• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.53 no.5
• /
• pp.609-617
• /
• 2020

After introducing the industry 4.0 policy, Korean government announced 'Digital New Deal' and 'Green New Deal' as 'Korean New Deal' in 2020. We analyzed Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM)'s research projects related to that policy and conducted markets analysis focused on Digital Twin and environmental monitoring technologies. Regarding 'Data Dam' policy, we suggested the digital geo-contents with Augmented Reality (AR) & Virtual Reality (VR) and the public geo-data collection & sharing system. It is necessary to expand and support the smart mining and digital oil fields research for '5th generation mobile communication (5G) and artificial intelligence (AI) convergence into all industries' policy. Korean government is suggesting downtown 3D maps for 'Digital Twin' policy. KIGAM can provide 3D geological maps and Internet of Things (IoT) systems for social overhead capital (SOC) management. 'Green New Deal' proposed developing technologies for green industries including resource circulation, Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS), and electric & hydrogen vehicles. KIGAM has carried out related research projects and currently conducts research on domestic energy storage minerals. Oil and gas industries are presented as representative applications of digital twin. Many progress is made in mining automation and digital mapping and Digital Twin Earth (DTE) is a emerging research subject. The emerging research subjects are deeply related to data analysis, simulation, AI, and the IoT, therefore KIGAM should collaborate with sensors and computing software & system companies.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2012

There is no doubt that the urban heat island (UHI) is a mounting problem in built-up environments, due to energy retention by the surface materials of dense buildings, leading to increased temperatures, air pollution, and energy consumption. To investigate the UHI, three-dimensional (3-D) information is necessary to analyze complex sites, including dense building clusters. In this research, 3-D building geometry information is combined with two-dimensional (2-D) urban surface information to examine the relationship between urban characteristics and temperature. In addition, this research introduces spatial regression models to account for the spatial spillover effects of urban temperatures, and includes the following steps: (a) estimating urban temperatures, (b) developing a 3-D city model, (c) generating urban parameters, and (d) conducting statistical analyses using both Ordinary Least-Squares (OLS) and Spatial Regression Models. The results demonstrate that 3-D urban characteristics greatly affect temperatures and that neighborhood effects are critical in explaining temperature variations. Finally, the implications of the results are discussed, providing guidelines for policies to reduce the UHI.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.18-28
• /
• 1998

현재의 가축분뇨처리 형태와 축종별 적용대상은 표 3과 같이 분류되며, 축분 퇴비화 뇨오수 정화방식의 고액분리 형태에서 분뇨혼합물의 동시처리 즉, 깔감축사(소, 돼지), 슬러리 발효 퇴비화를 통한 무방류 시스템으로 변화되는 추세이다. 이러한 현상은 최근의 방류수질 규제강화에 따른 무방류화 저비용 단순화를 지향하고 있으며, 무방류화의 가장 큰 걸림돌은 톱밥과 같은 수분조절재 부족이라 할 수 있다. 현재 이용되고 있는 주요 시스템별 개선안은 다음과 같다. $\square$ 주요 처리 시스템 적용의 문제제기 $\circ$ 축분발효시설 - 톱밥 등 부자재 무이용을 위한 축분의 예비 건조시설 이용 - 교반식 발효기의 악취확산방지를 위하여 밀폐형 하우스 및 강제환기 장치 설치에 의한 악취 포집 및 탈취 - 중소규모 발효시설 개발 $\circ$ 화력건조 - 예비건조를 통한 톱밥, 연료비용 절감 - 악취방치 장치부착 의무화 $\circ$ 활성오니 정화시설 - 시설 운전관리 단순화 - 1차 고액분리를 통한 유입수 오염부하량 감소 및 균일화 $\circ$ 깔감축사 - 경제적으로 흡수를 극대화할 수 있는 수분조절재의 조합비 결정 및 혼합물을 깔감으로 재이용 기술개발 $\circ$ 슬러리 발효퇴비화 시설 - 톱밥 등 수분조절재 사용량 절감기술 - 증발량 극대화 기술개발 및 소요에너지 최소화기술개발 우리나라는 사계절이 뚜렷하여 외기상에 따라 편차가 심하며, 고밀도 사육 및 지역적 편중성, 경지면적 협소, 고비용 시장구조 등의 축산환경을 고려한다면 근원적으로 가축분뇨문제 해결한다는 것은 결코 쉬운 일이 아니다. 이는 저공해 사료개발에서부터 분뇨가 발생단계에서 분리, 수거할 수 있는 수거시설, 고효율 분뇨처리시스템의 정립, 액비 및 퇴비의 가공, 토양환원되었을 때 작물생장장애, 액비, 퇴비의 유통, 가축분뇨처리 정책 및 규제법 등의 각 분야에서 복합적 노력이 필요하다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.101-111
• /
• 2019

