• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1981.05a
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• pp.41.2-41
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• 1981

Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy are the most common operations in the ENT field. Recent emphasis on careful selection of patients for these procedures derives from concern for complications of surgery, as well as the immunologic and anatomic functions of tonsils and adenoids. Adenoidectomy can relieve nasopharyngeal airway obstruction caused by enlarge adenoids, and can prevent complications such as heart failure and recurrent or chronic otitis media. We researched 117 cases of tonsilloadenoidectomy patients and 266 patients having routine examination from March, 1979 to February, 1981, and described the A/N ratio derived from linear measurements of lateral radiographs of the nasopharynx. The results of Impedance Audiometry and X-ray films from 117 cases of T&A patients were compared: 1) The average A/N ratio by age groups for 266 cases of normal children showed: 0.508 for age group, 0 to 3 years old, 0.533 for age group, 4 to 6 years old, 0.524 for age group, 7 to 9 years old, 0.519 for age group, 10 to 12 years old, 0.507 for age group, 13 to 15 years old, 0.481 for age group over 15 years old. The peak value lies in the age group of 4 to 6 years old. The sex difference of A/N ratio was not significant. 2) The average A/N ratio by age groups from 117 cases of T&A patients showed: 0.709 for age group, 0 to 3 years old, 0.733 for age group, 4 to 6 years old, 0.693 for age group, 7 to 9 years old, 0.707 for age group, 10 to 12 years old, 0.620 for age group, 13 to 15 years old, 0.756 for age group over 15 years old. 3) Among the 117 cases of T&A patients, the average A/N ratio for 57 cases in normal tympanogram was 0.688 and the average A/N ratio for 60 cases in abnormal tympanogram was 0.705. 4) Among 57 cases in abnormal tympanogram: 6 cases (10.5%) showed 0.40-0.59 of A/N ratio, 44 cases (77.2%) showed 0.60-0.79 of A/N ratio, and 7 cases (12.3%) showed 0.80-0.99 of A/N ratio. 5) Among 117 cases of T&A patients, 3 of 15 cases showing A/N ratio under 0.6, and 67 of 102 cases showing A/N ratio over 0.6, had paranasal sinusitis.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.534-541
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• 2009

Word recognition test (WRT) for the children can be useful for diagnosing the degree of communication disability, prescribing hearing instruments, planning aural rehabilitation and speech therapy, and determination of site of lesions. The Korean standard monosyllabic word lists for preschoolers (KS-MWL-P) were developed considering the criteria given by the literatures. However, the authors of KS-MWL-P suggested more children should be included to verify homogeneity of the lists using psychometric function curve since only 8 children participated in the developing process. The purpose of this study was to explore the homogeneity of KS-MWL-P for supplementing the limitations of the lists employing psychometric analysis. To 23 preschoolers who have normal-hearing, 100 monosyllabic KS-MWL-P words were examined with the pictures. Psychometric function curve with linear slopes of 20% and 80%'s correct rates through accounting recognition scores of each monosyllabic word at variable intensities from -10 to 40 dBHL was obtained and analyzed. As a result, s-shaped psychometric function curve was presented with increasing correct rate depending on intensity and showed no statistical significant differences among each word and list. The congruous graph shapes among lists also indicated good homogeneity and the list 1,2,3,4's average slopes were 4.48, 3.86, 4.65, 4.50. It was verified that the homogeneity was suitable because the analysis of variance showed no statistical significance among lists (p>0.05). However, KS-MWL-P's order of slope according to the order of the number of items, $1{\sim}10$, $1{\sim}20$, $1{\sim}25$ showed no difference with the p-value of 0.93, 0.59, 0.91, 0.70 for the lists 1,2,3, and 4, respectively. Although KS-MWL-P was assumed that the lower-numbered items were easy for testing younger ages, this study's results could not agree with the author's conclusion. Considering this matter, rearranging of the number of items should be performed according to the analysis of slope suggested by this study for testing younger children with easier items. Other than this, in conclusion, KS-MWL-P was proved to be useful for clinical and rehabilitative evaluating and training tools for preschoolers.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2010

