• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.145-154
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• 2017

In recent years, demand for 1 / 1,000 digital map production has increased in various fields such as construction and urban planning. As a result, the use of low-cost non-metric cameras that replace expensive aerial photogrammetry equipment is required. In Korea, researches are being continuously carried out to produce a large scale digital map by photographing a small target area with a non-metric camera. However, due to the limitation of the accuracy of the non-metric camera, it is difficult to do digital mapping with stereoscopic photographs. In this study, we tried to verify the possibility of large-scale digital mapping to utilize non-metric camera for public survey. For this purpose, the accuracy of the digital mapping results of the non-metric camera and the results of the DMC camera were compared and analyzed. After performing in-situ self-calibration including 8 standard additional parameters, we plotted to a scale of 1/1,000 and confirmed that the RMSE is suitable for public survey accuracy of ${\pm}0.145m$ in horizontal and ${\pm}0.153$ m in vertical.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.230-236
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• 2015

In this paper, the electric potential of electrode surface is investigated by assuming them as two dimensional sets of point current sources. And, the simulated water tank is manufactured as a reduced scale of the earth. Henceforth, the adequate model electrode for test is decided to decrease experimental errors relevant to the limitation of the size of the water tank. The one of important things of this work, the deduction method of the potential interference factor is proposed, which used as the criterion of the potential interference according to the shape of conductors and the laying conditions, when multiple grounding conductors are situated at the same resistance grounding area. Also, the validity of this theory is verified from a numerical simulation of the grounding electrode to be used in experiments, and this study is realized by the verified theory and the simulated experiments.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.27-40
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• 2011

토양정보는 식량생산, 지속적인 토지이용 계획, 종다양성 평가에 사용되는 기본적인 자료이다. 우리나라 토양조사의 역사, 다양한 축척의 토양도 구축과 토양검정, 토양도와 토양검정 자료의 특성, 농업환경변동 모니터링을 통한 일반농경지 및 취약농경지 토양, 토양정보의 전산화에 따른 토양데이터베이스와 토양정보시스템 소개, 구축된 토양정보의 활용과 향후 방향에 대해 논하였다. 40여년 동안 수행되었던 국책 토양조사사업 결과 두 종류의 토양 데이터베이스가 구축되었는데, 다양한 축척의 토양도(1:250,000, 1:50,000, 1:25,000, 1:5,000)를 GIS DB로 전산화한 수치토양도 DB와 필지 단위로 조사된 화학성 위주의 토양분석 성적을 구축한 토양비옥도 DB이다. 흙토람(http://soil.rda.go.kr)에 서 제공하는 토양전자지도는 총 111종으로 토성, 경사, 지형, 모재, 배수등급, 자갈함량, 유효토심 등 토양 GIS 주제도 50종, 사과, 배, 마늘, 수박 등 작물 재배적지 61종이고, 82종의 토양통계 정보를 제공하고 있다. 최근 에는 친환경농업육성법 시행령에 따른 경작형태 및 오염원별 농경지 토양의 이화학성 및 농업용수 수질 조사 자료를 GIS DB로 구축하여 공간적인 분포와 시계열적인 변화를 분석하는 자료로 활용하고 있다. 농업환경변동 정보는 농업환경자원 인벤토리를 기반으로 일반농경지의 화학성과 농업용수의 수질, 토양 미생물 등의 공간적인 분포와 시간적인 변화 정보를 전문가 그룹에 제공하고 있다. 앞으로는 자연자원의 분포와 변동 정보를 바탕으로 보다 일반적이고 알기 쉽게 가공하여 일반인들에게 농업환경과 자연자원 보전의 중요성을 이해시키는 정보로 제공할 예정이다. 기존의 토양정보와 농업환경정보를 통합하여 컨텐츠를 보다 내실있게 하고 정보 수요자별로 손쉽게 목적에 맞는 접근을 할 수 있는 시스템을 만들어 사용자의 편의성을 강화시키는 방향으로 이끌어 가고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.33B no.1
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• pp.170-177
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• 1996

In this paper, we propose a neural network for extracting dashed lines from map images based on the feature extracting path be found in a cat and monkey's visual cortex. The proposed system converts a color image to a binary image and extracts the lines per orientation. Next, the system removes the lines longer than the dashed line and extracts the dashed lines by finding the consecutive short lines. The proposed system for extracting the dashed lines was tested using 1/25,000 scaled maps published by the National Geographic Institute of Korea. This paper shows that the proposed system can extract the dashed-lines from maps.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.87-97
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• 2006

LIDAR(Light Detection and Ranging) is a new technology for obtaining DEM(Digital Elevation Model)ewith high density and high point acuracy. As LIDAR emerged, DEM could be developed in the earthsurface more efficiently and more economically, compared to the conventional aerial photogrametry.In this study, a digital camera is simultaneously used in combined LIDAR surveying, and acquired digitial image and DEM produce digital orthoimage. In this process, methods of combining sensor andorthoimage, GCPs determined by GPS surveying are used. Two digital orthoimage are produced; onewith a few GCP and the other without them. The produced maps can be used to corect or revised1:1,000 or 1:5,000 scale maps acordingly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.435-444
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• 2012

Although the multi-scale map database should be constructed for the web map services and location-based services, much part of generation process is based on the manual editing. In this study, the map generalization methodology for automatic construction of multi-scale database from the primary data is proposed. Moreover, the generalization methodology is applied to the real map data and the prototype of multi-scale map dataset is generated. Among the generalization operators, selection/elimination, simplification and amalgamation/aggregation is applied in organized manner. The algorithm and parameters for generalization is determined experimentally considering T$\ddot{o}$pfer's radical law, minimum drawable object of map and visual aspect. The target scale level is five(1:1,000, 1:5,000, 1:25,000, 1:100,000, 1:500,000) and for the target data, new address data and digital topographic map is used.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.283-292
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• 1999

