• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.69-89
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• 2014

The business performance of port industry is steadily getting worse due to international environmental regulation. The port industry should be prepared according to ambient condition change. IMO(International Maritime Organization) is tightening up environmental regulation of vessel and maritime industry field. ECA(Emission Control Area), starting with the Baltic, has initialized and has been expanded. Korea must strengthen the control of vessel in accordance with IMO's restriction, if Korea is designated as emission control area. These situations cause the expansion of LNG-fuelled ships. Add to the larger trend of ships, Korean government should be done a preemptive action against LNG bunkering industry. This study proposes the concept of floating offshore LNG bunkering system and is conducted its economic feasibility evaluation based on empirical analysis. We examine the theoretical foundation and basic information via "A Planning Study on the Engineering Development of Floating Offshore LNG Bunkering Terminal" in 2013 and we evaluate the business potential by using the report above mentioned. The results of this study are as follows. The values of B/C analysis are between 0.679 and 2.516 depending on market share and R&D contributiveness. In case of 10.9%(market share), if market share are 50% and 60%, the value of B/C analysis are 0.697 and 0.837 respectively. Except in two cases, all remaining values are over 1.0. Moreover, the research is conducted sensitivity analysis to remove the project uncertainty. In order to maintain economical validity, a project manager have to establish business strategies which are not to cause increase of expense and sustain market share and R&D contributiveness in the scenario with normal levels.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.3-12
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• 1992

Forage grasses and legumes ar$\varepsilon$ the mam component of livestock diets in Canada. There are over 30 million ha of grassland in Canada and there is a large, undeveloped land base in fringe areas suitable for forage production. The short growing s season limits the grassland farming to the southern p parts of Canada. The win!er season is long and in most parts of Canada cold temperatures, fr$\varepsilon$ezmg, and thawing, and diseases exert sever$\varepsilon$ stress on overwintering forage plants. The development of persistent cultivars is essential for sustained production particularly in the fringe areas with short growmg s$\varepsilon$ason. The seasonality of dry matter production is a result of high growth rates in early summ$\varepsilon$r and low dry matter accumulation in late summer and fall. Innovative management practIces a and cultivars with improved regrowth capacity are n necessary to overcome such skewed production pattern and to extend effiectlVe grazmg season l Improved pasture production is an important part of reducing costs in livestock operations and remaining competitive. It is suggested that applying available technology would increase pasture productivity and reduce d$\varepsilon$pendence on stored feeds thus improving profitability of small producers in particeular. Reducing nutrient losses during harv$\varepsilon$stmg, s storage, and feeding is essential for improved production efficiency during confinement. The devclopment of low cost and labor saving methods of ensiling is critical for improved efficiency and profitability of forage based enterprises Livestock industries must respond to consumer preferences for low fat and cholesterol foods. Research and development of entire production systems is emphasized for dev$\varepsilon$loping viabl$\varepsilon$ enterprises. It is increasingly difficult to secure resources for r$\varepsilon$search, education, and extension, and alliane$\varepsilon$s and cooperation must expand among organizations with interests in forage based livestock systems.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.267-275
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• 2018

The purposes of this study were to analyze the mineralogical characteristics of slaked lime used for wall repair of traditional buildings in Bagan, Myanmar and to evaluate the physical properties of lime plaster produced by the same method as Bagan region. In the X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis of the Myanmar slaked lime, portlandite ($Ca(OH)_2$) and brucite ($Mg(OH)_2$) were detected as main constituent minerals, and a carbonate rock mainly composed of dolomite ($CaMg(CO_3)_2$) minerals may be used as a raw material to make slaked lime. The field-emission scanning electron microscope analysis showed that the Myanmar slaked lime was composed of irregularly shaped crystals of $0.5{\mu}m$ or larger and a small amount of $0.1{\mu}m$ of plate - like crystals. The size and uniformity of crystals in Myanmar lime is different from that of Korea slaked lime. This may be attributed to the effect of the mineral composition and the lime hydration method of Myanmar, which produces slurry by immersing the burnt lime in excess water for a long period of time. The compressive strength of the lime plaster in Myanmar resulted in a mean value of $1.13N/mm^2$ for the specimens cured for 28 days. The strength of the specimens with Bale juice was $1.03N/mm^2$, respectively. The lime is an air setting material that exhibits strength through long carbonation process. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate physical properties according to curing period through long-term curing over 28 days in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.987-994
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• 2021