The construction of a "cold-chain cluster," which is a complex of cold-storage warehouses is emerging as an issue in the logistics industry. The Incheon Port Authority, in partnership with Korea Gas Corporation, is carrying out a project to build a cold-storage cluster using cold energy generated in the Songdo LNG receiving terminal. This study proposes a method of activating the cold-storage cluster using the CFPR methodology. An analysis of major factors showed that the most important factor was stability and profitability, which scored 0.281. For sub-factors, sustainable trade volume was the highest in importance, followed by rent level, the sustainability of LNG cold energy utilization technology, competition with general cold-storage warehouses, and exclusion of duplicate investments in facilities. For the future study, the evaluation of complex of cold-storage warehouses using major factors drawn out from this study is needed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.2249-2254
• /
• 2015

Currently, green house gas(GHG) emissions in korea is aiming for a 30% reduction that it is compared to BAU by 2020. To this end, the government has proceed to a variety of reduction policies in GHG. In particular, GHG reduction effect in the public buildings is being a active discussion. It needs to reduce GHG for energy efficiency improvements in the way that public buildings are operated and maintained by public taxes. In this background, the purpose of this paper is to study environmental values judgement for non-market goods in the residents who use public buildings. The results of study are as follows; Respond to first suggested price was found the higher in price, the lower in willingness to pay(WTP). The result of second suggested price was as the same. Analysis of DBDC CVM revealed that income level shows a positive impact on WTP, but the other variables are irrelevant to WTP. Therefore, the citizen participation of the local population seems absolutely necessary to more effective GHG reduction of public sector in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.95 no.1
• /
• pp.60-72
• /
• 2006

The aim of this paper is to identify and evaluate relations for forest greening and the firewood substitution for home use after 1945 Liberation of Korea. Korea faced serious forest degradation by the early 1960s due to the enormous firewood consumption, which was about ten million cubic meters annually, for home use. If the trend of firewood consumption was maintained until 1955's, the total forest area in Korea could be thoroughly degraded within 10 years. The firewood substitution for home use had to be solved as soon as possible. For this purpose, energy sector by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry carried out the substitution policy for home using the briquettes which was the only natural resources for energy produced in Korea. Firewood was prohibited being carried in the major cities by forestry sector, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, from 1958. Only 5.2% of household in the cities used the forest products consumed as a fuel in 1970 because these inter-sectoral substitution measures of firewood for home use turned out a success gradually. After the 1970s, firewood consumption for home use was naturally decreased due to rural people's explosive move to cities, who were major consumers of firewood for home use at that time. Firewood for cooking was substituted by LPG gas after 1985 and firewood for house heating was substituted by coal and oil after 1980. Finally, on the basis of the firewood substitution for home use, the forest degradation that lasted over one hundred years was put a period.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.47 no.6
• /
• pp.673-681
• /
• 2014

Recently, many countries in the world try to develop alternative energy sources, however, traditional hydrocarbon resources are still occupying most of the energy resources. Exploration demands for high technologies are increasing in the development of limited oil & gas resources field owing to the exhaustion of hydrocarbon resources for access area. Therefore, an effort for the development and the application of new technologies such as azimuth seismic survey, ocean-bottom seismic survey and marine controlled-source electromagnetic survey is necessary as well as an understanding of the existing technologies such as 2D/3D seismic survey. This dissertation is designed with the purpose of introducing marine hydrocarbon exploration technologies and analyzing their internalexternal researches, development and science information. In this study, we analised total 616 dissertations for the marine petroleum exploration released in the Sci-expanded DB of 'web of science' during the 2001~2014 periods.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.105-110
• /
• 2014

Korean government sets up a goal that jumps up to the third ranked powerful nation of offshore wind in the world until 2020 and announced "The plan for 2.5-gigawatt wind farm off the south-west coast by 2019". Such above, according to green energy policy, offshore wind farms(OWF) will be increased continuously. The development of OWF should be taken account of wind volume as well as marine traffic environment. Specially aids to navigation of OWF play a significant role in preventing collision between vessels navigating near waters and structures. For purpose of distinguishing OWF, IALA recommendations define installation of lights on SPS and IPS. However, there is no mention of light character that plays important role in identification of lights as marking offshore wind farm. Also the research on selection of proper light character has been insufficient state. Therefore in this paper, we analyzed internal and external regulations concerned marking with light on SPS and IPS in OWF. And suggested patterns and rhythms of light having not only easily recognized feature but also no confusion with other light of aids to navigation. The proposed light characters were verified by simulation, and the results were analysed that synchronism flickering of "Fl Y(4) 12s(SPS)" and "Fl Y 6s(IPS)" would be useful in combination of both lights.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.56 no.2
• /
• pp.217-230
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the diet intake status and quality of adults from North Korea who had lived in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, using the nutrition quotient (NQ) for Korean adults. Methods: A number of 166 adults aged from 20 to 64 years were enrolled as study subjects. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on their demographic characteristics, food consumption frequency, eating behaviors, and NQ. The NQ score was then used to measure the overall diet quality. The NQ score was composed of four major age-based categories. 'Balance', 'Diversity', 'Moderation', and 'Dietary behavior' were utilized as scores for measurements within each of the four categories. The scores for all four categories were summed up, resulting in the total NQ score. Participants' age groups were stratified by 20's, 30's, 40', and over 50's. A χ² test and generalized linear regression (GLM) model were used to assess a significance for difference of subject distribution in categorical and continuous variables in the food consumption frequency, eating behaviors, and NQ scores. Results: Participants in younger age groups were more likely to report consumption of ramyeon, fast food, sweet and greasy baked products, processed beverage, delivery food, and night snacks than the older age groups. Most importantly, participants in 20's age group were less likely to report the total NQ and moderation score than the 50's age group. Conclusion: In this study, the 20's age group displayed a lower NQ characteristic for an unbalanced diet. Therefore, it is imperative for adults from North Korea to be given individualized diet instructions along with nutritional education programs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Quaternary Association Conference
• /
• 2004.06a
• /
• pp.46-46
• /
• 2004