Acrodysostosis is an extremely rare disorder characterized by short fingers and toes with peripheral dysostosis, nasal hypoplasia, and mental retardation. We report a 16-year-old Korean boy with acrodysostosis who had characteristic clinical features and cervical spine stenosis manifested by neurologic symptoms. On presentation, he complained of difficulty in raising his arms, and suffered from intermittent pain and weakness in both upper extremities. He had short stature and dysmorphic facial features, including a broad, depressed nasal bridge, small, upturned nose, bilateral epicanthal folds, and mild hypertelorism. Moderate mental retardation and sensorineural hearing loss in both ears were also present. Radiological findings included broad, short metacarpals and phalanges with cone-shaped epiphyses, bilateral Madelung deformities, hypertrophied first metatarsals, and thickening of the calvarium. Magnetic resonance imaging findings included stenosis of the cervical spine, platybasia with compression into the cervicomedullary junction, and downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils. Here, we report a case of acrodysostosis with symptoms and signs of cervical spinal stenosis first in Korea. If it is diagnosed in the early stages, possible life-threatening complications, including spinal canal stenosis, can be managed properly and permanent neurologic sequelae might be avoided. Therefore, it is important to consider acrodysostosis in the differential diagnosis of peripheral dysostosis.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1972.03a
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• pp.7-8
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• 1972

The effects of noise exposure are of two types: Nonauditory effects and auditory effects. Nonauditory effects of noise exposure are interference with communication by speech, sleeping and emotional behavior. The noise will cause the high blood pressure and rapid pulse, also that decrease the salivation and gastric juice. in experimentaly showed that the Corticoid hormon: Gonatotropic hormone were decrease and Thyrotropic hormoone is increase. Auditory effect of noise exposure. when the normal ear is exposed to noise at noise at hamful intensities (above 90㏈) for sufficiently long periods of time, a temoral depression of hearing results, disappearing after minutes or hours of rest. When the exposure longer or intesity greater is reached the Permanent threshold shift called noise-induced hearing loss. Hearing loss resulting from noise exposure presents legal as well as medical problems. The otologist who examines and evaluates the industrial hearing loss cases must be properly informed, not only concerning the otologic but also about the physical and legal aspects of the problems. The measurement of hearing ability is the most important part of a hearing conservation, both preplacement and periodic follow-up tests of hearing. The ideal hearing conservation program would be able to reduce or eliminate the hazardous noise at its source or by acoustic isolation of noisy working area and two ear protections (plugs and muff type) were developed for personal protection.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.177-183
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• 1974

It is generally recognized that the environmental noise of the various working places thought to be the cause of hearing disturbance. This survey was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of noise-induced occupational bearing loss among the weavers of 39 textile industries in Taegu, Korea. For this survey, 432 male workers and 2,023 female workers were examined their hearing acuity by Individual pure tone threshold determination test(air conduction), from November, 1972, to January, 1973. Main findings were as follows : 1. The mean of noise intensity of the 54 weaving rooms was, in over all, $95.6{\pm}4.2dB\;(A),\;95.9{\pm}4.0dB\;(B)\;and\;96.2{\pm}3.9dB\;(C)$. 2. The mean hearing threshold levels by service years in the 4,000 Hz were intensively increased from 1st to 3rd year and slightly decreased. than that of 3rd year, from after 3rd to 5th year, after 5th year that increased slightly. 3. The mean hearing threshold levels by frequencies were highest in the 4,000 Hz(male: $25.0{\pm}11.3dB$, female: $22.0{\pm}10.2dB$) and followed by 6,000, 8,000 and 3,000 Hz. 4. The mean hearing threshold level of the 6,000 Hz (male: 17.0 dB. female: 17.9dB) was higher than that of 4,000Hz (male: 16.4 dB, female: 17.1dB) in tile 1st service year. 5. The mean hearing loss of examinees was $16.2{\pm}8.0dB$ in male and $15.4{\pm}7.8dB$ in female.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.193-200
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• 2013

This study describes a case of sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL) accompanied with adjunctive symptoms including tinnitus and aural fullness. In this case, we evaluated the effect of Korean medicine treatment for SSNHL accompanied with adjunctive symptoms including tinnitus and aural fullness. We treated 1 SSNHL patient who had adjunctive symptoms of tinnitus and aural fullness. After Korean medical treatment for 9 days, two approaches were used in order to evaluate the effect of the treatment. The hearing recovery was measured with pure tone audiometry, and the decrease of tinnitus and aural fullness was identified by patient's subjective expression. After Korean medical treatments, clinical symptoms of SSNHL accompanied with adjunctive symptoms including tinnitus and aural fullness were considered improved. This study shows that the Korean medical treatment effects on the SSNHL accompanied with adjunctive symptoms including tinnitus and aural fullness.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.130-134
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• 2011

