• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.391-400
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• 1997

Background : Bronchoscopy is an essential procedure for identifying the bleeding site and evaluating cause of hemoptysis. However, it is controversial regarding to the timing of bronchoscopy in patients with hemoptysis. Early bronchoscopy, which was performed during hemoptysis or with 48hour after cessation of bleeding, was better for identifying the site of bleeding compared with delayed bronchoscopy, which was performed 48 hours after cessation of bleeding. The diagnostic yield of identifying the bleeding site by bronchoscopy was variable in reported literature and the safety of early bronchoscopy was not mentioned in previous literature. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of early bronchoscopy in patients with hemoptysis. Method : From October 1994 to August 1996 in Samsung Medical Center, bronchoscopy was performed in patients with hemoptysis. Early bronchoscopy was performed prospectively during hemoptysis or within 48 hours after cessation of bleeding from May 1995 to August 1996. Delayed bronchoscopy group included patients who did not received early bronchoscopy at the same period or in whom bronchoscopy was performed 48 hour after cessation of bleeding from October 1994 to May 1995. Results : Early bronchoscopy group was performed 73 times in 71 patients. Delayed bronchoscopy was performed in 57 times in 55 patients. There was no difference as to amount and underlying cause of hemoptysis between both groups. Indentification of bleeding site by visualizing active bleeding was significantly higher in early bronchoscopy (38.3%) than delayed bronchoscopy group (8.7%)(p < 0.05). Indentification of bleeding site by bleeding after clot removal was 8 in early and 10 in delayed bronchoscopy. Indentification of bleeding site by visualizing active bleeding and bleeding after clot removal was 36 in early and 15 patients in delayed bronchoscopy(p > 0.05). Causes of hemoptysis was found in 18 patients in early and 16 patients in delayed bronchoscopy group. patients who had early bronchoscopy underwent surgery. We diagnosed the site of bleeding in 4 patients preoperatively. In 3 patients we made a treatment plan promptly right after bronchoscopy. Among early bronchoscopy group, bleeding over 100cc during bronchoscopy occurred in 2 patients. In early bronchoscopy group there was no other major complication during bronchoscopy. Conclusion : In patients with hemoptysis, early bronchoscopy which performed within 48 hours after cessation of bleeding was more effective procedure for identifying the bleeding site than delayed bronchoscopy which was performed after 48 hour cessation of bleeding.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.21
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• pp.283-322
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• 2009

Legislation and enforcement of the Presidential Records Management Law was an important turning point in Korean archival management history. In the past, the notion of presidential records was vague. The law was a starting point of establishing presidential records management. The Presidential Records Management Law provides the definition of presidential records and its scope, and establishes the protection of presidential records through restricted access to the records. The key to the law is to enable a president freely to produce records and transfer them to the next administration without omission. In other words, it aims to stop the practice that presidential records are produced but never be left. But, 'disputes over the release of presidential records' and the disclosing of access-restricted presidential records presented a crisis to national records management as well as the prospect of presidential records management, even if they were 'legal procedures.' The instability of presidential records management could give a serious impact on the national records management and its operation. Amid this situation, it is required to review the presidential records management system and provide recommendations for improvement, even if the enforcement of law has just started. The most urgent things in improving presidential records management are to secure its independence, specialty, and to complement restricted access to presidential records. For securing independency, presidential records management should be done by a separate organization other than the National Archives of Korea while for promoting specialty, a newly established organization could serve as a professional archive. And for complementing restricted access to the presidential records, the access should be more limited. In other words, more discretion is needed in permitting access. And more specific regulations should be applied to the permitted records. However, these regulatory actions may not have effects unless independency is not secured. Thus, more fundamentally, independency of the National Archives of Korea should be first established.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.99-107
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to formulate various improved working schemes in determining the definition of non-permissible activities to strengthen the practical implementation and operation of the integrated coastal management plan for regional self-governing authorities In this study, non-permissible activities indicate any activities which should be restricted according to the coastal functions of five different sectors in the regional plan for coastal management. Coastal management plan, are classified into four areas along the coast to use direction. It prohibited and support matters of another coastal exploitation each area. If you want to set the coastal area, has already been specified in the regional and global based on that region Land use planning and urban planning. When additional area settings in some cases may lead to conflicting results. Analyzes the factors to consider about the range and use areas set of in coastal management, It is necessary to strive for deriving a scheme to solve the existing contradiction between the state of the local - area specified problem. With the help of marine spatial planning and pointed out institutional and urban planning system to be utilized in land in the ocean for a more accurate and efficient coastal management, and registered the coastal areas, there is a need to manage. Land -use planning, consideration of another consultation body organization that is able to develop a plan that was comprehensive and marine spatial planning, The contradiction consider to specify the various areas and regions where other specific identification method is determined, Setting the range of coastal waters (within 3 nautical mile), I was exploring the coast registration scheme and registration target, etc.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.4
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• pp.447-469
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• 2010

The recent publications of two major works from Ministry of Environment and Korea National Arboretum (Type specimens collected from Korea at the herbarium of the University of Tokyo, five volumes) and National Institute of Biological Resources (Korean type specimens deposited in foreign herbaria and museums, two volumes excluding other animal groups) on Korean vascular plants have resulted in discrepancies needing either correction or clarification. The former published the results of a portion of T. Nakai's collections deposited at TI, while the latter produced the results about collections of G. Koidzumi's, J. Ohwi's, and S. Kitamura's at Kyoto University and of E. H. Wilson's and H. Leveille's at Harvard University. Consequently some omissions, discrepancies, and conflicts resulted, such as the inclusion of conflicting designations of lectotype, isotype, syntype or holotype, erroneous citations of publications, and misinformation. Suh et al.'s publications about type specimens of Korean plants deposited at TI showed 47 conflicting typifications and 20 typographical and other errors. Type information offered by Yim et al. were discussed, and 75 conflicting typification and 30 typographical and other errors from these two volumes were also brought to notice. It is clear that Suh et al. and Yim et al. merely provided type information without consulting original description of each plant species. It is apparent that all these conflicting designation of types, erroneous citations of publications, and other types of misinformation were as a result of the disregard of original citation and the ignorance of basic type concept.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.92-117
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• 2004

