• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.553-563
• /
• 2018

The recent increase of ground subsidence in Korea requires the development of technology for predicting the possibility of ground subsidence. Eighteen parameters affecting the ground subsidence for pre-excavation are classified into 6 categories considering ground types, groundwater, and external factors. Eighteen parameters consists of a table which gives ground subsidence risk ratings for pre-excavation(GSRp). Certain scores are given to these parameters after they are divided into several classes considering the importance and the credibility of parameters and the engineering judgements of the authors. Because of the difference of ground subsidence factors depending on the ground and field conditions, weighting factors for the individual factor and for the each category are multiplied. Weighting factors are calculated from citation frequencies of influencing factors. Ground subsidence risk ratings for pre-excavation can be quantified by considering the individual score of each parameter and weighting factors for the individual factor and for the each category. The suggested GSRp tables obtained from this study are expected to be used by engineers for the estimation of ground subsidence risk ratings for pre-excavation sites.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.57-73
• /
• 2008

Nitrate concentrations were measured up to 49 mg/L (as $NO_3$-N) and 22% of the samples exceeded drinking water standard in shallow and bedrock groundwater of the northern Nonsan area. Nitrate concentrations showed a significant difference among land use groups. To predict nitrate concentration in groundwater, multiple regression analysis was carried out using hydrogeologic parameters of soil media, topography and land use which were categorized as several groups, well depth and altitude, and field parameters of temperature, pH, DO and EC. Hydrogeologic parameters were quantified as area proportions of each category within circular buffers centering at wells. Regression was performed to all the combination of variables and the most relevant model was selected based on adjusted coefficient of determination (Adj. $R^2$). Regression using hydrogelogic parameters with varying buffer radii show highest Adj. $R^2$ at 50m and 300m for shallow and bedrock groundwater, respectively. Shallow groundwater has higher Adj. $R^2$ than bedrock groundwater indicating higher susceptibility to hydrogeologic properties of surface environment near the well. Land use and soil media was major explanatory variables for shallow and bedrock groundwater, respectively and residential area was a major variable in both shallow and bedrock groundwater. Regression involving hydrogeologic parameters and field parameters showed that EC, paddy and pH were major variables in shallow groundwater whereas DO, EC and natural area were in bedrock groundwater. Field parameters have much higher explanatory power over the hydrogeologic parameters suggesting field parameters which are routinely measured can provide important information on each well in assessment of nitrate contamination. The most relevant buffer radii can be applied to estimation of travel time of contaminants in surface environment to wells.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.2089-2099
• /
• 2015

This study examined the relationships between the blood heavy metal (Pb, Hg and Cd) concentration and exposure-related factors. The subjects were 2,042 (male: 953, female: 1,089) who were recruited through a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Differences in the concentrations of mercury were observed in males, whereas females showed differences in lead and cadmium. Analyses of the blood concentrations according to body mass index and waist circumference showed significantly higher concentrations of mercury. In males, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of dyslipidemia was higher than normal in the blood lead concentration. In females, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of dyslipidemia was higher than normal in the blood lead concentration. The blood lead and cadmium concentrations of male smokers was higher than non-smokers, and cadmium showed the same results in females. The blood lead levels were higher in male alcohol consumers than non-drinkers. The blood concentrations of mercury and cadmium showed significant differences according to household income. Blood concentrations of heavy metals were closely related to exposure-related factors, and age, smoking, drinking alcohols, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and household income were found to be relevant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.471-479
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of various levels of chitosan oligomer (CO) molecular weight on the disorders of lipid metabolism and immune-related factors induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), that is a endocrine disrupter, using adult male rats (SD) for 3 weeks. These 40 animals were divided into five groups. Three kinds of CO were used by molecular weight (MW) (less than 1000, 1000~3000, and 5000~10000) and added 4% to basal diets respectively. TCDD (40 ${\mu}g$/kg B.W) was intraperitoneally injected into rats at the beginning of the experiment. The relative weights of the livers were increased in all rats treated with TCDD, and the brain and testis weights were increased in all CO diet groups, compared to the control and TCDD groups. The levels of white blood cells (WBC) and red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrits (HCT), and platelets were significantly lowered by treating TCDD. By the way, RBC and HCT tended to recover by CO diets. The elevation of serum total and HDL cholesterol levels induced by TCDD treatment was significantly reduced by CO (5000~10000 MW) diets. The apparent increasing of the total lipid, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels of rat livers induced by TCDD was tended to be suppressed in those fed CO diets. Especially, diets with less than 1000 MW significantly diminished liver triglycerides. The levels of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG1 and IgM were significantly high in rats fed CO (5000~10000 MW) diets. The decreasing levels of IgE by treatment with TCDD tended to recover all the CO diet groups to the level of control group. In histochemical observation, the fat droplets and apoptosis of liver due to TCDD treatment were markedly alleviated in all CO diet groups. These results indicated that CO, though not regular according to molecular weight, can exert improving effects on lipid accumulation, hepatocytic disorders, abnormal blood cells, and some immunoglobulins induced by TCDD.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.167-176
• /
• 2018

