• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.509-518
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• 2010

Purpose: Major drawbacks of conventional bone marrow stromal cells (BSCs) transplantation method are mainly caused by direct transplanted cell to host cell interactions. We hypothesized that separation of the transplanted cells by a microporous membrane might inhibit most of the potential adverse effects and induce superior effect. The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal condition of the microporous membrane. Methods: First, BSCs were placed in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) transwell inserts with 3, 8, or $12{\mu}m$ pore size, and cultured in 24 well culture plates. After 5 days, bottoms of the plates were observed for presence of attached BSCs in monolayer and cell numbers were evaluated. Second, BSCs were placed PET, polycarbonate (PCT), and mixed cellulose esters (MCE) transwell inserts with 3 and $8{\mu}m$ pore size, and cultured in 24 well culture plates. After 3 days, the supernatants of the media left in culture plate were analyzed for collagen, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Third, BSCs were placed in 15% and 70% of the PET membrane with $3{\mu}m$ pore size. All the experimental conditions and methods were same as the second study. Results: The optimal pore sizes to prevent BSC leakage were $3{\mu}m$ and $8{\mu}m$. The amounts of type I collagen and three growth factors tested did not show significant differences among PET, PCT, and MCE groups. However, the collagen, VEGF, and bFGF levels were much higher in the high (70%) density group than in the low (15%) density group. Conclusion: This study revealed that the optimal pore size of membrane to prevent direct BSC to recipient cell contact is in between $3{\mu}m$ and $8{\mu}m$. Membrane materials and pore sizes do not influence the collagen and growth factor passage through the membrane. The most striking factor for collagen and growth factor transport is pore density of the membrane.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.220-226
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• 2010

Purpose: Many topical agents had been used for burn or wound treatment. An awareness of topical agents on various aspects of wound healing permits the clinician to choose the most appropriate material to advantageously control the wound process and final results. Although polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) was used as a tissue repair stimulating agent in a number of human diseases, such as ulcers and burns, its wound healing effects were largely unreported. We aimed to compare the woundhealing effects of PDRN and common dressing materials on full-thickness skin defect in the mouse. Methods: Full-thickness skin defects were made on the back of mice (N=60). The mice were divided into the following 4 groups according to the dressing used for the wounds: group O (Polydeoxyribonucleotide cream), group I (Polydeoxyribonucleotide solution), group M (Medifoam$^{(R)}$), and group G (dry gauze, control group). We analyzed the gross findings, wound sizes and histological findings for the groups. Results: The rate of wound size was decreased in order of group I, group O, group M and group G. The histological findings revealed that the I group showed more reepithelialization and granulation tissue formation and less inflammatory cell infiltration than the other materials. The grade score of wound healing was increased in order of group I, group O, group M and group G. Conclusion: PDRN applicated wound dressings can be used for treating a full-thickness skin defect wounds. Considering its superior efficacy in comparison to the efficacies of other wound dressings, PDRN soaked gauze dressing should be preferentially used for the treatment of fullthickness skin wounds.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2010

