• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.217-224
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• 2016

As livestock diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease are highly infectious and likely to inflict nationwide damage, it is important to detect such diseases in advance. Infection of foot-and-mouth disease is determined in the field through examination of external symptoms such as rise in body temperature. However, as the disease is carried around initially by travelling veterinarians in some cases, it is critical to measure the body temperature of livestock to detect abnormal temperature pattern early on and transmit temperature reading data remotely to a veterinarian remotely to expedite decision. In this study, we have developed a telemedicine system designed to connect veterinarians and livestock farmers and measure the body temperature of Korean beef cattle with IR sensor module linked to ubiquitous ICT platform as a solution for controlling health conditions of Korean beef cattle and improving the efficiency of livestock farming operations at individual farm, regional, and national level by converging ubiquitous ICT platform and livestock farming practices. Successfully employing the state-of-the-art IT technologies of Korea, the system proposed herein is expected to make Korea's livestock farming industry more sustainable and help the nation to secure technological preeminence in the global livestock products market.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.2 s.112
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• pp.225-236
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• 2005

The protection of public health In wastewater reclamation and reuse is one of the most important issues. Monitoring data of Escherichia coli were collected from paddy rice plots in 2003 and 2004 experiments. Five treatments were used and each one was triplicated to evaluate the changes of E. coli: surface water, biofilter effluent (secondary level), UV-disinfected water and pond treatment. Microbial risk was quantified to assess human health risk by exposure to E. coli in paddy rice plots, which were irrigated with reclaimed wastewater. Beta-Poisson model was used to estimate the microbial risk of pathogen ingestion that may occur to farmer and neighbor children. Monte-Carlo analysis (10,000 trials) was used to estimate the risk characterization of uncertainty. In the following analysis, two scenarios were related to the reduction of risk against direct ingestion and exposure times. Scenarios A and B were assumed that the risk was 1,000 and 10,000 times lower than direct ingestion.'Golfers were assumed to be 0.001 L of reclaimed water by contact with balls and their cloths. Opportunity of contact in paddy rice field with pathogens was more frequent than handing golf balls, because of agricultural activity was practiced in ponded water in paddy rice culture. As a result of microbial risk assessment using total data of experimental period, risk value of E. coli in 2003 and 2004 experiment ranged from $10^{-5}$ to $10^{-8}$ and $10^{-4}$ to $10^{-8}$, respectively. The risk values in biofilter effluent irrigation was the highest, which is $10^{-4}$ in 2003 and $10^{-5}$ in 2004 experiments with scenario A. Ranges of $10^{-6}$ to $10^{-8}$ were considered at reasonable levels of risk for communicable disease transmission from environmental exposure and the risk value above $10^{-4}$ was considered to be attributable to the risk of infection. Irrigation with UV-disinfected water in the paddy field during the agricultural Period showed significantly lower microbial risk than others, and their levels of risk value were within the range of actual paddy rice field with surface water.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.164-164
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• 2017

