• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.27-37
• /
• 2013

A roof surface temperature monitoring, utilizing remotely sensed thermal infrared image has been specifically proposed to explore evidential data for heating load in winter by cool roof. The remotely sensed thermal infrared image made it possible to identify area-wide patterns of changing trends of surface temperature according to rooftop color (white, black, blue, green) which cannot be acquired by traditional field sampling. The temperature difference of cool roof having a higher solar reflectance were ranged from $3^{\circ}C$ up to $9^{\circ}C$, compared to the general roofs. It is confirmed that there is a significant potential to the energy saving by introducing the cool roof in a Korean climate since up to $18.46^{\circ}C$ difference in cool roof, compared to the general roofs in summer were already identified in Seoul, South Korea. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference in identifying heating load in winter by cool roof since an objective monitoring has been proposed based on the area-wide measured, fully quantitative performance of remotely sensed thermal infrared image.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.115-123
• /
• 2022

This study aims to introduce a temperature discoloration roof system and its cooling effect in the summer. Temperature discoloration paints can reverse their colors based on temperature changes. If these paints on the roof surface could color-shift between white in the summer and black in the winter, the indoor cooling and heating loads can be affected by the changes in reflection and absorption of solar radiation. Focusing on the summer period, the study analyzed the cooling effect of applying temperature discoloration paint that color-shifts from white to black on the roof surface of a small experimental building module and compared it to commonly used gray and green roof colors. Results of the experiment showed that the surface temperature of the roof with temperature discoloration paint was lower than the gray and green color roofs by a maximum of 10℃. Furthermore, the indoor temperature of the experimental module with the temperature discoloration roof was lower than the gray and green roofs by approximately 3℃. Findings of the study indicate that the application of temperature discoloration paint to the roof can reduce indoor cooling loads.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.83-91
• /
• 2013

Cool roofs are currently being emerged as one of important mechanism to save energy in relation to the building. It is specifically proposed that the changing trends of rooftop surface temperature in the flat roof building model could be used effectively as an indicator to reduced cooling load reduced by cool roof since it can present stable temperature record, that is not influenced according to the nearby physical as well as human variables. The temperature of cool roof in summer was lower around $20^{\circ}C$, compared to the general roofs. Such a seasonal or daily comparative study for rooftop temperature in the building model will highlight that the cool roof efficiency could be calculated in much area-wide context according to rooftop color distribution in urban residential area. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference in identifying energy saving by cool roof since an objective monitoring has been proposed based on the rooftop temperature in the building model, fully quantitative performance of thermal infrared image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.9-18
• /
• 2019

The intensity and the number of days of high temperature occurrence are also high and record heat occurred. In addition, the global warming phenomenon is intensifying globally, and especially in South Korea, the urban heat island phenomenon is also occurring due to rapid urbanization due to rapid industrial development. As the temperature of the city rises, it causes problems such as the comfort of the residential living and the cooling load. In this study, the cool roof performance is evaluated according to the roof color to reduce these problems. Unlike previous studies, UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) thermal infrared camera was used to obtain the surface temperature (white, grey, green, blue, brown, black) according to the rooftop color by remote sensing technique. As a result, the surface temperature of white color was $11{\sim}20^{\circ}C$ lower than other colors. Also air conditioning temperature of white color was $1.5{\sim}4.4^{\circ}C$ lower than other colors and the digital thermometer of white color was about $1.5{\sim}3.5^{\circ}C$ lower than other colors. It was confirmed that the white cool roof performance is the best, and the UAV and the thermal infrared camera can confirm the cool roof performa.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2011

This article attempts to propose the control planning of townscape color around the historic and cultural heritages. The streets and roads of historic conservation and the changing perspectives to which it gives rise in Stockholm has changed dramatically during this century. New development or changes to existing buildings should be carried out in a way which acknowledges its surroundings and is a good neighbour, both in the cultural and social sense that makes good color design sense. There are many examples of townscape color, but the conservative and the historical streets and roads in the whole of the Stockholm city should benefit from careful design of the environment. To achieve this purposes, some strategies of case study of several streets and roads are reviewed; designing color context to relate to urban architectural design proposals of specific sites of cultural heritages are explored. In all new developments the scale of new buildings and the material finishes and colors used should respect the character of their surroundings and have due regard to the setting of any listed building. Streetscape color of visual assessment proposals should aim to help assimilate the development into the local scene. Important streets and roads should also include color townscape.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
• /
• 2017.04a
• /
• pp.97-97
• /
• 2017