Purpose: Iodine has been used for the prevention or management of wound infection as a topical agent. Although iodine was widely used mainly by Betadine$^{(R)}$ and cadexomer iodine, there was no comparative study on the efficacies of dressing methods of iodine. And also it's wound healing effect was not yet clear. The purpose of this study is to compare antibacterial effects and wound healing effects associated with various dressing methods of iodine on infected full thickness skin defect in the mouse. Methods: One full thickness skin defects in the mice (n=60) were developed on the back and left open for twenty-four hours. Sixty mice were divided into four groups : group S (dressing with Betadine$^{(R)}$ soaking, n=15), group T (dressing with Betadine$^{(R)}$ topping, n=15), group I (dressing with Iodosorb$^{(R)}$, n=15), group G (control group, dressing with dry gauze, n=15). The size of the wound defects and the grades of wound healing were evaluated in 4, 7, 10 days, and antibacterial effect was evaluated with restricted zone in Mueller Hinton agar by disk diffusion method. Results: After the wound was left open for twenty-four hours, many Staphylococcus aureus were cultured. The wound defect size was decreased in order of Betadine$^{(R)}$ soaking, Iodosorb$^{(R)}$, Betadine$^{(R)}$ topping and gauze dressing group in all days, but difference among experimental groups was not statistically significant. The grade score of wound healing was increased in order of Betadine$^{(R)}$ soaking, Iodosorb$^{(R)}$, Betadine$^{(R)}$ topping and gauze dressing group, and the difference was statistically significant. Antibacterial effect for S. aureus was increased in order of Iodosorb$^{(R)}$, Betadine$^{(R)}$ soaking, Betadine$^{(R)}$ topping and gauze dressing group, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Selection of the effective dressing method of iodine for infected wounds remains a controversial decision. According to this study, Iodosorb$^{(R)}$ may be most effective method for antibacterial effect and Betadine$^{(R)}$ soaking may be most effective method for infected wound healing. However, further study is necessary to evaluate the clinical efficacy of dressing methods of iodine and to search for the mechanisms that explain their effects.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.493-500
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• 2003

This study was performed to determine the optimal dose of ozone for wound healing. Twenty Korean black goats were allocated to 4 groups. The skin wound with $1{\times}1cm$ was induced over the hoof. For 5 minutes per day, 0.1 ppm (Group I), 1 ppm (Group II) and 6 ppm (Group III) ozone gas was applied. In control group, 5 ml of normal saline was applied daily on the wound. Wound square was determined using color image analyzer at day 0, 4 and 14. Soft tissue depth of wound was determined using radiograph. Before the application of ozone gas, $1{\times}1cm$ of skin tissue was resected and observed for histopathologic findings. To determine the healing effect, $2{\times}1cm$ of wound tissue was resected and observed for histopathologic findings at day 14. In mean squares of wound, all experimental groups revealed more reduced mean squares than control group at day 4, and especially Group II (p<0.05) and Group III (p<0.05) revealed significant reduction. At day 14, Group I and Group II (p<0.05) revealed more reduced mean squares than control group, but Group III revealed less reduced mean squares than control group. In soft tissue depth of wound, all experimental groups and control group revealed swelling at day 4, compared with day 0. At day 14, all experimental groups and control group revealed reduction, compared with day 4, and especially Group II (p<0.05) revealed significant reduction. In histopathological findings, inflammation findings in epidermis and dermis, hemorrhagic finding in epidermis were revealed in control group. In Group I, inflammation finding was reduced, compared with control group. Formation of scab and many reepithelialization of epidermis were revealed. In Group II, inflammation findings in epidermis and dermis which were observed in control group were not found, normal skin tissue was revealed. In Group III, inflammation findings in epidermis and dermis were revealed, reepithelialization of epidermis was not founded. Slow healing process was observed, compared with Group I and II. It was concluded that Group II has excellent promotion effect of wound healing.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2010

Purpose: Many topical agents had been used for contaminated wound treatment. Although antimicrobial ointments were widely used as topical agents, their comparative antibacterial and wound healing effects were largely unreported. The purpose of this study was to compare antibacterial effects and wound healing effects of common topical ointments on infected full thickness skin defect in the mouse. Methods: One full thickness skin defects in the mice (n=60) were developed on the back and left open for twenty-four hours. Sixty mice were divided into four groups: group B (dressing with Bactroban$^{(R)}$, n=15), group I (dressing with Iodosorb$^{(R)}$, n=15), group T (dressing with Terramycin$^{(R)}$, n=15), group G (control group, dressing with dry gauze, n=15). The size of wound defects and the grades of wound healing were evaluated at 4, 7, 10 days, and antibacterial effect was evaluated with restricted zone in Mueller Hinton agar by disk diffusion method. After the wound was left open for twenty-four hours, many Staphylococcus aureus was cultured. The wound defect size was decreased in order of Bactroban$^{(R)}$ (B), Iodosorb$^{(R)}$ (I), Terramycin$^{(R)}$ and gauze dressing group in all days, but difference among experimental groups was not statistically significant. The grade score of wound healing was increased in order of Bactroban$^{(R)}$, Iodosorb$^{(R)}$, Terramycin$^{(R)}$ and gauze dressing group, and the difference was statistically significant. Antibacterial effect for was increased in order of Bactroban$^{(R)}$, Iodosorb$^{(R)}$, Terramycin$^{(R)}$ and gauze dressing group, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Topical antimicrobial ointments application was effective against wound infections by S. aureus. Bactroban$^{(R)}$ may be an optimal topical treatment for infected wounds according to this study. However, further study is necessary to evaluate the clinical efficacy of antimicrobial ointments and to search for the mechanisms that explain their effects.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.733-739
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• 2011