Korea has the glorious documentary cultural heritage including Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, Memory of the World, from old times. But We had been felt into serious situation, it is very difficult to find some records of late years, through rapid changes of society in modern history. Fortunately, in 1999, "law of archives management in public sector" was enacted but It is some difficult to apply to field. Accordingly, We studied archives laws and record management systems, education systems in Japan and China, neighborhood countries and compared them with Korea's. Life cycle of Gathering, Managing, Using records & archives is reflected in China's archives law, "Dangan" and It is useful to referred to Korea. On the other hand, Japan and Korea's archives law focus on administering and capturing records and archives. In case of Management agency of archives, China has a linear managing system from state to regional agency and Japan and Korea have different system in State and Region. We recommend following items ; reform archives law, status of government archives, professional education and arrangement etc.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.153-156
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• 2004

Korea Food and Drug Administration(KFDA) has peformed the calibration of therapy level dosimeters for Co-60 radiation since 1979. The reference standard ionization chamber has been calibrated at BIPM in France. The uncertainty on the KFDA calibration coefficients is 0.9 %(k=2) for air kerma and absorbed dose to water. Since 1999 a national quality audit program for ensuring dosimetry accuracy in Korea radiotherapy centers has been performed by the KFDA. The uncertainty associated with the determination of the absorbed dose to water from the TLD readings for high energy x-ray is 1.6 %(k=1). The correction factors for energy, non-linearity dose response, and TLD holder are used in the dose determination. Agreement between the user stated dose and KFDA measured dose within ${\pm}$ 5 % is considered acceptable. KFDA TLD postal dose quality audit program was peformed for 71 beam qualities of 53 domestic radiotherapy centers in 2003. The results for quality assurance showed that 63 out of 71 beam qualifies (89 %) satisfied the acceptance limit. The second audit was carried out for the centers outside the limit and ail of them have been corrected.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.16 no.6_2
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• pp.61-71
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• 2016

In this study, Private investigation in South Korea, while gone through so far of politics, the process of social change, a positive feature, without evolve, insufficient growth and security services of the business burden of national judicial institutions, detective industry international of the negative vicious circle, such as the acquisition of drop and expedient information of competitiveness is continuously induced it is a reality. It is, therefore, to the proposal, such as the following. First, it must be able to use the term "detective". Secondly, in order to verify the validity of this system, after introducing the first private sphere, in accordance with the stepwise its necessity, it is desirable to extend the operational range of the public area. Third, to have a country of qualification to private research workers, will be managed directly from the country is ideal. Fourth, we must also seek plan to specialize the designated educational institution as a commissioned education institution to institution with a faculty and facilities that are specialized. Fifth, the National Police Agency must manage and supervise the private investigation business. Sixth, the legislative form to amend the current security law, as a kind of private security, must be introduced by adding a private trillion business. Therefore, in order to complement the limitation of such studies, additional subsequent research has if it is not carried out.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 2012

The Korean government designated 10 innovation cities throughout the country in 2005 in order to resolve concentration on the capital region and to promote balanced development of localities. An innovation city is a future-type city equipped with environment for innovation and high-quality settlement environment in terms of residence, education and culture by accommodating public institutions and facilitating close cooperation among companies, universities and research institutes. Thus, for the early settlement and activation of innovation cities, this study suggested a plan to operate the current innovation city business centers from a mid- and long-term viewpoint rather than for a limited time. Through this study, we attempt to establish the roles of the centers so that they can play central roles in the move of public institutions, the development of industry-university-research institute clusters, the creation of innovations, and the spread of innovations, which are the goals of the development of public institutions, after the sites have been prepared.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.301-310
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• 2019

This study aims to examine eligibilities, services and delivery of services for the current end-of-life care and analyze the quality control of services for end-of-life care. We analyzed the literature and laws on end-of-life systems in Korean and the United States. Current end-of-life care, hospice and palliative care in Korea is being provided mainly in hospital setting. Quality control for the services focuses on setting the criteria for structures in hospitals (i.e. staffing, facilities and equipment). Whereas American end-of-life care system has much broader eligibility for service beneficiaries and provides care mostly at home. Also quality control for services includes process (delivering service) and outcomes, such as monitoring performance indicators and consumer's satisfaction. This is linked to annual payment. The comparative analysis findings contributed to give the next direction of current Korean end-of-life care system. It is nessary to establish the better and extensive end-of-life care system in Korea in considering other countries' end-of-life care systems based on more future research.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.109-132
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to improve the level of records management by enhancing the risk management in university archives. Through surveys and post-interviews, the current status of risk management in university archives was investigated, the results of the investigation were analyzed to identify problems and limitations in risk management in university archives, and the following suggestions for improvements were made. First, the legal effects of risk management should be strengthened in the Public Records Management Act, and matters related to risk management should be stipulated. Second, the National Archives of Korea should actively intervene to identify problems in risk management in university archives and provide appropriate support for problem-solving. Third, the identity of university archives as independent organizations should be secured for the implementation of professional and active records management tasks. Fourth, standards and manuals reflecting risk management practices for university archives should be prepared. Fifth, a sufficient budget must be secured to meet all necessary requirements for risk management. Lastly, cooperation in the performance of records management and risk management tasks should be achieved by raising awareness of university archives and their records management tasks among the heads of the institutions and members of the organizations.