• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.135-154
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• 2020

This paper analyzes the 5,521 samples of the small and medium-sized businesses(SMBs) obtained from the Korea Credit Guarantee Fund. From January 2014 to September 2019, 85% of the SMBs have 5 or fewer full-time employees. The proportion of SMBs is overwhelmed by the elderly men, and most founders are the CEO. Also, about 87% of the workplace types are rented, while 64% of the CEO's residence types are owner-occupation. 47% of the financial grade score is less than 10 points out of 100 and 80% of SMBs have less than 200 million won of the loan guarantee. In particular, the total guarantee loan amount or the days of net guarantee have significantly positive relations with the working period of the CEO in the same industry, the number of employees, the operation period of SMBs, and the corporate business type. In the case of the financial grading score which has the highest weight in overall credit rating gets higher with the higher number of employees, the longer the operation period, and the corporate business type. However, the quantified non-financial grading score has no significant relationship with other explanatory variables, except for the corporate business type. This implies that a non-financial grade score is measured by other determinants that are not observed by the Korea credit guarantee fund. The pure non-financial grade score has positive relations with the working period of the CEO. Overall, this paper would help Korean SMBs upgrade their credit ratings and expand the money supply when there is no standardized credit rating model or no publicly available evaluation criteria for SMBs. We expect this paper provides important insights for further research and policy-makers for SMBs. In particular, to address the financial needs of thin-filers such as SMBs, technology-based financial services (TechFin) would use alternative data to evaluate the financial capabilities of thin-filers and to develop new financial services.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.62-66
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• 2012

With the rapid growth of fresh-cut produce market, the South Korean fresh-cut industry is facing the challenge of ensuring food safety. As the estimation of the microbial numbers in fresh-cut produce processing lines (tools, and equipment) using the conventional microbiological techniques takes days, so there is a need for faster and easier monitoring methods. This study was conducted to investigate the use of ATP bioluminescence assay to measure the degree of microbial contamination from three actual fresh-cut processing lines. The samples collected from frech-cut vegetables, and fresh-cut fruits processing plants were tested for the estimation of the bacterial number, using the ATP bioluminescence and microbiological methods. The result of former was transferred to log RLU/100 $cm^2$, and that of the latter was transferred to log CFU/100 $cm^2$. A positive linear correlation between the ATP bioluminescence assay value and aerobic-plate count was found for fresh-cut processing lines, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8772 (n=50). The results of this study indicate that ATP bioluminescence assay can be used to monitor microbial contamination in fresh-cut produce processing plants, and can help improve the hygiene therein.

• 한국사회복지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.561-579
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to grope for the improving the management in order that Korea community centers may put better welfare services to community residents. Community welfare center is a professional social welfare agency that meets welfare needs of community residents by offering synthetical and various welfare services in community according to social, economical, cultural, regional background. Community welfare center was established for clearing up the conflict between social classes after Industrial Revolution in England, for solving problems of women movement and immigration in America, for different purpose in other countries. But there is no difference between countries in the sense of welfare services activities centering around poor community though each purpose are different. It can be known that community center must perform the function as social welfare professional agency which aimed at community care program. Resource which are needed for management of community center are mostly in community and community center must strive to get resources which are in community. But all the weakness of finance and facility which community center has may not be solved by using community resources. Community welfare center is not fixated yet in Korea. And community residents has little understanding of community center. Thus national financial support is needed. Actually community has difficulty to mobilize community resource. The problem is how to carry out this national financial support effectively and going on study about this problem is needed.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.320-331
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• 2013

The National Center for AgroMeteorology (NCAM) has designed a risk management solution for individual farms threatened by the climate change and variability. The new service produces weather risk indices tailored to the crop species and phenology by using site-specific weather forecasts and analysis derived from digital products of the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). If the risk is high enough to cause any damage to the crops, agrometeorological warnings or watches are delivered to the growers' cellular phones with relevant countermeasures to help protect their crops against the potential damage. Core techniques such as scaling down of weather data to individual farm level and the crop specific risk assessment for operational service were developed and integrated into a cloud based service system. The system was employed and implemented in a rural catchment of 50 $km^2$ with diverse agricultural activities and 230 volunteer farmers are participating in this project to get the user-specific weather information from and to feed their evaluations back to NCAM. The experience obtained through this project will be useful in planning and developing the nation-wide early warning service in agricultural sector exposed to the climate and weather extremes under climate change and climate variability.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.87-99
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• 2013