Purpose: Cellulose is a natural substance from plants or bacteria. It is known that bacterial synthesized cellulose has an effect of wound healing. The aim of this study is to show the effect of bacterial synthesized cellulose from citrus on wound healing. Methods: Three full-thickness skin defects were made on the back of Sprague-Dawley rats. Three wounds were treated by vaseline gauze (Group V), Algisite $M^{(R)}$ (Group A) and bacterial synthesized cellulose from citrus (Group C) was used for dressing on skin defect on rats. We analyzed the gross, histological and biochemistry finding. Results: Group C showed more decrease of wound size compared to Group V (33% versus 7.2%) after 14 days. The histologic findings revealed Group C and Group A preceed the process of wound healing rather than Group V (More rapid collagen deposition and neovascularization and reduced inflammation). Also, the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}1$ were increased in the Group C and Group A compared with the Group V in 7 days. VEGF and TGF-${\beta}1$ expression were decreased in the Group C and Group A in 14 days, however Group V was not decreased at 14 day because of delayed wound healing process. Conclusion: Bacterial synthesized cellulose from citrus affects wound healing by reducing the inflammatory stage. And stimulates wound contracture by the deposition of extracellular matrix, thus preventing the formation of chronic wounds.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.403-407
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• 1996

1987년 1월부터 1994년 12월까지 경상대 학교병원 흉부외과학교실에서는 123명의 자연기흥 환자를 대 상으로 137회의 개흥술을 시 행하였다. 이 중 남자가 118명, 여자가 6명이었으며. 평균 나이는 32.4세였다. 수술의 적응증은 재발성 기흥과 지속적 공기 누출이 가장 많았으며 그 외 흉부촬영상 폐기포의 존 재, 과거 반대쪽 기흥, 폐의 재팽 창 불능, 양측성 기흥 등이 었다 개흥의 방법은 액와부 소개흥술이 82례,외측 소개흥이 12례, 후방외측개흥술이 43례에서 시행되었고, 소요된 수술시간은 각각 63.0 $\pm$ 30.8분, 98.3 $\pm$ 37.9분, 186.9 $\pm$ 87.9분이었으며, 술후 흥관 거치 기간은 액와부 소개흥술의 경우 5.2 $\pm$ 4.1일, 소개흥술의 경우 6.2 $\pm$ 5.0일, 후방외측개흥술의 경우 10.0 $\pm$ 5.8 일이 었다. 수술 소견상 일차성 자연 기흥과 결핵의 경우에는 상엽 쪽에 기포가 많이 존재하고 있었으나, 만성 폐쇄성 폐 질환이나 폐기종의 경우에는 주요 기포의 분포에 편중은 없었다(p<0.01). 사용 술식은 쐐 기형 절제가 주로 시행되었고 그 외 폐기포 폐쇄,및 폐염절제 등이었다. 술후 합병증으로는 지속적 공기 누출, 출혈, 상완신경총 마비, 농흥, 창상 감염 \ulcorner이 있었으나 퇴원시 다 치유되었고, 수술사망례는 없었다.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.113-117
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• 2012