스마트 돈사 환경의 복지 및 생산성 향상을 위하여 정량 분석법을 기반으로 한 모돈 관리의 중요성이 증가하고 있다. 모돈은 교배, 임신, 분만, 포유, 이유를 순환적 반복하여 이루어지는데 모돈의 관리는 돈사 농장의 생산성 및 경제성과 직결된다. 모돈 관리에 필요한 환경 및 계측정보를 획득하고 이 정보로부터 모돈의 개체관리를 극대화시키고 최적의 방안을 찾고자 지속적으로 계측이 가능한 모돈의 돈사 모니터링 시스템이 필요하다. 모돈의 행동특성 계측이 가능한 시스템이 필요한 이유는 모돈의 행동 특성(섭식 및 지제불량 등)에 상응하는 대사 불량, 질병 및 발정 징후 등을 조기에 발견할 수 있기 때문이다. 돈사 내에서 정지 상태로 판별이 되는 모돈의 지제상태(기립상태, 누운 상태, 앉은 상태)와 다르게 연속적인 움직임으로부터 판별되는 모돈의 섭식상태를 분석하기 위해서는 계측 시스템과 이를 분석해주는 시스템간의 시간적 차이를 최소화 할 수 있는 실시간 신호 처리 기술이 필수적이다. 모돈의 섭식을 정량적으로 지수화하기 위한 센서의 최소 SPS(sample per second)는 600 Hz($100Hz{\times}6$개)로서 최소 6개 ADC 채널과 최소 1,200 Hz 이상으로 샘플링 할 수 있는 마이크로 컨트롤러가 필요하다. 또한 16 비트의 분해능으로 1분 동안 연속 계측을 수행할 경우 필요한 정보량은 153,600 KByte ($1,200sample/s{\times}16bit/sample{\times}8Byte/bit$)으로 실시간 처리를 수행하기에 매우 큰 정보량이라 판단할 수 있다. 수행하고자 하는 정보처리 기법에 따라 다소 상이할 수 있으나, 1분을 주기로 모돈의 섭식 분석을 수행하고자 할 경우 최도 150 MByte의 정보량을 처리하기 위한 최소의 클럭수는 단순 대입의 경우 2.5 Mhz (clock/second) ($=1clock/Byte{\times}150MByte/60seconds$) 이며 덧셈(4 clock)의 경우 10 Mhz, 곱셈(16 clock)의 경우 40 Mhz의 클럭이 필요하다. 또한 정보의 저장 및 도시를 위해 필요한 부가적인 회로(LCD, SD메모리) 구동을 위해 필요한 클럭을 고려할 경우 추가적인 클럭이 필요하다. 이를 종합적으로 고려하여 120 Mhz ($= 40Mhz{\times}3$) 이상의 클럭이 필요하다고 판단할 수 있다. 또한 센서 계측 주기의 시간 분해능을 균등하게 유지하기 위해선 계측->도시->저장의 과정을 교차적으로 수행해야 한다. 이러한 과정을 거처 최종적으로 선정한 마이크로 프로세서는 ARM Cortex-M4이며 168 MHz로 연산 수행이 가능하여 목표하고자 하는 신호처리를 수행 할 수 있다. 현장 예비 실험을 통해 기대 성능을 만족하였으며, 시간 복잡도가 높은 연산을 대비하여 최적 시분할 스케쥴링 기법에 대한 보완이 필요하다고 판단되었다.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

During delivery, fetal death rate is about 1%. Since fetal death or infection have been continuously occurred, low cost fetal monitoring techniques are required. This study proposes an electronic stethoscope system for fetal phonogram by developing an amplifier to detect fetal movement and heart sound from abdomen of the pregnant woman. Using the electronic stethoscope, it is possible to listen or record the fetal sound and to analyze or store the digitized signal. Through the performance test using the developed system with 30 pregnant women in university hospital, it was found that the developed amplifier showed low noise, high performance. The system can detect heart sound and periods of heartbeats of a 22-week fetus.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.146-149
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• 2013

Bacteria of genus Vibrio are Gram-negative, curved, halophilic, nonspore-forming bacteria, autochthonous inhabitans of the marine and estuarine environments. Some of the Vibrio species such as V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, and V. cholerae are associated with human disease. Each year many people have been suffering from food-borne disease caused by the ingestion of seafood. In this study, we have monitored antibiotic resistance of this microorganism in 6 coastal areas of West Sea by sampling shellfish monthly. Vibrio spp. were detected from 23.3% of 120 samples analyzed using TCBS agar plates as well as API 20E kit. Among 16 antibiotics tested, resistance to vancomycin and ampicillin was observed in 82.1% of the isolates, and Vibrio spp. resistant to rifampin (71.4%) and cephalothin (53.6%) were also high. Most of the isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol (92.9%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (92.9%), and tetracycline (96.4%). About 71.4% of the isolates showed multiple drug resistance toward 3 antibiotics including vancomycin and ampicillin.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2014

In this study spatial analysis of PM10 was performed to Particulate Materials(PM) less than $10{\mu}m$ in diameter in Seoul city. Because PM10 are responsible for the increasing mortality rate of lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases, spatial distribution of PM10 are special interest in air pollution of Seoul. In this study, spatial analysis of Particulate Materials were monitored by monthly averaged PM10 concentration of 2010, 2011. The monthly spatial patterns of PM10 showed the west area of Seoul(Youngdungpo) higher PM10 concentration than northern part of Seoul in early spring and winter seasons. In the comparison of PM10 concentration distribution patterns in 2010 and 2011, the PM10 concentration of 2011 at Gangnam and Songpa-gu were more increased than yearly averaged patterns of 2010. The distribution patterns of PM10 in Seoul city showed the high concentration PM10 of several areas with Youngdungpo-gu, Gangnam-gu and Cheongnyangni. Therefore we need to establish PM10 management strategy for these area.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.3517-3522
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• 2011

Contamination of public bath water by waterborne pathogens can cause disease outbreaks and contribute to background rates of disease. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of waterborne pathogens in public baths. A total of 30 water samples were collected from 30 different public baths in seoul, Korea. Pathogens in water samples were concentrated by 0.45 ${\mu}m$ nitrocellulose membrane filter, analyzed by both cultivation and polymerase chain reaction-reverse blot hybridization (PCR-REBA) of partial 16S rRNA gene. Various microorganisms including Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. were identified by microbiological cultivation. E. coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Mycobacterium spp. were identified by PCR-REBA. Our results suggest that appropriate hygiene practice and continuous monitoring is needed for reducing health risk associated with public bath houses.