The Yellow sea, as described in article 123 of UNCLOS, is semi-enclosed sea surrounded by the Republic of Korea, the People's Republic of China and North Korea. In addition, the Yellow Sea is one of the 66 large marine ecosystems as it contains large amounts of marine resources. According to article 194 of UNCLOS, states should be aware of rights and duties with respect to the protection and preservation of the marine environment to be engaged with countries directly as regional entity or indirectly. Therefore, the legal blank is urgent in terms of trans-boundary environmental pollutant issues. The UNDP has conducted a project called Yellow Sea Large Marine Ecosystem (YSLME) which has reached the 2^nd phase. The project has some notable achievements, namely performing joint activities on analysis of diagnostic trans-boundary issues in collaboration with China and South Korea, developing a strategic action plan based on TDA, and establishing regional strategic action plan. However, on the other hand, the project could not reflect the full participation of North Korea as a state party. As a result, the project has a limitation on effective implementation of RSAP. Therefore, this study focuses on the suggestion of a legally-binding trilateral treaty as a blue print for the next, 3^rd phase of the project. By analyzing the best practice of the Wadden Sea Trilateral Treaty case, the study verifies the validity of legislative measures on establishing and managing a legally-binding trilateral YSLME Commission. By suggesting a three phase treaty, incorporating a joint declaration by establishing the commission, the signing of the treaty, and formulating an umbrella convention and implementation arrangement, the study expects to guarantee the consistency and sustainability of the trilateral treaty regardless of political issues pertaining to North Korea.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.79-106
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• 2011

The cultural contents industries have moved closer to the centre of the economic action in many countries and across much of the world. For this reason, the concern with the development of glocal cultural contents has also been growing. According to Goldman Sock's BRICs report, Indian economy will be the engine of global economy with China. In addition, India will be a new blue chip country for large consumer market of cultual contents. The most important point for the development of glocal cultural contents is a systematic and in-depth analysis of other culture. India is a complex and multicultural country compared with Korea which is a nation-state. Therefore, this paper is intended as an understanding about India appropriately and suggestion for a strategy to enter cultural industry in India. As the purpose of this paper is concerned, we will take a close look at 9 Indian culture codes which can be classified into three main groups: 1) political, social and cultural codes 2) economic codes 3) cultural contents codes. Firstly, political, social and cultural codes are i) consistent democracy and saving common people, ii) authoritarianism which appears an innate respect for authority of India, iii) Collective-individualism which represents collectivist and individualistic tendency, iv) life-religion, v) carpe diem. Secondly, economic culture codes are vi) 1.2billion Indian people's God which represents money and vii) practical purchase which stands for a reasonable choice of buying products. Lastly, viii) Masala movie and ix) happy ending that is the most popular theme of Masala movies are explained in the context of cultural content codes. In conclusion, 3 interesting cases , , will be examined in detail. From what has been discussed above, we suggest oversea expansion strategy based on these case studies. Eventually, what is important is to understand what Indian society is, how Indian society works and what contents Indian prefers.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.621-627
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• 1998

The formation of Co-silicide between Co/Zr bilayer on the amorphous and crystalline Si substrates has been investigated. The films of Zr(50$\AA$) and Co(l50$\AA$) were deposited with e-beam evaporation system and were heattreated with the rapid thermal annealing system at the temperatures between 50$0^{\circ}C$ and 80$0^{\circ}C$ with 10$0^{\circ}C$ increments for 30 seconds. The phase identification of Co-silicide was carried out by XRD and the chemical analysis was examined by AES and RBS. The interface morphologies of Co/Zr bilayer films were investigated by cross sectional TEM and HRTEM. $CoSi_2$ was formed epitaxially on the crystalline Si substrate above $700^{\circ}C$ while polycrystalline $CoSi_2$ was grown on the amorphous Si substrate. The formation temperature of Co-silicide on the amorphous Si substrate was about 100 C lower than that on the crystalline Si. The COzSi phase was not identified on the both Si substrates. The formation temperature of first phase of Co-silicide on ColZr bilayer was higher than that on Co mono layer. CoSizlayer formed on the amorphous Si substrate exhibits better uniformity compared to the CoSiz formed on the crystalline substrate. The sheet resistance of CoSiz layer on crystalline Si was lower than that on the amorphous Si at high temperatures.tures.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.103-126
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• 2010

The development of an industry including distribution sector is influenced by not only government policy but the related firms' behaviors. Recently the large-scale retailers have had more enormous channel power than any other distributors including monopolistic makers. Now is the time for government to prepare some policies against the unfair transaction behaviors by large-scale retailers. In this paper I tried to inquire into the distribution competition policy from a political correspondent point of view related with the transition of distribution system. For the purpose of this article I compared the case of Korea with Japan. According to the results so far inquired, there are some commons and differences in the cases of the two. Some suggestions are as follows. Considering the predominant position the concept of large-scale retailers is to be extended from a single store to numerous chain stores in the political level. Government needs to examine the standard propriety for large-scale retailer; the size of selling area and amount of sales a year. When a large-scale retailer store is to be established, it need to be taken a permit or a pre-inspection. The Fair Trade Commission have to secure the neutrality from Government's strategies. And government should find out the examples of unfair transaction behavior types and prepare some proper guidelines continually. For the last time statistical data by distributors are to be fitted out and the actual investigations for estimating the effects of government policies need to be enforced.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.71-92
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• 2017

