• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.59-76
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of individual cultural disposition on the perception of contextual information and attitude toward contextual material, and to provide the effective ways of delivering information. To investigate individual cultural disposition, this study employed Triandis(1988)'s cultural scale that classified people into four categories using individualism/collectivism and vertical/horizontal dimensions. The results revealed that Korean college students had higher horizontal collectivism than other cultural dispositions, but only a few Korean college students had vertical individualism. The results using regression analysis revealed that Korean college students with vertical collectivism significantly perceived more contextual information than other groups.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.221-257
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• 2020

This study examined whether popular music lyrics, the new research topic, reflect changes in Koreans' cultural orientation and whether individuals' cultural orientation is related to the genre of popular music that they prefer. In Study 1, we content analyzed popular music lyrics from 1980 to 2018 to see if Koreans' cultural orientations changed over time. The analysis showed that as the release dates approached the 2010s, the lyrics expressed the ideal attitudes of individualist cultures more frequently than those of collectivist cultures; this suggests that Koreans have gradually become more individualistic over time. In Study 2, we examined the relationships between individuals' cultural orientations, preferences for various genres of popular music, and functions of music. The analysis showed that people with more collectivistic attitudes tended to prefer mid- and low-arousal music, such as Ballads and Rap/Hiphop, while those with less collectivistic attitudes preferred high-arousal music, such as Rock/Metal. This result is partly consistent with the hypothesis that collectivistic people would prefer lower to higher arousal music. In addition, our analysis showed the strongest positive relationship between collectivism and the social function of music; this result can be interpreted as indicating that collectivistic people use music to maintain good interpersonal relationships. This paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings, the limitations of this study, and directions for further research.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.5968-5981
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• 2015

In Korean companies, traditional collectivism have been merged into individualism caused by meritocracy. In order to better understanding about change of cultural characteristics, we examine the relationship between collectivism / individualism and person-environment fit. The data was obtained from 203 employees working in 5 Korean company and 173 employees in 4 companies in China. Results confirmed that collectivism increases employee's person-environment fit (person-organization, person-supervisor, person-coworker) and further leads to high levels of affective organizational commitment. The moderating roles that individualism play upon the relationships between collectivism and person-environment fit (person-organization, person-supervisor, person-coworker) were also investigated. Results confirmed that individualism enhance the impact collectivism has upon person-environment fit. In addition, this study found the significantly difference between Korea and China in effect of collectivism on person-environment fit. Lastly, the study also has explored theoretical and practical implications and the limitations of this research as well as the future directions of research.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.91-103
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine how family strengths and cultural disposition were correlated to their interpersonal relationship. Participant of this research were 282 boys and girls who were high schools. Major findings of this study were as follows: 1) there was statistically significant differences in the interpersonal dispositions between sex. 2) boys and girls were significantly conncerning positive correlation among family strengths, cultural disposition and interpersonal dispositions. Multiple regression analysis showed that family strengths, cultural disposition and variables influenced social relation orientation and expression orientation.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.285-303
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the zero-sum belief scale among a sample of Korean adults. The original scale was developed by Różycka-Tran, Boski, and Wojciszke (2015) based on the Belief in a Zero-Sum Game (BZSG) model. A total of 508 participants (252 college students and 256 non-student adults) completed an online survey comprised of the scales of zero-sum belief, social trust, subjective socioeconomic status, individualistic-collectivistic tendencies, and social comparison orientation. Results of the exploratory factor analysis and the confirmatory factor analysis indicated that zero-sum belief scale has one factor. The internal consistency of the zero-sum belief scale was good. The Zero-sum belief scale did not have a significant relationship with social trust and subjective socioeconomic status. However, the scale was positively associated with vertical individualistic and vertical collectivistic tendencies and negatively associated with horizontal collectivistic tendencies. There was no significant relationship between zero-sum belief and horizontal individualistic tendencies, but there was a significant positive relationship between zero-sum belief and social comparison orientation. However, the results from the college student sample and the non-student adult sample were different. Lastly, this study could facilitate future research on zero-sum belief in South Korea, and future studies are needed to reveal the predictors and effects of zero-sum belief.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.269-293
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• 2012