It is necessary to consider various geological parameters such as lithology, geological structure, earthquake, hydraulic geology, geochemistry, geological engineering, and geothermal in order to select potential sites for HLW(high-level radioactive waste) geological disposal. In particular, the geological lineament reflects the characteristics of various geological parameters and can be used as an important criterion for site selecting such as nuclear power plants and HLW repositories. In this paper, the Finnish lineament classification method for HLW disposal site selection through the lineament analysis was applied to the lineament data in the Korean peninsula. For this purpose, we used previous lineament data from the KIGAM(Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) and obtained new lineament data from the field geologists such as structural geologist, paleoseismologist, and geomorphologist. To ensure the reliability of the new lineament analysis data, we used high-resolution satellite images and hill-shade relief maps which were constructed by a digital elevation model. In the prevailing direction analysis from the acquired lineament data, the NNE-SSW direction was the most dominant, but the ENE-WSW and NNW-SSE directions also showed highly frequency depending on the experts. Applying the Finnish classification method, the geometrical development characteristics of the lineament corresponding to the Class 1 and 2 used for the wide-wide candidate site were compared. As a result of direction analysis for Class 1, the NNE-SSW direction was the most dominant and the WNW-ESE direction also showed a high frequency. In the case of Class 2, the NNE-SSW is the most prevalent and WNW-ESE or ENE-WSW direction also had highly frequency depending on the experts. Different lineament analysis results based on the same data are interpreted as a result of subjective experience and analytical criteria from the every experts. Therefore, it is necessary to establish integrated criteria and consider geophysical data for the publication of reliable nation-wide lineament map.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.35-40
• /
• 1987

The antilipidperoxidative effects of Brazilin and Hematoxylin were investigated at the levels of liver~total homogenates, -microsomal fraction, -mitochondrial fraction and the sera of SD-rats intoxicated with $CCl_4$ and ethanol. Both natural dyes markedly inhibited the lipidperoxidation induced by $CCl_4$ and ethanol. Brazilin and Hematoxylin showed the inhibitory effects on the both enzymatic (NADPH-dependent) and nonenzymatic (Ascorbate-induced) lipidperoxidation pathways. but it is supposed that the antilipidperoxidative powers of them mainly result from the inhibition of the nonenzymatic lipidperoxidation.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.16 no.2 s.48
• /
• pp.153-159
• /
• 2006