천일염의 생산공정은 바닷물(나트륨 농도: 2~3%)을 저수지로 유입시킨 바닷물을 농축하는 1차 증발지(난치)와 2차 증발지(누태)로 보내 일반적으로 2주 정도 증발시켜 나트륨 농도 12~15% 소금물을 만든다. 온도가 낮은 겨울철에는 결정지를 거치거나 2차 증발지의 농축시켜 창고(해주)에서 보관 하는 동안 나트륨 농도 25~27%정도로 상승되어 소금 결정을 이루고 채염하여 창고로 운송한다. 보관창고에서 천일염에서 쓴맛을 내는 간수를 제거한 뒤 선별, 건조 및 포장하는 유통하는 단계로 이뤄진다. 천일염의 생산과정 중 해주는 함수를 저장하여 고농도의 함수를 저장하여 불용분 및 이물질을 자연 침전시켜 맑은 함수를 다음 공정으로 이송시켜 천일염 품질향상에 중요한 공정 중에 하나이다. 그러나 일반적인 염전의 해주는 지붕의 복사열로 인하여 저장중인 해수의 대류로 인하여 침전물이 상승되고 이물질이 부유함으로 인하여 품질저하의 원인이 되고 있다. 또한 해주 구조 및 해주 품질에 대한 자료는 전무한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구의 목적은 해주의 깊이에 따른 해수의 대류 방지 깊이 및 품질 변화를 측정하여 고품질 천일염 생산공정에 적용하는데 목적이 있다. 해주분석을 위한 염전은 결정지 채염공정을 공유하는 2개지역 3개 염전을 대상으로 하였으며, 무안, 운남 및 만품지역의 3개소를 선정하여 생산방식이 비교적 동일한 염전을 선정하여 조사 및 분석하였다. 해주의 깊이는 1.0, 3.0, 3.5m인 해주의 시료를 채취하여 Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphate, Chloride 의 함량 분석은 Arena 20 XT 자동흡광분석기 (Automated photometric analyzer)을 이용하여 분석을 하였다. 각 염전에서 채취한 해수의 평균 탁도 값은 해주의 깊이가 깊을수록 탁도 값이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 해수의 색상 "b" 값은 해주 깊이가 깊을수록 낮은 결과를 보였다. Mg 함량은 전반적으로 15,000~40,000 mg/L 범위의 값을 나타냈으며, Sulphate 함량은 약 30,000~65,000 mg/L 범위의 값을 나타났으며, 깊이가 깊을수록 Mg, Sulphate 함량이 낮아지는 결과를 보였으나 Chloride 함량은 뚜렷한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 실험 결과 해주 깊이에 따른 함수의 품질 차이가 발생하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었으며, 해주의 바닥 깊이가 깊을수록 함수의 불용분 침전, 분리에 효율적인 것으로 판단되었다.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.57 no.3
• /
• pp.184-199
• /
• 2024

This study was conducted in response to the global trend of emphasizing the importance of "everyday landscapes", focusing on the perspective of those who have returned to rural life. With a focus on the case of Gokseong-gun in Jeollanam-do, 460 diaries written by these individuals were collected and analyzed using text mining techniques such as "frequency analysis", "topic modeling", and "sentiment analysis". The analysis of noun morphemes was interpreted from a cognitive aspect, while adjective morphemes were interpreted from an emotional aspect. In particular, this study applied semantic network analysis to overcome the limitations of existing sentiment analysis, and extracted a word network list and examined the content of nouns connected to adjectives that express emotions to identify the targets and contents of sentiments. This method represents a differentiated approach that is not commonly found in existing research. One of the intriguing findings is that the urban-to-rural migrants identified everyday landscapes such as "flowers on neighborhood walking paths", "harvest of a garden", "neighborhood events", and "cozy cafe spaces" as important. These elements all contain visual and enjoyable aspects of everyday landscapes. Currently, many rural villages are attempting to add visual elements to their everyday landscapes by unifying roof colors or painting murals on walls. However, such artificial measures do not necessarily leave a lasting impression on people. A critical review of current policies and systems is necessary. This research is significant because it is the first to study everyday landscapes from the perspective of urban-to-rural migration using diaries and text mining. With a lack of domestic research on everyday landscapes, this study hopes to contribute to the activation of related research in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.41-53
• /
• 2017

