되었고, A와 C군에서는 고정체에서 수평 (transverse mode) 파절만이 관찰되었다. 4. 유한요소분석 결과 인장응력이 가장 높은 고정체 표면부에서 피로 균열이 시발되어 압축응력이 가장 높은 반대편 부위로 피로균열이 전파되었으며, 최대 유효 응력값은 C군이 가장 높았고, B군에서 가장 낮았다. 결론: 피질골 높이와 일치하는 임플란트 고정체 부위에서 최대 인장 주응력이 발생되며, 고정체 사공간부 (dead space)가 최대 인장 주응력이 작용하는 지그 표면과 일치할 때 피로파절이 발생되었다. 따라서 악골에 식립된 임플란트의 신뢰성을 향상시키고 수명을 증대시키기 위해서는 가능한 임플란트 주위의 골소실이 일어나지 않도록 해야 할 것이나 골흡수가 일어나 사공간부 수준까지 진행된다면 임플란트의 파절 빈도가 증가될 수 있으므로 이에 대한 대처가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 월간경쟁저널
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• 29호
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• pp.58-64
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• 1998

한국공정경쟁협회는 지난 ''97년 7월 16일 공정거래위원회로부터 $\lceil$개방체제하에서의 경쟁정책방향에 대한 연구$\rfloor$용역을 의뢰받아 본 협회의 김웅재 연구위원과 중앙대학교 법대학장 서헌제 교수, LG경제연구소 부연구위원 우영수 박사와 공동으로 용역연구팀을 구성하고 5개월간의 연구 끝에 지난 ''97년 12월 15일 최종보고서를 공정거래위원회에 제출하였다. 동 연구결과에 대해 지난 ''97년 12월 26일 공정거래위원회 간부직원들과의 모임에서 보고를 하였으며 이에 대한 토론의 시간도 가졌다. 특히, 이번 연구용역 과정에서는 업계의 공정거래법 전문가들과 공정거래제도에 관한 연구회를 구성$\cdot$운영함으로써 보다 효율적인 연구결과를 가져올 수 있도록 하였다. 특히 본 연구에서는 외국과의 역차별 문제도 다루었는데, 마침 IMF 경제체제에서는 이러한 역차별 문제를 점검할 필요가 있어 본 연구는 시대적 상황에 부응할 수도 있게 되었다.

• 복식
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• 제38권
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• pp.279-288
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• 1998

The purpose of this paper was to find out obese women's respective characteristics of torso body shape. The subjects were 132 obese women for direct measurement and were 101 obese women for indirect measurement, age of 20~59. The criterial of obesity base on Rohrer index($\geq$1.6) and busts girth ($\leq$90). The results were as follows : 1) In comparison with the average body shapes in common body types, in 30's was bigger in the bust and waist girth than the different age groups. 2) According to the difference in the basic girth(bust and waist girth, hip and bust girth, hip and waist girth) the body types were classified 2 groups. Types 1 was large bust and slightly curved from waist to hip. Type 2 was large hip and larger in the curve from waist to hip than type 1.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2009

