• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.85-94
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• 2020

Vowel articulation in subjects related to speech disorders seems to be difficult. A chant method that properly reflects the characteristics of language could be used as an effective way of addressing the difficulties. The purpose of this study was to find out whether the chant method is effective as a means of enhancing vowel articulation. The subjects of this study were 60 normal adults (30 males and 30 females) in their 20s and 30s whose native language is Korean. Eight utterance conditions including chanting and reading conditions were recorded and their acoustic data were analyzed. The results of the analysis of the acoustic variables related to the formant confirmed that the F1 and F2 values of the vowel formants are increased and the direction of movement of the center of gravity of the vowel triangle is statistically significantly forwarded and lowered in the chant method in both the word and the phrase context. The results also proved that accent is the most influential musical factor in chant. There was no significant difference between four repeated tokens, which increased the reliability of the results. In other words, chanting is an effective way to shift the center of gravity of the vowel triangle, which suggests that it can help to improve speech intelligibility by forming a desirable place for articulation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.921-927
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• 2016

Postprandial hyperglycemia is an early defect of type 2 diabetes and one of primary anti-diabetic targets. The alpha-glucosidase inhibitors regulate postprandial hyperglycemia by impeding the rate of carbohydrate (such as starch) digestion in the small intestine. This study was designed to investigate the inhibitory actions of mulberry fruit extract (MFE) on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, and its alleviating effect on postprandial hyperglycemia activities in vitro and in vivo. Male four-week old ICR mice and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice were treated with mulberry fruit extract. MFE showed strong inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of 0.16 and 0.14 mg/ml, respectively, and was more effective than acarbose, which was used as a positive control. The increase in postprandial blood glucose levels was more significantly attenuated in the MFE-administered group mice than in the control group mice of both STZ-induced diabetic and normal mice. Moreover, the area under the glucose response curve significantly decreased following MFE administration in diabetic mice. These results indicate that MFE may be a potent inhibitor of α-glucosidase and α-amylase, and helpful in suppressing postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. The mulberry fruit extracts may be considered as a potential candidate for the management of diabetes.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2010

Purpose: Troglitazone (TRO), a PPAR-$\gamma$ agonist, can reduce heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and increase the antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, which might affect thermal sensitivity. Here, we investigated whether TRO modifies thermal sensitivity in uterine cervical cancer cells, which is most commonly treated by hyperthermia (HT). Materials and Methods: HeLa cells were treated with $5{\mu}M$ TRO for 24 hours before HT at $42^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour. Cell survival was analyzed by clonogenic assay. The expression of HSPs was analyzed by Western blot. SOD and catalase activity was measured and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate and dihydroethidium. Results: The decreased cell survival by HT was increased by preincubation with TRO before HT. Expression of HSP 70 was increased by HT however, it was not decreased by preincubation with TRO before HT. The decreased Bcl-2 expression by HT was increased by preincubation with TRO. SOD and catalase activity was increased by 1.2 and 1.3 times,respectively with TRO. Increased ROS by HT was decreased by preincubation with TRO. Conclusion: TRO decreases thermal sensitivity through increased SOD and catalase activity, as well as scavenging ROS in HeLa cells.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.79 no.5
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• pp.259-263
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• 2018

A 52-year-old male complained of a painless, firm, and slow-growing mass in his right breast outer portion. The chest CT revealed a 3.3 cm-sized oval shaped, microlobulated, mild enhancing mass. Ultrasound showed a microlobulated marginated heterogeneous hypoechoic mass with internal vascularity and calcifications in the mass. On the ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy, the mass was confirmed as a benign granular cell tumor (GCT). The patient transferred to another hospital and underwent surgical removal of the lesion. GCT of the breast is uncommon and mostly benign neoplasm to originate from Schwann cell. Clinical and radiologic features of GCTs, including CT and ultrasound images, mimic malignancy and make diagnosis of GCT more difficult. The CT images of GCTs are much rarely reported. Physicians and radiologists must be aware of radiologic characteristics of this rare benign tumor for male breast, to avoid misdiagnosis this tumor for breast malignancy and overtreat.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.118-123
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• 2022

A dermatophyte is a zoonotic infection that causes infection on the skin, hair, and nails and is transmitted through contact. The species of Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton are the major dermatophytes that infect humans. Tinea capitis is a dermatophyte infection in the scalp, and it may progress to kerion celsi, including severe redness, swelling, and pus formation. Kerion celsi is sometimes misdiagnosed as a bacterial infection or a tumor. Trichophyton verrucosum is a zoophilic dermatophyte that mainly causes infection in cattle. It can be spread to dairy farmers or ranchers who have frequent contact with infected cattle. We report a pediatric case who received scalp tumor excision and a split-thickness skin graft for extensive and severe inflammatory scalp tumors that occurred after contact with cattle with ringworm. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with kerion celsi caused by T. verrucosum infection. This was based on the patient's medical history, clinical manifestations, and histopathologic findings.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.217-223
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• 2022