73세 남자환자가 내원 8개월 전 좌측 원위 대퇴부의 연부 조직 종괴로 타 병원에서 절제술을 시행받은 뒤, 재발하여 4개월 뒤 재수술을 받았으나, 수술 부위의 치유되지 않는 창상을 주소로 내원하였다. 타 병원에서 시행한 조직 검사 소견은 단순 낭종이었다. 수술 소견상 종괴는 외측 광근의 근막층을 침범하면서 경계가 불규칙하며 주변으로 유착되어 있어, 종괴로부터 5 cm 경계를 확보하여 단순 절제술을 시행하였다. 본원 조직검사 결과, 악성 섬유성 조직구종으로 진단되어 추가적인 방사선 치료를 시행하였다. 수술 후 1년째까지, 크기가 증가되거나 타 부위에 전이되는 소견은 관찰되지 않았다. 단순 낭종으로 생각하고 절제술을 시행하였으나, 악성 섬유성 조직구종으로 확진되었던 경우로, 종양 절제술은 수술 전 세밀한 검사 및 진단이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a topical 0.2% hyaluronic acid (HA) preparation in the management of wound after removal of arch bar for facial bone fracture and a suture site after orthognatic, oral cancer or oral surgery. Forty patients participated in a randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind trial to evaluate the efficacy of the topical HA and preparation. HA topically applied to the wound after removal of arch bar or stitch out, 3 times a day for 4 weeks. Evaluation is performed once a week for 4 weeks. For subjective evaluation, relative pain reduction in visual analog scale (VAS) and existence of heat sensation was accessed. For objective evaluation, gross evaluation, papilla index, existence of wound dehiscence, redness and swelling was checked. The same evaluation was performed in each arch bar group and suture group. For whole subject, 0.2% HA group resulted higher reduction than placebo group in pain of site in first week with significancy. Same findings were seen other weeks but there was no significancy. 0.2% HA group had better result than placebo in objective evaluation (papilla index, wound dehiscence, redness and swelling), but in gross evaluation placebo had better result than 0.2% HA group with no significancy. Subject was divided into suture group and arch bar group. Same aspect was seen, but only suture group had significancy not arch bar group in pain reduction score. 0.2% HA group resulted higher reduction than placebo group in pain of site in first week with significancy, especially in suture group. It reveals topical application of HA in wound especially suture site reduced pain in early stage. And 0.2% HA group had better result than placebo in papilla index, redness and swelling with no statistical significancy. In conclusion, HA has effect of pain reduction and healing promotion in the mucosal wound after oral surgery.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.413-420
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• 2009

본 연구는 성체우의 FS, MS, C-MS를 배양액에 첨가하여 세포증식과 난포의 성장과 배란에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 실시하였다. 세포증식은 세포수와 MTT assay을 실시하여 확인하였다. 그 결과 세포증식은 혈청첨가 배양액에 따라 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. 특히 근육위성세포의 세포증식은 MS를 첨가한 배양액에서 높은 반면 면역세포의 증식은 FBS에서 배양한 세포에 비해 낮은 것을 확인하였다. 또한 난포의 성장 및 배란을 관찰한 결과 난포의 성장에 유의한 차이가 없었으나 군간 차이를 보였으며 배란율과 비례적이었고, 배란율은 FBS와 C-MS가 첨가된 배양액에서 유의적으로 높은 것을 관찰할 수 있었다(P<0.05). FBS군과 C-MS 군 간에는 차이가 없었다. 3T3-L1 세포에서 창상치유는 FS에서 배양한 세포에서 빠른 회복을 나타냈으며, 증식은 MS에서 높게 나타났다(p<0.001). 따라서 본 결과는 세포배양 과정에서 세포에 따른 혈청의 선택은 매우 중요하다는 근거자료를 제시 하였으며, 분리 된 성별 특이 한우 혈청은 FBS의 대체 물질로서 사용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.