Purpose: The appropriate management of traumatic truncal arterial injury is often difficult to determine, particularly if the injury is associated with severe additional truncal lesions. The timing of repair is controversial when patients arrive alive at the hospital. Also, there is an argument about surgery versus stent-graft repair. This study's objective was to evaluate the appropriate method and the timing for treatment in cases of truncal abdominal injury associated with other abdominal lesions. Methods: The medical records at Ajou University Medical Center were reviewed for an 8-year period from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2008. Twelve consecutive patients, who were diagnosed as having had a traumatic truncal arterial injury, were enrolled in our study. Patients who were dead before arriving at the hospital or were not associated with abdominal organ injury, were excluded. All patients involved were managed by using the ATLS (Advanced Trauma Life Support) guideline. Data on injury site, the timing and treatment method of repair, the overall complications, and the survival rate were collected and analyzed. Results: Every case showed a severe injury of more than 15 point on the ISS (injury severity score) scale. The male-to-female ratio was 9:3, and patients were 41 years old on the average. Sites of associated organ injury were the lung, spleen, bowel, liver, pelvic bone, kidney, heart, vertebra, pancreas, and diaphragm ordered from high frequency to lower frequency. There were 11 cases of surgery, and one case of conservative treatment. Two of the patients died after surgery for truncal organ injury: one from excessive bleeding after surgery and the other from multiple organ failure. Arterial injuries were diagnosed by using computed tomography in every case and 9 patients were treated by using an angiographic stent-graft repair. There were 3 patients whose vessels were normal on admission. Several weeks later, they were diagnosed as having a truncal arterial injury. Conclusion: In stable rupture of the truncal artery, initial conservative management is safe and allows management of the major associated lesions. Stent grafting of the truncal artery is a valuable therapeutic alternative to surgical repair, especially in patients considered to be a high risk for a conventional thoracotomy.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.121-143
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 임플란트 형태 및 골 흡수가 피로 파절에 미치는 효과를 평가하는 것이다. 오스탬 임플란트 4가지 형태 즉 외부 연결 평행형, 내부 연결 평행형, 외부 연결 첨형, 내부 연결 첨형 선정하고, 8개 군으로 분류하였다. 또한 식립 높이에 따른 피로 수명 변화 조사하기 위하여 시료 고정 지그 표면으로부터 고정체를 각각 2mm, 4mm 노출시켜 피로 시험을 시행하였다. 피로 파절 실험은 하중 조건을 최대 하중 600N, 최소 하중 60N으로 하였으며, 스테인리스 스틸로 지그 제작하여 동적 하중 피로 시험기에 연결하고 고정 후 실온에서 14Hz로 실험하였다. 고정체, 지대주 나사 파절 양상, 파절 위치 등 관찰하기 위해 주사전자현미경 사용하였으며, 유한 요소 분석 하여 고정체, 지대주 나사에 나타나는 응력 분포, 파절면 양상 비교 분석하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 고정체를 2mm 노출시켜 피로 시험시 첨형 임플란트 피로 수명이 평행형보다 높고, 외부 연결형이 내부 연결형보다 높았다. 2. 고정체를 4mm씩 노출시켜 피로 시험시 평행형 임플란트 피로 수명이 첨형보다 높고, 외부 연결형 임플란트 피로수명이 내부 연결형보다 높았다. 3. 고정체 노출 높이가 2mm인 경우 내부 연결형은 모두 지대주 몸체, 고정체 육각부 접하는 경계부에서 수평으로 피로 파절 발생하였고, 외부 연결형은 고정체 육각부에서 고정체 나사부 방향으로 경사지게 또는 고정체 사공 간부에서 피로 파절 발생하였다. 고정체가 4mm 노출된 경우 임플란트 종류 무관하게 지대주 나사 첨부 고정체 사공간부에서 주로 발생하였다. 4. 피로 파절면 관찰은 모든 군에서 피로 줄무늬를 보였으며 취성파괴 특징인 벽개파면, 연성파괴 특징인 딤플무늬 등이 혼재되어 나타났다. 5. 압축력 받는 협측 유효 응력이 인장력 받는 설측보다 높고, 고정체에 작용하는 유효 응력이 지대주 나사에 작용하는 것보다 높았으며, 고정체에 작용하는 최대 유효 응력은 평행형에서 높았다. 따라서 교합력 많이 받는 구치부에서 내부 연결형 임플란트 식립시 각별한 주의 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.115-126
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to find out relationship between Trigger points and Acupoints. Methods : We have researched some of oriental and western medical books about Trigger points and Acupoints from head to trunk. Conclusions : 1. In the head, there are 46 trigger points Among them, 19 trigger points correspond to Acupoints and 25 trigger points are similar to them 2. In the thorax, there are 33 trigger points Among them, 17 trigger points correspond to Acupoints and 20 trigger points are similar to them 3. In the upperimb, there are 20 trigger points Among them, 9 trigger points correspond to Acupoints and 13 trigger points are similar to them. 4 In the trunk, there are 11 trigger points. Among them, 5 trigger points correspond to Acupoints and 11 trigger points are similar to them.