As Internet advances, websites with simpel HTML pages are changing to complex web application systems with enormous contents and various services. With this trend, it is noted that situations where Web accessibility of the old and the handicapped is inhibited are growing. To solve this problem, The Disability Discrimination Act has been enacted since April 2013. This act triggers massive website reorganization efforts. However, in order for the huge and sophisticated web applications and web sites to ensure a web accessibility, a framework is required to throughout the web site development. Based on thorough review of website development methodologies, web accessibility compliance standards, and various web accessibility issues related to website characteristics, this study proposes a practice oriented "Web Accessibility Compliance Framework". The current study also examines the usefulness and value of this framework by applying it to the internet banking development project of W bank and receiving a certificate for high quality website complying web accessibility standards.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.141-150
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore the necessity and possibility of establishing a research institute for local educational autonomy where the importance and necessity of institution establishment and operation are increasing with the decentralization and educational autonomy. The necessity of establishing a local educational autonomous research institute was examined in terms of both external and internal necessities, and the possibility of establishment in terms of the form of establishment, financial resources, and legal basis. In order to effectively cope with common issues by leading the nation's educational autonomy policy and legal agenda, and to support regional policy research and development by linking and cooperating with regional educational policy research institutes, local educational autonomous research institutes are established. This is an urgent point. Considering the publicity, professionalism, economic feasibility, and stability of specialized research institutes, the form of foundation corporation seems to be appropriate, and, like the case of specialized research institutes in general local autonomy, legal grounds for the establishment of special law should be prepared. In the future, it is necessary to conduct collaborative discussions and academic discussions with the Ministry of Education and the National Council for Superintendents of Education.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.902-913
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• 2014

This paper deals with the novel concept of neo-endogenous rural development which has been applied to explain the contemporary features of the European rural development. The notion of neo-endogenous rural development has been emerged in Europe because the pervious dichotomous concepts of exogenous and endogenous development are no longer useful for explaining the relationship between the local actors and the central or regional administrative organisations. The concept argues that the changing situation of rural regions at the initial stages of endogenous development could only be identified by the concept of neo-endogenous perspectives. Therefore, it tries to apply the concept for the Korean rural development policy which is called Regional Agricultural Cluster scheme. Explaining the development processes and the problems of the farmers group which carried out the project in a local level, this paper argues that the severe conflict between the farmers group and the City Office may be a typical incident of the neo-endogenous development. It expresses the power relations between the local groups and the political managing authority. With the case of the Prundle, it concludes that the neo-endogenous development is the essential stage for all the endogenous development to go through as an transitional one.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.95-102
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a method that can construct efficiently a P2P overlay multicast network composed of many heterogeneous peers in communication bandwidth, processing power and a storage size by selecting a peer in a distributed fashion using an ant-colony theory that is one of the computational intelligence methods. The proposed method considers not only the capacity of a peer but also the number of children peers supported by the peer and the hop distance between a multicast source and the peer when selecting a parent peer of a newly joining node. Thus, an P2P multicast overlay network is constructed efficiently in that the distances between a multicast source and peers are maintained small. In addition, the proposed method works in a distributed fashion in that peers use their local information to find a parent node. Thus, compared to a centralized method where a centralized server maintains and controls the overlay construction process, the proposed method scales well. Through simulations, we show that, by making a few high capacity peers support a lot of low capacity peers, the proposed method can maintain the size of overlay network small even there are a few thousands of peers in the network.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.265-299
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• 2018

The pilot project for type diversification of self-sufficient support center that convert the centre corporation into social cooperative was introduced in 2015. That aimed to increase the number of participants of self-sufficient programmes and to create more jobs for the working poor through expanding the center's autonomy of usage of budget and arrangement of self-sufficient programmes. This study analyzed the organization transmitting processes and changes of the centers took part in the pilot project, then aimed to suggest the improvement schemes to be helpful for reinforcing positive efforts and removing obstacles in the process converting. The results show that converting into social cooperative is a choice for the sustainability of the centers led by surroundings rather than self-initiated plan. There are some positive changes that are increasing the enterprising spirit and obligation of the center staff. Further more, the cooperation with other community organizations is enhanced based on achieving regional recognition, and support of local governments and the opportunity for new businesses are expanded. However, these are very limited in the regions where social economy is undeveloped. Eventually, we should seek the development schemes of the pilot project considering the reduction of the number of participants in self-sufficient programmes and decreasing of their ability to work, even if some positive aspects are revealed.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.443-458
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• 2018

An archive is a collection of documents or records. Currently, most archived documents are made of paper. Paper is susceptible to biological damage and deterioration due to its material properties. To control the biological damage, treatment with chemical disinfectants and control of the storage environment are often used. In government-controlled bulk public archives, all documents are chemically sterilized before storage. However, an extremely large quantity of public records have been produced, and storage space and conservation management are gradually reaching their limits. In this study, 60 species of microbes were identified using a genetic method. We successfully applied the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence method to detect microbial contamination on paper documents. A calibration curve of the ATP bioluminescence as a function of the microbe quantity was obtained, and the microbial activity on non-sterilized paper archives from 1951 was analyzed using an ATP luminometer. It was found that the microbial activity was suppressed or reduced in climate-controlled storage environments at $22^{\circ}C$ and 55% relative humidity. We anticipate that these results will be used to establish selective sterilization systems for government-controlled bulk public archives.