Saethre-Chotzen syndrome is an autosomal dominant craniosynostosis syndrome, usually involving unior bilateral coronal synostosis and mild limb deformities, and is induced by loss-of-function mutations of the TWIST1 gene. Other clinical features of this syndrome include ptosis, low-set ears, hearing loss, hypertelorism, broad great toes, clinodactyly, and syndactyly. The authors of the present study report 2 children with clinical features of Saethre-Chotzen syndrome who showed mutations in the TWIST1 gene, and is the first molecular genetic confirmation of Saethre-Chotzen syndrome in Korea. The molecular genetic testing of the TWIST1 gene for patients with coronal synostoses is important to confirm the diagnosis and to provide adequate genetic counseling.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.519-524
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• 2011

ABLB (alternate binaural loudness balance) test is one of the medical assessments to diagnose detailed lesion of sensory-neural hearing loss based on a recruitment phenomenon. However, current ABLB audiometry takes an operational model, so called face-to-face model, in which model one audiometrist can assess only one subject at a time. As a result, this face-to-face model leads to expensive audiometrist's labor cost and lengthy wait when there exist many subjects. As a solution, this paper suggests an ABLB audiometry system supporting one-to-many model in which model an audiometrist enables to assess several subjects concurrently. By providing such capabilities as real-time transfer of assessment result, video monitoring of subject and video chat, this solution can provide same effect as face-to-face model but overcome weakness of the existing face-to-face model.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.103-108
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• 2017

Kabuki syndrome is a rare congenital disorder that causes multiple birth defects and mental retardation. Mutation of the lysine methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D) gene is the primary cause of Kabuki syndrome. We report a 4-year-old Korean girl diagnosed with Kabuki syndrome based on distinctive facial features (eversion of the lower lateral eyelid, arched eyebrows, depressed nasal tip, prominent ears), skeletal anomalies, short stature, and molecular analysis, which revealed a novel frameshift mutation in the KMT2D gene. A 4-year-old patient had a past history of congenital cardiac malformations (coarctation of the aorta, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus), subclinical hypothyroidism and dysmorphic features at birth including webbed neck, short fingers, high arched palate, micrognathia and horseshoe kidney. She showed unique facial features such as a long palpebral fissure, long eyelashes, arched eyebrows with sparseness of the lateral third, broad nasal root, anteverted ears, and small mouth. Her facial features suggested Kabuki syndrome, and genetic analysis discovered a novel heterozygous frameshift mutation (c.4379dup, p.Leu1461Thrfs*30) in exon 15 of the KMT2D gene. The diagnosis of our 4-year-old patient was made through thorough physical examination and history taking, and genetic testing. It is challenging to diagnose patients with Kabuki syndrome at birth, since the characteristic facial features are expressed gradually during growth. Clinical suspicion aroused by regular follow-ups may lead to earlier diagnosis and interventions.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.113-121
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• 2007

Hearing loss is a common congenital disorder that is frequently associated with mutations in the Cx26 gene (GJB2). Recently, the mutation analysis of GJB2 has been used in a newborn screening test for the detection of hearing impairment. Population-based studies should be performed before the application of genetic testing for the identification of deaf newborns. In this study, 8 positions of GJB2 mutations-including 35delG, 167delT, 235delC, V27I, V37I, M34T, E114G, and I203T-were analyzed using PCR-direct sequencing in a total of 437 healthy Korean neonates. DNAs from dried blood spots were extracted using a commercial DNA extraction kit. The PCR-amplified products (783 bps) of the GJB2 gene were detected using 2% agarose gel electrophoresis and subjected to direct sequencing. The sequences were compared with those in the GenBank database by using the BLAST program. In this study, 5 GJB2 mutations -including V27I (79G>A), V37I (109G>A), E114G (341A>G), I203T (608T>C), and 235delC- were found. Of the 437 neonate samples, 301 subjects showed GJB2 mutations (68.9%, 301/437). The V27I mutation was found in 271 subjects and was the most frequent (62.0%, 271/437). The E114G, I203T and V37I mutations were shown in 146, 17 and 14 subjects, respectively. The 235delC mutation was found in 1 subject. The E114G mutation was frequently accompanied by the V27I mutation. V27I/E114G (97.2%, 143/147) was the most common double mutation and 3 subjects had the double mutation V27I/I203T. A triple mutation, V27I/E114G/I203T, was found in 1 subject. In conclusion, PCR-direct sequencing is a convenient tool for the rapid detection of GJB2 mutations and this data might provide information for the genetic counseling of the GJB2 gene.