• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.227-232
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• 2002

Electronic Travel Aids (ETA) developed for the blind such as sonicguide, mowat sensor and bionic C-5 laser cane have many problems like technical deficiency and high cost. Moreover, these systems have need for more training to perceive obstacle around. Therefore, In this study, we studied the blind's obstacle perception characteristics by human auditory sense, and development of ultrasonic ETA which have more simple usage, low cost and immediate usableness than present ETAs.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.2255-2256
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• 2008

음성인식 시스템을 설계함에 있어서는 대표적으로 사람의 성도 특성을 모방한 LPC(Linear Predict Cording)방식과 청각 특성을 고려한 MFCC(Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients)방식이 있다. 본 논문에서는 MFCC를 통해 특징파라미터를 추출하고 해당 영역에서의 수행된 작업을 매틀랩 알고리즘을 이용하여 그래프로 시현하였다. MFCC 방식의 추출과정은 최초의 음성신호로부터 전처리과정을 통해 아날로그 신호를 디지털 신호로 변환하고, 잡음부분을 최소화하며, 음성 부분을 강조한다. 이 신호는 다시 Windowing을 통해 음성의 불연속을 제거해 주고, FFT를 통해 시간의 영역을 주파수의 영역으로 변환한다. 이 변환된 신호는 Filter Bank를 거쳐 다수의 복잡한 신호를 몇 개의 간단한 신호로 간소화 할 수 있으며, 마지막으로 Mel-cepstrum을 통해 최종적으로 특징 파라미터를 얻고자 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.187-190
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 잡음 환경에서의 사람의 청각 시스템에서의 신호 에너지에 대한 지각(perception) 패턴을 나타내는 임계 대역에서의 여기(excitation)에너지와 이러한 신호 에너지 사이의 지각적인 간섭 효과를 나타내는 마스킹 특성을 이용하여 지각적인 컨벌루션 잡음(covolutional noise)해석을 통한 잡음 제어 기법을 연구하였다. 이러한 지각적 컨벌루션 잡음은 지각 영역에서 잡음 에너지에 의한 간섭 현상의 영향을 나타내며, 신호의 지각 적인 특성 변화 및 부가 잡음(additional noise) 제어 후에 신호 내에 잔존하는 잔여 노이즈를 반영하는 것이다. 실험 결과 부가 잡음 제어 필터와 컨벌루션 잡음 제어 필터가 대등한 노이즈 제어 성능을 나타내었으며, 다양한 잡음 환경에서 이러한 지각 영역에서의 부가 잡음 제어와 컨벌루션 잡음 제어를 통해 높은 SNR비 개선과 더불어 MOS 측정을 통해서도 높은 음질을 보장할 수 있음을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.76-82
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• 2001

In this paper, a novel quantization method for wideband signal codec with 7 kHz bandwidth is proposed. In the transform-based wideband signal codecs, the signal is transformed to frequency domain and the spectral coefficients in each frequency band are quantized based on human perceptual model, followed by Huffman coding. However, the property of each band varies with frequency, and the codec has poor performance when all bands are quantized with the same method. Therefore, a selective quantization method is proposed, which analyzes the band property and selects the quantization domain between frequency domain and time domain based on the quantization efficiency. It is confirmed that the proposed method has better performance than the quantizer of G722.1 codec.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.181-189
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• 2011

According to developments of digital signal processing, 3D sound come into focus on multimedia systems. Many studies on 3d sound have proposed lots of clues to create realistic sounds. But these clues are only focused on binaural systems which two ears are normal. If we make the 3d sound using those clues at monaural systems, the performance goes down dramatically. In order to use the clues for monaural systems, we have studies algorithms such as duplex theory. In duplex theory, the sounds that we listen are affected by human's body, pinna and shoulder. So, we can enhance sound localization performances using its characteristics. In this paper, we propose a new method to use psychoacoustic theory that creates realistic 3D audio at monaural systems. To improve 3d sound, we calculate the excitation energy rates of each symmetric HRTF and extract the weights in each bark range. Finally, they are applied to emphasize the characteristics related to each direction. Informal listening tests show that the proposed method improves sound localization performances much better than the conventional methods.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2010