The discharges of time, technology and finance was increased and it was difficult to use water resources effectively by serious water pollutions. Thus the main aim of this work was focused on effectiveness of water treatment process using non-controlled indicators such as UV absorbance($E_{260}$) and particle counts that provided analytical results with simple and rapid. The soluble aluminum was increased by the increase of aluminum doses for turbidity removals It means that the water quality was not controlled by only turbidity monitoring cause maximum turbidity removal did not guarantee minimum residual aluminum in an aluminum-based coagulation. E removal efficiency appeared to be the promising indicator for monitoring the effectiveness of the water quality process such as coagulation and nanofiltration membranes for arsenic(V). On the basis of the particle monitoring, it was also found that the particle counts could be used very useful for changing the coagulants in real water treatments.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.279-294
• /
• 2024

Large-scale civil engineering structures such as dams require a systematic approach to jointed rock-mass grouting to prevent water leakage into the foundations and to ensure safe operation. In South Korea, rock grouting design often relies on the experience of field engineers that was gained in similar projects, highlighting the need for a more systematic and reliable approach. Rock-mass grouting is affected mainly by hydrogeology and the presence of discontinuities, involving factors such as the rock quality designation (RQD), joint spacing (Js), Lugeon value (Lu), and secondary permeability index (SPI). This study, based on data from field investigations of 14 domestic sites, analyzed the correlation between hydrogeological factors (Lu and SPI), discontinuity characteristics (RQD and Js), and grout take, and systematically established a design method for rock grouting. Analysis of correlation between the variables RQD, Js, Lu, and SPI yielded Pearson correlation (r) values as follows: Lu-SPI, 0.92; RQD-Lu, -0.75; RQD-Js, 0.69; RQD-SPI, -0.65; Js-Lu, -0.47; and SPI-Js, -0.41. The grout take increases with Lu and SPI values, but there is no significant correlation between RQD and Js. The proposed approach for grouting design based on SPI values was verified through analysis and comparison with actual curtain-grouting construction, and is expected to be useful in practical applications and future studies.

• Proceedings of the KGS Conference
• /
• 2001.12a
• /
• pp.18-34
• /
• 2001

량강도 북부지역에서는 지질시대로부터 현대에 이르기까지 여러차례의 화산활동이 있어 자연경관을 훼멸, 복구하였다. 특히 갱신세에 분출된 현무암용암, 백두산 소백산에서의 알칼리성조면암의 발생, 800여년전에 분출한 부석은 원래의 자연경관을 훼멸,매몰하고 새로운 자연경관을 형성하기 시작하였다. 자연경관 형성에서 지질,지형,기후,식생,토양 등요소들이 종합적으로 작용하나 그중에서도 화산활동을 위주로한 지질작용이 주되는 인자로 되었다. 즉 용암의 분출에 의하여 본 지구의 지형을 1600m 높여 기후,식생,토양의 산지수직지대성을 형성하였고 강,호수의 형성도 식생,토양의 특성도 화산활동의 제한을 받았다. 모두어 말하면 본 지역의 자연경관은 800 여년 역사를 갖고 지금도 발전, 성숙과정에 있다. 본문에서는 백두산과 가까이 자리잡고 있는 량강도의 삼지연군, 대홍단군, 백암군, 보천군, 운훈군, 갑산군과 함경북도의 무산군, 연사군, 어랑군, 길주군의 일부지역 및 함경남도의 단천서북부가 포함된다. 지리위치로 보면 동경 128 도 16 분으로부터 동경 130 도 02 분까지이고 북위 42 도 10 분부터 북위 41 도 좌우이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2011.04a
• /
• pp.1104-1107
• /
• 2011

경동맥 내중막 두께는 심혈관계 질환의 위험인자와 상관성이 높으므로 경동맥 내중막 영상 분석을 통해 심혈관계 질환의 1차 검진 방법으로 사용이 가능하다. 이 논문에서는 내중막 영상에서 이상지질혈증의 진단지표가 될 수 있는 특징벡터 추출 방법을 제안하였으며, 패턴기반, 함수기반의 분류모델 생성과 평가를 통해 추출된 진단 지표가 이상지질혈증 분류에 적합함을 검증하였다.