This study aimed to investigate the interactive effects of individual's cultural disposition (individualism, collectivism, horizontal disposition and vertical disposition) and cognitive style (analytic vs. holistic thinking) combination on differences in global precedence. For this purpose, the participants were divided into 4 different cultural disposition groups based on Singelis et al.'s(1995) INDCOL scale, and 2 cognitive style groups based on Choi et al.'s(2007) AHS, and required to respond selectively to global or local property of two types of compound stimuli (compound figure and compound letter). Reaction time and error rates for both global or local property were analyzed and compared as the dependent measurement. The results can be summarized as followings. First, faster responses were observed in compound figure condition than in compound letter condition, and to global property than to local property. Second, contrasting to individualism-cognitive style or horizontal disposition-cognitive style combinations, significant interaction effects both between collectivism and cognitive style, and between vertical disposition and cognitive style on global/local processing were found. This result indicated that combinations of collectivism-holistic thinking and vertical disposition-holistic thinking can induced larger global precedence effect than other combinations of cultural disposition and cognitive style.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.593-610
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore how the collectivism of Koreans has changed or has not changed. Through in-depth interviews and FGI with the older and new generations, keywords that express Korean collectivism today were discovered. First, the collectivism of Koreans is defined as 'selective collectivism', which is based on a more compact group consisting of self-selected members rather than a given group as before. Second, with the development of technology, online collectivism, in contrast to offline collectivism, emerged. Online collectivism is based on communication using online technology, and is characterized by horizontal relationship based on anonymity and 24-hour connectivity that transcends time and space. Third, the most important factor that composes Korean collectivism was found to be 'Cheong', which was recognized as an unchanged aspect of collectivism. Lastly, for Koreans, the group is closely related to self-identity, and for this reason, Koreans are obsessed with the sense of belonging to the group membership and the relationship with the members. The implications and limitations of the study were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.69-86
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• 2013

The recent findings proposed and found that people from Eastern cultures could experience strong cognitive dissonance only when certain conditions, such as other-related choices, normative attitudes, were fulfilled. Even though such interesting findings are intuitively convincing on the basis of common understanding of individualist and collectivist cultures, the psychological mechanisms underlying the cultural variations of cognitive dissonance remain untested. The present study examined the role of attitude importance in cognitive dissonance by using the free-choice paradigm. After completing a pretest of individualism-collectivism scales, 60 college students ranked their preference to 10 items of either beverage or traffic regulations twice. Between the two ranking tasks, they were asked to engage in behavioral selection among their 5^th and 6^th preferred items. They also rated the personal importance of the preference. The results showed that attitude importance was positively correlated with attitude change and it could play a major role in experiencing cognitive dissonance beyond cultural orientation and situational factors. The current findings were discussed in universality of cognitive dissonance across cultures.

• Journal of Ethics
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• no.77
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• pp.73-112
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• 2010

This study aims to explore the character and problem of multicultural society in Korea in terms of the concept of moral panics. Its major issues are dealt with as follows: Firstly, this essay will apply two concepts of culture in multiculturalism - the pattern of meaning and a study of perfection- to three degrees of multicultural members: by individual, by groups and by a society as a whole. In this approach, moral panics of multicultural society in Korea have been manipulated by the secondary definitions like Korean government and media. In this study, however, the resource of the panics would be seen as nationalism in Korean history. To remove it in this essay, the conception of the pattern of meaning, which makes members understand others outer their norms, should be harmonized with that of a study of perfection by which they have identities. Secondly, the main subject of multiculturalism in Korea should at least be majority (groups)-Korean, not minority (groups)-foreigners. A stereotype of foreigners by majority is an image distorted by nationalities and races. People, for example, with the white skin from advanced countries are recognized as superior, while those born in the countries of Southeast Asia are, consciously or unconsciously, discriminated and have low positions due to socio-economic stratification in Korea. In this sense, a study of multicultural society in Korea should go forward to the inner direction to majority, because it is one of the real moral panics in Korea. In conclusion, it is important that there must be a study of identity which we can have of others in multicultural studies of Korea. It enables us to meet the conception of diversity. In that Korean government and media have neglected the danger of nationalism, it is also necessary that this study have any foundation of morality in ethics, which can give useful alternatives to the given polices of the secondary definitions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.722-731
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• 2016

Previous findings on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors is a useful index for effectiveness of the organization. Also, it is a factor that explains the relation between its member's attitude and behavior as organizational commitment had been stabilized. Since autonomy and rapidity has become more important in increasing the efficiency of the organization, this means Organizational Citizenship Behaviors has become important in it. Organizational Citizenship Behaviors of the members occurs only when discretion and autonomy are given to its members. Therefore, this study aimed at measuring the effects of police officer's personal dispositions on organizational citizenship behaviors, exploring the moderation effect of organization culture, and providing the basis with implications to promote the Organizational Citizenship Behaviors in the police Organization. By reviewing previous finding, Police Officer's Personal Dispositions were selected as independent variables, Organizational Citizenship Behaviors was selected as dependent variable. and Organizational Culture was selected as moderation variable. The result of analysis showed that The belief & The Norm influenced in Organizational Citizenship Behaviors(positive), and The Value in Organizational Citizenship Behaviors(negative). And The moderation effect was tested: The Value${\rightarrow}$Hierarchical Culture${\rightarrow}$Organizational Citizenship Behaviors(negative), The belief${\rightarrow}$Rational Culture${\rightarrow}$Organizational Citizenship Behaviors(negative)