• Food Industry
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• s.220
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• pp.66-79
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• 2011

중국 중산층의 확대로 중국 식품시장이 큰 폭의 성장세를 지속하고 있다. 특히 새로운 맛과 안전한 먹거리에 대한 국민적 관심이 높아지면서 최근 5년간 중국의 농수산 식품 수입 증가율은 22.8%로 동 기간 전제 수입증가율 15.8%를 상회했다. 세부 식품별로는 어류, 육류, 과일류 등 미가공식품들의 수입 비중이 여전히 높지만, 근년들어 제과제빵류, 낙농품, 알콜 및 음료 등 가공식품 중심으로 수입이 큰 폭으로 증가하고 있다. 중국내 도시화와 서구화된 식습관이 확산되면서 중국인들이 과거 미가공식품 중심에서 가공식품중심으로 식품소비가 바뀌고 있음을 알 수 있다. 중국인들은 한국 식품에 대해 전반적으로 만족하고 있으며 특히 경쟁국 식품과 비교할 때 품질과 맛, 디자인 강점이라고 인식하고 있는 것으로 설문조사 결과 나타났다. 가격 조건에 대해서는 바이어가 개인구매자 보다 덜 민감한 한펀 한국식품의 맛에 대해서는 젊은층이 장년층 보다 만족도가 더 높게 나타났다. 그리고 특히 한국의 육류/해산물(가공품 포함), 건강식품, 제과제빵류, 소스류(장류)는 향후 중국에서 인가를 얻을 것이라는 응답이 높게 나타났다. 실제로 작년 중국의 대한국 수입 통계를 보면 어류 당류 등 미가공식품의 비중이 여전히 높지만, 최근 5년간 제과제빵류 채소/과일조제품, 알콜/음료 등 가공식품의 수입이 빠르게 늘고 있는 추세이다. 향후대중국 식품수출 확대를 위해서 중국인들의 식습관 변화를 면밀히 모니터링함으로써 새로운 가공식품과 고급식품에 대한 수요를 파악, 상품화하는데 보다 주력해야 한다. 한류 영향으로 된장, 고추장 등 한국 전통 장류에 대한 중국인들의 관심과 기대가 높은 만큼 현지 마트 등을 중심으로 장류를 이용한 한식 요리교실 개최 등 한식을 알리기 위해 보다 적극적인 마케팅 방안을 강구해야 할 것이다. 또한 방한 중국인 관광객들이 귀국 후에 온라인 쇼핑몰을 통해 한식 식자재를 구매할 수 있는 시스템을 구축하는 것도 효과적일 것이다. 마지막으로 평소 철저한 품질관리를 통해 구제역 등의 질병을 사전에 예방하는 노력이 무엇보다도 중요하다.

• Journal of Convergence Society for SMB
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2012

As the global warming and climate change cause the various social problems, such as disasters, abnormal temperature and diseases, technologies and studies for energy conservation and efficiency are increased. Energy use in buildings accounted for 22% of national energy use, so energy saving technology is promoted for residence, commercial and public buildings. Existing methods for energy conservation are passive ways, in that they consider heat loss and low-energy equipment. In recent years, active technologies emerge by converging with ICT, which detect and remove the energy waste situation by measuring, monitoring and controlling the energy use. In this paper, we describe technology trends for building energy optimization and investigates issues for active energy savings.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.129-134
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• 2010

Diseases such as cardiovascular illnesses, according to the National Statistical Office opened reveals that 600-800 people were killed, blood pressure, arteriosclerosis, heart disease, stroke, etc. will be a flow of blood disorders that occur in cardiovascular illnesses today are fulfilling the Master / Slave samangryulin disease appears high. Died of cardiovascular disease also told them the correct first aid survival when patients are accounted for approximately 40% of emergency rapid response is required. Therefore, this paper, the weak classifier in the AdaBoost algorithm to generate a strong classifier by combining effects throughout the analysis to measure the ECG, and cardiovascular disease that occurred to you as soon as the emergency management system that can deliver on the proposed Desk was. The electrocardiogram data measured by the ZigBee-based sensors, communication devices and emergency transport for emergency alarms in the determination and monitoring of the management desk by providing health services to enable the delivery was fast.