Objective : The purpose of the study is to investigate and compare multi-cultural families in terms of mother' s attitude on child-rearing and their children's sensory processing ability. Methods : 19 multi-cultural families and 38 ordinary families were investigated and all the targeted families had children aged 3 to 7 years. Data were collected by a questionnaire asking general characteristics of mother-child; mother's attitude on rearing; and child's sensory processing ability, the Korean-translated version of Short Sensory Profile [SSP], and the Mother nurturing attitude. Data analysis has been done by Descriptive Statistics for subject characteristics and by Mean-Whitney U test for comparison between multi-cultural family group and ordinary family group. Results : There are significant differences between the two family groups in terms of the rearing attitude, especially in sub-item 'refusing(p=.000)'and 'autonomous(p=.000)'. Result of the SSP also indicate significant differences between the two groups in total score(p=.002) and sub-items such as taste/smell sensitivity(p=.004), movement sensitivity(p=.021), underresponsive/seeks sensation(p=.010), auditory filtering(p=.016), low energy/weak(p=.003), visual/auditory sensitivity(p=.029). Conclusion : The results of this study well describe differences between multi-cultural families and ordinary families in maternal child-rearing attitude and sensory processing ability of the children. It is suggested to collect data regarding adaptation of multi-cultural families and their child development through more profound qualitative studies in further.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.75-87
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate, longitudinally, interruption behavior which children who do stutter (CWS), children who do not stutter (CWNS) and their mothers and relationship with disfluency of children showed during interactions with their mothers. Subjects for this study consisted of 2-5 year old CWS (male 2 and female 4), an age-matched group of CWNS (male 3 and female 3), and their mothers. Frequencies of normal disfluency (ND) and abnormal disfluency (AD) in children group and frequency of interruption and simultalk duration in children and mothers group were measured two times (initial visit and 12 months later) over the course of one year. As a result, no significant difference was observed in frequency of interruption and simultalk duration both between two mother groups and between two child groups at initial visit and 12 months later. However, frequency of interruption increased significantly over the course of one year in CWS group. A significant group difference was found in frequency of interruption of mothers but, no significant difference was observed in simultalk duration of mothers at initial visit. In the CWS·mothers group, no factors were related with disfluency of children at initial visit and 12 months later. These findings suggest that interruption is not just negative behavior, and that reducing interruption should be considered in child·parent interaction therapy for CWS.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.21-29
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• 2015

Objective : This study compares sensory processing ability of children with and without spastic diplegia. In addition, it investigates characteristics of sensory processing differentiated by developmental phase such as pre-school age versus school age. Methods : Participants in this study are ordinal children without specific condition and children with spastic diplegia who are aged 3 to 10 years olds. Using Short Sensory Profile (SSP), sensory processing function of the participants was measured. The survey was distributed to caregivers of the children from November, 2013 to February, 2014, and it was suggested that the caregivers to record the questionnaire directly after approval from a rehabilitation hospital, a university hospital, welfare center, day care center, preschool and elementary school to participate in our study. Results : Group of children with spastic diplegia showed lower score than group of children with no special condition in the total score and the each score of all items of Short Sensory Profile. There was significant difference between the two groups in terms of the total score of sensory processing and the 5 factors except tactile sensitiveness and taste/smell sensitiveness among the 7 factors of test. In the comparison of different age groups, pre-school age group showed lower total score than school age group. Conclusion : This study provides a foundational evidence that can be used when therapist evaluate sensory processing function of children with spastic diplegia. There is need for more study about sensory processing functions of various types of children with cerebral palsy.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.57-80
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• 2024

Eisner emphasized the importance of problem-solving objectives and expressive objectives in addition to behavioral objectives, and communication through multiple modalities including linguistic, visual, aural, spatial, gestural modes. This study analyzes 'Libraries and Information Life,' a textbook developed for information literacy instruction, by dividing it into educational objectives types(behavioral, problem-solving, expressive) and multimodal modes(linguistic, visual, auditory, spatial, and gestural), and seeks to derive implications for setting educational objectives for information literacy instruction and developing textbooks. The textbook has four volumes for elementary low-grade, elementary high-grade, middle school, and high school levels. Educational objectives were extracted from the textbooks, and 3 librarian-teachers were engaged in the analysis of these objectives. The main findings and implications of this study are as follows. First, when looking at the types of educational objectives, the proportion of behavioral objectives was found to be excessively high, and there is a need to strengthen the proportion of problem-solving objectives and expressive objectives. Second, problem-solving objectives tend to overlap with behavioral objectives, indicating a need to develop problem-solving objectives with defined conditions and solution requirements. Third, expressive objectives concentrated in specific units need to be placed evenly in other units. Fourth, in the case of multi-modality mode, the proportion of the linguistic mode must be reduced, the proportion of the visual, auditory, spatial, and gestural modes must be increased, and it is necessary to set educational objectives with clear characteristics of each mode.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.9
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• pp.124-131
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• 2006

Motion graphic is also developing into its own genre in graphic design by establishing individual industrial fields. images and graphics but also recognize even motions and sounds as communication elements delivering a message. Nevertheless, web communication designers have yet to experimentally test the visual motion priniciples or the audio sound expressions in terms of technology. If the dance are used, they may be new communication approaches in the age of multi-media, which allows for communication of visual and audio information or images. With such conceptions in mind, this study was aimed at reviewing the structural relationship between visual motion principles of the kinetic and the sound images to combine the audio and video effects. To this end, the basic structure of dance and music were substituted into the dance to determine their relevancy, and thereupon, examine the effective sound expression methods and techniques depending on movements of the objects in the monitor. Thus, this study, by inquiring into the uniqueness of choreography in motion graphic, presents the possibility of limitless expression of designer creation and inner world, and the ultimate goal lies in assuring the artistic value of motion graphic and its position as a synthetic art.