Among various health functional foods, probiotics constitute the largest market. The interest in probiotics is increasing continuously according to the research results that gut health can control the immune function of the body, prevent diseases, and assist in treatment. In this study, dairy products and dressing sauces were developed using Ficus carica vinegar (FV), and their effects on colon cells were analyzed. When 5% FV was added to regular milk, the satisfaction with the resulting yogurt and ricotta cheese was high. The dairy product was Leuconostoc lactis, and the number of bacteria was more than 1.0×10⁷~1.0×10⁸ CFU/mL. The product satisfied the health food standards as probiotics. An examination of the cell viability of Caco-2 cells, which proliferate similarly to human intestinal epithelial cells, revealed an approximately 19% increase in the proliferation rate when treated with whey at 10%. An antioxidant activity of up to 58% was recorded when the cells were treated with whey at various concentrations. In addition, excellent adhesion was observed for L.latis isolated from whey. This study confirmed that dairy products made using traditionally fermented FV assist intestinal health effectively as the microbiome.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.45-52
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• 2022

Objective : In this study, we conducted to analysis the patents about Korean medicine based treatment technology for pet. Methods : We collected the Korean, Japan, USA, China, EU and PCT patent for the Korean medicine-based treatment technology for pet using WIPSON data base registered by October 4, 2020 were selected. Results : Patents for the development of pet Korean medicine-based treatment technology have been constantly applied since the mid-2000s, starting in 1990, with a total of 84 applications. The number of patent applications filed in Korea was the largest, after Japan and China. The detailed composition of the applications reported until now is pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of pet were the most applied with 39%(33 cases), followed by feed used as stocks for pet at 36%(30 cases). According to the patent application rate by disease, most of applications rate composed to be associated with immunity in 2009 to 2013 with 40% of applications. In 2014 to 2018 43% of patent applications are associated with gastrointestinal/digestive system. In this regard, multiple applications were filed in the order of immunity, digestive system, obesity and urinary system. Conclusion : This study analyzed the trend of 84 patents about Korean medicine-based treatment technology for pet to date to establish the basis for future research and development. There were many applications related to immunity from 2009 to 2013, and since then, related to digestive disease from 2014 to 2018.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.47-74
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop a music teacher training program for global citizenship education and explore its effects on the participants' capacity for global citizenship. The program focused on multicultural education, including diversity and tolerance, among various topics in global citizenship education and consisted of practice to develop lesson plans for middle school music classes as well as theory about music in diverse sociocultural environments. The results showed that this program positively affected the participants' attitudes about a music teacher's role in the multicultural classroom. This program enabled participants to identify and reflect on any prejudice they may have against diversity and multiculturalism and to consider the role of music teachers in multicultural learning environments. The program also helped the participants develop greater self-efficacy as music teachers in multicultural environments and see music as a symbolic expression and a social and cultural product. Finally, the participants showed their positive attitude toward transformative pedagogy and considered various topics in global citizenship education beyond diversity and multiculturalism through multilateral understanding and exploration about music based on theory and practice in global citizenship education.

• Journal of Korean geriatric psychiatry
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of galantamine treatment, especially attention ability between patients with pure Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Mixed dementia (MD) during a 24-week trial. Methods : A total of 40 patients were recruited for this 24-week study. The effect of galantamine on attention was measured using Seoul Computerized NeuroCognitive Function Test (SCNT) and frontal functions test of Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB). Patients'activities of daily living using the Seoul-Activities of Daily Living (S-ADL) and the Seoul-Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (S-IADL) ; behavioral symptoms using the Korean version Neuropsychiatric Inventory (K-NPI) were measured at baseline and 24-week. Results : 17 pure AD patients and 23 MD patients were analyzed in this study. Attention as measured by SCNT was not significantly different from baseline after 24 weeks of treatment in both groups. There was no significant difference between two groups in mean change from baseline in the SCNT, S-ADL, S-IADL and K-NPI scores at 24-week. Conclusion : Galantamine showed a therapeutic effect on cognition, activities of daily living, neuropsychiatric symptoms in pure AD and MD. Furthermore, Galantamine may specifically help to maintain attention and it may have positive effects on other cognitive and functional abilities.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1567-1579
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• 2023

Sucralose is used as a sucrose alternative in the food sector and is a globally approved pyrogenic, high-intensity artificial sweetener. However, due to the lack of studies on the effects of sweeteners on the brain, this study confirmed whether short-term consumption of sucralose has cognitive and memory protective effects in scopolamine-induced memory-injured animal models. After oral administration of sucralose 2, 5, and 10 mg/kg, scopolamine (1 mg/kg) was administered to the control group and the drug group 30 minutes later, and saline was administered intraperitoneally to the normal group, followed by behavioral experiments As a result of the experiment, Y-Maze, passive avoidance, and Morris WaterMaze recovered more than 10% of cognitive function compared to the control group. In addition, as a result of measuring proinflammatory cytokines, sucralose was found to inhibit IL-6 and TNF-α by more than 30%, and we observed that the expression level of ERK-CREB with intracellular signaling mechanisms increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Therefore, it suggests that sucralose is associated with functional foods for the prevention of functional food patients.