Van Mijenfjorden은 스발바드 군도의 Spitsbergen 서부에 위치하는 두 번째로 큰 피오르드로 온난하고 염분도가 높은 북대서양의 표층수가 북극해로 유입되는 Gateway에 위치하기 때문에 전지구적이며 지역적인 기후변화의 영향을 받는 지역이다. 1999년 IMAGES 프로그램의 일환으로 프랑스 탐사선인 'R/V Marion Dufresne'을 이용하여 북극해의 스발바드 군도에 위치하는 Van Mijenfjorden (77$^{\circ}$ 46.87'N and 15$^{\circ}$ 17.81'E)에서 약 18m의 빙ㆍ해양 퇴적물 코아(MD99-2305)를 시추하여 마지막 최대 빙하기 이후의 고환경변화를 연구하였다. AMS 14C 연대 측정에 의하면 diamicton 층인 하부 2m를 제외한 16m의 퇴적층은 지난 12cal. ka BP경에 피오르드에 존재하던 조수빙하(tidewater glacier)가 해빙되기 시작한 이후에 퇴적되었다. 특히 유기지화학 자료와 부유성과 저서성 유공충의 산출양상 그리고 저서성 유공충인 C. reniforme의 산소ㆍ탄소 안정동위원소 비에 의하면 코아 MD99-2305에는 Van Mijenfjorden에서 홀로세 동안에 일어난 퇴적환경변화를 잘 기록하고 있다. 특히 홀로세 동안에 피오르드내의 퇴적환경 변화는 조수빙하의 확장과 후퇴와 밀접한 관계가 있으며, 유기물의 탄소동위원소(13Corg) 비는 -24에서 -22$\textperthousand$ 값의 변화를 보인다. 이는 Van Mijenfjorden 퇴적물에 공급된 유기물은 육상과 해양기원이 혼합되어 퇴적되었음을 지시한다. 지난 12 cal. ka BP 이후 13Corg 값이 뚜렷하게 변하는 것은 Van Mijenfiorden에서 조수빙하의 변동과 표층수에서의 생산력의 변화를 강하게 반영한다. 강하게 반영한다.53%가 이공계 출신, 100대 기업 CEO의 38.4%가 이공계 출신, 대입수능시험에서 자연계 지원비율이 감소 -40.1%('99)\$\longrightarrow$34.7%('00)\$\longrightarrow$29.4%('01)\$\longrightarrow$26.9%('02)\$\longrightarrow$30.3%('03)\$\longrightarrow$31.5%\$\longrightarrow$'04)필요성, 효과적인 운전자 교육 정책 등이 그것이다. 자동차 긴급 피난 차선은 유용한 시설로 여러곳에서 그 기능이 발휘되고 있으므로 많은 고속도로 관계자들은 설계, 시공 및 유지 관리 측면에서 유의해야 할 것이다.미세조직을 광학현미경으로 압출방향에 평행한 방향과 수직방향으로 관찰하였고, 열간 압출재 이방성을 검토하기 위하여 X선 회절분석을 실실하여 결정방위를 확인하였다. 전기 비저항 및 Seebeck 계수 측정을 위하여 각각 2$\times$2$\times$10$mm^3$ 그리고 5$\times$5$\times$10TEX>$mm^3$ 크기의 시편을 준비하였다.준비하였다.전류를 구성하는 주요 입자의 에너지 영역(75~l13keV)에서 가장 높은(0.80) 상관계수를 기록했다. 넷째, 회복기 중에 일어나는 입자들의 유입은 자기폭풍의 지속시간을 연장시키는 경향을 보이며 큰 자기폭풍일수록 현저했다. 주상에서 관측된 이러한 특성은 서브스톰 확장기 활동이 자기폭풍의 발달과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 시사한다.se that were all low in two aspects, named "the Nonsignificant group". And the issues were