This study was performed to determine what the plant material were selected to reflect in the 2016 Korea Garden Show designer's garden. It was analyzed that plant material was used to display the theme of the garden and to create a specific space. Under the given theme of 'K-Garden, Shinhallyu Garden(new style garden culture) with the most Korean taste', the plants were used to highlight the theme in two types: 'representation' and 'expression'. There were two 'representation' gardens that imitate a particular space of Korean taste and four 'expression' gardens that showcase the designer's thoughts with abstract concepts and concrete objects. Three gardens included both types of garden. The way of revealing the subject with plants was used more for 'expression' than for 'representation'. There were eleven spaces for 'representation' of the Korean taste, a vegetable garden, faucet, pond, field, nature, a Hanok court garden, groves of bamboo, tile roof, stone wall, rock and backyard of a Hanok connected to the mountain. The planting material was used in two ways: reflecting only the ecological characteristics of the plant, and considering the ecological and visual characteristics together. Vegetation plantings reflecting the ecological characteristics were observed in all eleven spaces. Nine of the spaces reflected the growth environment of the plants, but the other two did not reflect the ecological characteristics of the plants, unlike the designer's intention. In the case of the four spaces that considered the ecological and visual characteristics together, color and size were considered visual characteristics. The plants in the seven spaces that included 'expression' as the theme were selected to reflect the visual characteristics in the order of color, shape, texture, and size, rather than reflecting ecological characteristics. A group planting method was applied. When the plants were used as materials for creating space, Norman(1989) analyzed three enclosure factors(overhead, vertical, ground plane). Only two deciduous trees were used in the overhead plane while five species of evergreen shrubs and thirty species of various deciduous plants were used in the vertical plane. There were forty-five species (nine trees and thirty-six herbaceous plants) forming the ground plane, and various herbaceous plants were utilized without duplication in each garden. The designer's garden of the Garden Show played a role in introducing new groundcover plants to the public. Three of the nine gardens did not include ornamental plants, and the use of decorative plants in other gardens was few compared to the number of plantings. In the Korea Garden Show designer's garden, most of the plants were being used with the intention of exposing the theme or architectural uses. In the 2016 Korea Garden Show designer's garden, many species of plants were used as materials for showcasing themes rather than for creating spaces. Also, the method of 'expression' was used more than the method of 'representation' in order to highlight the theme. This indicates that the planting materials reflect visual characteristics such as color, shape, texture, size rather than ecological characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.56-75
• /
• 2023

As of 2019, for the 'Island I Want to Visit' project, Banwol and Bakji Islands, located in Shinan-gun, started color marketing to create a tourist attraction by painting roofs, buildings, and facilities purple. As this landscape change was evaluated as a 'dangerous but beautiful attempt,' it was recognized as the 'World's Best Tourism Village' in 2021, drawing attention from domestic and foreign tourists. However, the residents of the islands, who created and enjoy the benefits of the landscape, were alienated from the planning stage. This study investigated the meanings and symbols of residents' perceptions of the purple landscape. The cultural landscape frame of new cultural geography, which interprets the landscape's symbolic meaning and ideological signs, was utilized. In addition, a holistic approach was applied to understand the residents' perceptions of the multi-layered environment. Therefore, the perception of purple, the main color of the islands, the overall landscape and individual places, and the general perception of the Purple Island project were investigated. After the Purple Islands Project, the main senses for recognizing the villages focused on sight, and the residents were satisfied with the purple landscape as it improved the underdeveloped village environment. This satisfaction was based on lessening the negative memories experienced as an island rather than a value judgment on the purple color. In addition, the perception of the symbolic landscape, which has a social and universal system, has been subdivided and reorganized, including for tourism functions. It can be understood as an aspect of the spectacle landscape that appears in cosmopolitanism. However, in the process of transforming into a tourist attraction, it was discovered that the residents recognize the value of local resources and create a new cultural landscape. In addition, the perception of the relationship between Banwol and Bakji has also changed around tourism.