• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.47-60
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• 2002

The study investigated the effects of types of presentation and cognitive load on multimedia learning. In experiment 1, subject were 90 elementary school students. The subject were assigned in three conditions: Narration and Text (NT) condition, Animation and Narration(AN) condition, Animation and Text(AT) condition. The result showed that AN condition improved the learning performances in comparison with AT condition, NT condition. Experiment 2 was administrated to 87 undergraduate students. They were participated in three conditions, also. The conditions were Animation and Text (AT) condition, Animation and Narration (AN) condition, Animation, Narration and Text (ANT) condition. the results showed that AN condition was greater in AT, ANT condition. The results from a series of these experiments imply that varying the types of presentation of identical learning materials had influences on the performances. Multimedia presentation(animation and verbal conditions) improved the learning performances in comparison with monomedia presentation(verbal condition), and the advantage was raised when learners were provided the learning material in the multimodal and multimedia environment(AN condition). Also, it came out that redundant text identical to narration disrupted learning when learners were in the picture (either animation or illustration) and narration conditions. Likewise, also for adults, performances were improved in the multimodal conditions and redundant text identical to narration was not helpful for learning. These results are evidences for the dual-coding theory and the cognitive load theory.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.165-184
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• 2012

To investigate how the valence of unattended background picture modulates perceptual processing of a target letter, participants were required to detect a target letter among six letters superimposed on an IAPS picture. Perceptual load was manipulated by varying the difficulty of letter detection, and behavioral results showed more accurate and faster detection responses at the low-load condition than at the high-load condition. The analysis of ERP data of control condition at which six letters were presented without an IAPS picture showed perceptual load effects on mean amplitude of N1 and P1 ERP components. At experimental condition including an IAPS picture, interaction between valence and perceptual load was observed on mean amplitude of N1 at posterior visual processing area, and the amplitude difference between low-load condition and high-load condition was larger on a negative background picture than on a neutral background picture. The results suggest that more attentional capacity might be consumed by a negative picture than by a neutral picture, and suggest that unattended affective picture is processed automatically and influence the early perceptual processing of target stimulus.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 1997

The influence of nutrients on the phytotoxicity of herbicides (bensulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, imazosulfuron, dimepiperate, and molinate) was investigated in controlled-environment growth chamber with direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Dongjin). The phytotoxicity of bensulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, and imazosulfuron for rice was greater in nutrient culture than in no-nutrient condition. The root growth of rice applied with these herbicides was more inhibited than the shoot growth. The most severe inhibition was obtained with pyrazosulfuron-ethyl application. The growth inhibition of rice applied by dimepiperate was increased under no-nutrient culture condition. Dimepiperate suppressed more remarkably shoot growth than root. Especially the shoot elongation was much more inhibited than the others. The shoot growth inhibition in rice applied by molinate was severer than the root. The shoot growth was reduced under nutrient culture condition, while the root growth was reduced under no-nutrient culture.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.738-746
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• 1995

Greenhouse studies were carried out to find the difference of growth, weed competition and herbicides response in barley(Hordeum vulgare L. emend Larnark) under foggy and non-foggy condition. Plant height, leaf stage, leaf width and shoot fresh weight of barley under foggy condition were greatly increased, while heading rate ripening rate and number of grains per panicle of barley were reduced. Weed emergence based on fresh weight was much greater under foggy than that under non-foggy condition. Plant height of barley under foggy condition was increased comparing with non-foggy condition and significantly reduced with increasing the duration of weed competition, while 1,000-grain weight of barley reduced by the early competition(0∼20 days). Among the herbicides treated, butachlor and thiobencarb inhibited growth of barley under foggy than non-foggy condition. Plant height of barley treated of herbicides under foggy condition was ever increased but 1,000-grain weight of barley was reduced. Weeding efficacy(75-90%) by shoot fresh weight of weeds under foggy condition at 25 days after application was lower 3 to 15% than that under non-foggy condition.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.2 s.105
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• pp.191-198
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• 2006

Many enterprises have introduced workflow to enhance work efficiency and support effective work processes in their various work environments. Recently, Business Process Management(BPM), an extension of workflow, is spotlighted in enterprise software markets Although woklflow plays an important role in Business Process Managements, researches in workflow are mostly concentrated on temporal constraints which finds exact execution sequences for complicated jobs. On that reason, majority of workflow scheduling has concentrated on modeling of various resources which should be handled and the interest for workflow scheduling under constraints related to resources is rather unsatisfactory In this paper we presents the Transformation Template based on Concurrent Transaction Logic(CTR) which is suitable for scheduling workflows with resource allocation constraints, and the logical framework. The Transformation Template consists of a Workflow Transformation Template and a Constraint Transaction Template. Especially the Transformation Template can be conveniently used to logically represent new workflows under the existing resource allocation constraints.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.201-209
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• 2001