Aerotriangulation for the large scale mapping(photo-scale l/5,000) was studied with the projection center determined by kinematic DGPS positioning. For the feasibility study, the accuracy and error was analyzed with the comparison between a projection center from the conventional model adjustment and the projection center determined by the kinematic DGPS positioning. Kinematic DGPS-supported Bundle adjustment was also performed. The accuracy of projection center, determined by L1 phase data observed within 30 km from base station, was stable, and the planimetric accuracy(RMS) is 13 cm and the vertical accuracy(RMS) is 15 cm with 4 ground control points, which satisfies the national standard of digital mapping. Thus, this study shows that GPS-assisted aerotriangulation can be used for economic digital mapping.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.13 no.1 s.31
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• pp.27-35
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• 2005

It is impossible to call in the cost of map-production from the supply cost because the map produced in NGI is the public property. The aims of this research are to calculate a map manufacture cost and to assess the reasonable map prices with considering public property of map. For these aims, We have calculated the cost according to the scale and the form of paper and digital map, have determined the map supply cost, and have analyzed the situation of map supply and the map circulation market. We propose two alternatives. Firstly, supply price of map is reached the goal price after 6-years(raising ratio 30%) and Secondly, supply price of map is reached the goal price after 3-years(raising ratio 50%) because map supply price raising ratio is very much if research results are reflected after 1-year.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.211-216
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• 2006

교통주제도는 건설교통부와 한국교통연구원이 ${\ulcorner}$국가교통DB구축사업${\lrcorner}$의 일환으로 제작한 것으로, 국토지리정보원의 NGIS 수치지도(축척 1:5,000)를 기반으로 하여 현장조사 및 문헌조사를 통해 갱신, 보완하여 교통 분야의 활용에 적합하도록 구축한 GIS 수치지도이다. 교통주제도는 현장조사와 문헌조사를 통해 수집된 자료를 기반으로 구축되며 이중 교통시설물조사는 문헌자료(준공도로현황 등)를 참고하여 산정된 조사대상에 대하여 GPS 조사시스템을 활용, 도형 및 속성정보를 취득하는 것을 말한다. 조사항목은 도형정보(노드, 링크) 및 속성정보(차선수, 도로번호 등)이며 GPS 조사시스템과 조사원장(도면)을 이용하여 조사한다. 교통시설물조사와 문헌자료조사를 통해 수집된 자료는 단위도엽(1:5,000기준)별로 교통주제도에 반영되며 최종적으로 전국단위의 통합자료로 구축된다 교통주제도는 사용목적과 축척기준에 따라 단순화되며 이를 교통주제도 레벨이라 한다. 교통주제도의 레벨은 총 4단계로 구분되며 현재 레벨2에서 레벨4까지 구축되고 있다. 교통분석용 네트워크는 교통시설투자계획, 수요분석, 타당성 평가와 같은 교통분야의 연구를 수행하기 위해 반드시 필요한 자료이다. 교통분석용 네트워크는 교통주제도보다 더 단순화된 도로망 모델로서 구성요소는 노드(시점, 종점, 죤 센트로이드)와 링크(도로망, 센트로이드 커넥터)이며 도로의 기하구조보다는 논리적 구조(방향성, 노드/링크 연결성 등)에 중점을 둔 데이터이다 교통분석용 네트워크는 교통주제도의 도형과 속성정보를 기반으로 하며 각종 통계자료(도로교통량통계연보 등)를 활용, 구축된다. 교통분석용 네트워크는 구축시점에 따라 현재 및 장래 네트워크로 구분되며 장래 네트워크는 기준년도부터 2031년까지 5년 단위로 계획된 장래도로를 반영하여 구축된다. 교통주제도 및 교통분석용 네트워크는 국가교통DB구축사업을 통해 구축된 자료로서 교통체계효율화법 제9조의4에 따라 공공기관이 교통정책 및 계획수립 등에 활용할 수 있도록 제공하고 있다. 건설교통부의 승인절차를 거쳐 제공하며 활용 후에는 갱신자료 및 활용결과를 통보하는 과정을 거치도록 되어있다. 교통주제도는 국가의 교통정책결정과 관련분야의 기초자료로서 다양하게 활용되고 있으며, 특히 ITS 노드/링크 기본지도로 활용되는 등 교통 분야의 중요한 지리정보로서 구축되고 있다.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.163-180
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• 2020

In this study, to build a spatial information infrastructure, which is a component of a smart city, a 3D digital twin model in the downtown area was built based on the latest spatial information acquisition technology, the drone. Several analysis models were implemented by utilizing. While the data processing time and quality of the three types of drone photogrammetry software are different, the accuracy of the construction model is ± 0.04 in the N direction and ± 0.03m in the E direction. In the m and Z directions, ± 0.02m was found to be less than 0.1m, which is defined as the allowable range of surveying performance and inspection performance for the boundary point in the area where the registration of the boundary point registration is executed. 1: 500 to 1 of the aerial survey work regulation: The standard deviation, which is the error limit of the photographic reference point of the 600 scale, appeared within 0.14 cm, and it was found that the error limit of the large scale specified in the cadastral and aerial survey was satisfied. In addition, in order to increase the usability of smart city realization using a drone-based 3D urban digital twin model, the model built in this study was used to implement Prospect right analysis, landscape analysis, Right of light analysis, patrol route analysis, and fire suppression simulation training. Compared to the existing aerial photographic survey method, it was judged that the accuracy of the naked eye reading point is more accurate (about 10cm) than the existing aerial photographic survey, and it is possible to reduce the construction cost compared to the existing aerial photographic survey at a construction area of about 30㎢ or less.