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the experiences of original family and social relationships in single women. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were arranged with 18 single women who met the criteria for the present research purpose. We considered only those responses of the interviewees that are directly related to their experiences of original family and social relationships, where the collected data were analyzed in three steps by methods of thematic analysis. As a result of the analysis, the experiences of original family and social relationships in single women could be grouped into six main clusters of themes which may be labeled as (1) themes centered on 'Family attachment', (2) themes centered on 'Special People' and (3) themes centered on 'Estrange relative relationship'. (4) themes centered on 'Small social life', (5) themes centered on 'Absence of a social relationshipship', (6) themes centered on 'Drive for freedom'. Among the first category of themes of 'Family attachment', we have found three sub-themes such as 'Adult Baby under parents' care', 'Confirm of single life', 'Intricate family relations'. As for the second category of themes 'Special People', three sub-themes have been found including 'I Only Love Mom.', 'Sister friend', 'My lovely nephew or niece'. And for the third category of only one theme 'Estranged relative relationship'. And for the fourth category of themes 'Small social life', there were found four sub-themes which include 'Relationship at work', 'Chat with friends', 'Keep oneself aloof from the opposite sex', 'Singles gather together'. And for the fifth category of themes 'Absence of a social relationshipship', there were found three sub-themes which include 'Alone than meeting', 'Lazism', 'Tight daily lives'. And for the final category of themes 'Drive for freedom', there were found two sub-themes which include 'Caution for attachment', 'Caution for entanglement'. In all, there are sixteen sub-themes to consider. On the basis of these results, we presented some conclusions on the experiences of original family and social relationships in single women. We also presented some implications of these results on population education and future research.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.135-159
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• 2018

This thesis compares and analyzes the dynamics between policy, knowledge and power of Myanmar's higher education development. The papers begins by exploring the dynamics during the Socialist Military Regime(1962~1988), the Collapse of Higher Education Era(1988~2010), Thein Sein's Reform Era(2010~2015) and the current Aung San Suu Kyi's Civilian Era(2015~Now). By highlighting recent dramatic policy changes, the article argues that the policy discourse on the subject of internationalization of higher education and the technocratization of education development policy by the current Civilian Government in its new policy discourse, that resulted in the active participation as well as the contributions of international donors has directly impacted on the policy dynamics around the Comprehensive Education Sector Review and the introduction of the National Education Strategic Plan 2016~2020. Further, by examining complex interaction between the current domestic education stakeholders and international donors in education sector in Myanmar, this thesis argues that the new analytical framework on the understanding of policy dynamics in developing countries goes beyond the national level. The paper argues that there needs to be broadening of the analytical framework towards the multidimensional analysis perspective that includes global, national as well as local level policy, knowledge and power dynamics in Myanmar's dynamically changing higher education sector.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.1-15
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to propose a direction for designing and managing a smart park for realizing a smart green city and to present measures in the landscape field to foster related industries. The research process is as follows. First, the concept of a smart park was operationally defined through a literature review, and three principles to be considered in the process of creation and management were established. Second, in terms of the three principles, problems and implications for improvement were derived through an analysis of established cases of smart parks in new and pre-existing cities. Third, a pool of designs and management standards for each spatial component of a smart park was prepared through literature and case studies, and then further refined through brainstorming with experts in related fields. Fourth, measures were suggested to the government, local governments, and the landscape field to promote smart park creation and management. The main findings are as follows. First, the concept of a smart park is defined as "a park that contributes to securing the social, economic, and environmental sustainability of cities and local communities by supporting citizens' safe and pleasant use of parks and improving the management and operational efficiency by utilizing the digital, environment, and material technologies." Second, the three principles of smart parks are to improve the intrinsic value of parks, to improve the innovative functions of parks to solve urban problems, and to make the design, construction, and management process smart. Third, improvement implications were derived through the analysis of cases of smart parks creation in new and pre-existing cities. Fourth, the directions for smart park design and management were suggested in five aspects: green area, hydroponic facility area, road and plaza area, landscape facilities area, and park design method. Fifth, as for policy implications for revitalizing the construction and management of smart parks, the development of smart park policy business models by city growth stage, and park type, the promotion of pilot projects, the promotion of smart park projects in connection with the Korean New Deal policy, and smart park policies led by landscape experts were presented.