고성능 마이크로 프로세서들은 성능 향상을 위해 ILP를 지원한다. 병렬성을 극대화시키기 위해서는 많은 성능 저해 요인들을 제거해야 한다. 최근에는 컴파일러의 역할을 증대시켜 이러한 요인들을 줄이기 위한 노력들이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 성능 저해 요인인 조건 분기 처리를 위하여 조건 실행과 레지스터 할당을 결합함으로써 메모리로의 대피를 최소화하고 병렬성을 향상시킬 수 있는 개선된 레지스터 할당 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 방법을 적용하여 실험한 결과 간섭 그래프의 에지수가 4.47% 감소되었고 그 결과 요구되는 대피 변수의 수도 21.35% 감소되었다. 그리고 기존의 방법에 비해 19.38%의 성능 향상 결과를 얻었다. 결국 본 레지스터 할당 기법은 조건 실행을 통해 조건 분기 명령을 제거하여 기본 블록 내의 명령어 수를 증가시켜 병렬처리의 기회를 증진시키고 조건 분석을 통해 간섭 그래프의 불필요한 에너지를 제거시켜 보다 효율적인 레지스터 할당을 실현함으로써 제안한 방법의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.36-41
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• 1997

제조업의 공동화 현상 및 3D 작업의 기피 현상 등으로 용접 고기량자의 구인 난 및 신규 용접인력의 감소 현상이 나타나고 있다. 이는 단기적으로는 경량 간이 용접 장치를 1인이 다수대를 운용함으로써 해결 가능하지만 적용 부위가 한정되고 수정 부위가 과다 발생되어 근본적인 해결책이라 보기는 어렵다 따라서 지능형 용접 ROBOT의 적용을 통한 용접기량자의 대체가 요구되어 지고 있다. 반면에 용접 ROBOT에 의한 고효율 및 고품질의 용접을 위해서는 용접재료, 용접기등의 발전도 중요하지만 고기량자에 준하는 최적 용접조건의 선정이 무엇보다도 중요하며 다양한 대상물에 대한 다양한 용접 사양을 만족하기 위해서는 기존 TEST를 통해서 얻어진 최적 용접 조건의 재현만으로는 한계를 가지게 되며 LASER SENSOR 등을 통한 용접부의 GROOVE 형상 혹은 ROOT GAP의 감지와 이에 적합한 용접조건을 REAL TIME으로 결정할 수 있는 용접 정보 처리 시스템이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 광범위한 용접정보 처리 시스템중 조선분야에 비중이 제일 큰 단층 FILLET 용접부위에 대하여 용접 ROBOT SYSTEM을 적용 할 경우 표준용접 조건 및 용접조건 최적화를 위한 용접전문가 시스템의 연구결과를 소개하고 향후 전망에 대해서 의견을 제시하고자 한다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.175-180
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• 1995

한국어는 교착어이기 때문에 형태소 해석은 자연언어 처리에서 매우 중요한 역할을 담당한다. 한국어 형태소 해석에서 주로 사용되는 정보는 두 형태소의 결합 가능 유무를 나타내는 접속정보이다. 이 접속정보는 단순한 품사정보에 의해서 표현되기 때문에 형태소 해석기의 과잉 해석의 원인이 된다. 이를 줄이기 위해 언어 지식의 일종인 포섭관계가 제안되었다[5]. 그러나, 포섭관계를 검사하기 위한 포섭조건들은 수작업에 의해서 작성되었다. 수작업으로 작성된 이들 조건들은 일관성 유지하기 어려울 뿐 아니라 완전한 조건들을 구하기도 어렵다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 문제를 해소하기 위해서 품사 태깅된 말뭉치를 이용해서 포섭조건의 자동 추출방법을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10c
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• pp.179-181
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 내장 실시간 시스템(real-time embedded system)에서의 성능 재조정(re-engineering) 문제를 다룬다. 성능 재조정 문제는 하드웨어와 소프트웨어가 이미 구현된 상태에서 새로운 성능조건이 요구될 때 이를 만족시키도록 시스템을 수정하는 문제이다. 본 논문에서의 성능 요구조건은 시간당 처리량(throughput)이나 입출력 지연시간(input-output latency)등이 고려된다. 제안된 방법은 병목점 분석(bottleneck analysis)과 비선형 최적화를 이용한다. 이를 위해 프로세스 네트워크(process network)로 표현된 시스템 디자인과 태스크 그래프, 태스크 할당(allocation)과 스케쥴링, 그리고 새로운 성능조건인 실시간 처리량을 입력으로 사용한다. 제안된 방법은 두 단계로 구성된다. 첫째, 프로세스 네트워크에서 프로세스의 지연시간을 계산하여 병목이 되는 프로세스를 찾아낸다. 둘째, 프로세싱 요소의 성능 개선율(performance scaling factor)을 변수로 하여 주어진 성능을 만족시키기 위한 시스템 제약조건을 유도한다. 이를 사용하여 하드웨어의 업그레이드 비용을 최소화하도록 제약조건을 풀고 각 프로세싱 요소(processing element)에 필요한 성능개선율을 구한다. 제안된 방법은 기존에 구성된 소프트웨어의 구조를 고치기 않기 때문에 재조정의 시간을 줄일 수 있게 한다.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.1646-1655
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• 1999

This thesis presents a new VHDL intermediate format CDDG(Control Dominated Data Graph) and a minimal constrained scheduling algorithm for an optimal control dominated ASIC design. CDDG is a control flow graph which represents conditional branches and loops efficiently. Also it represents data dependency and such constraints as hardware resource and timing. In the proposed scheduling algorithm, the constraints using the inclusion and overlap relation among subgraphs. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been proven by the experiment with the benchmark examples.