• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.73-94
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• 2023

With the virtual asset market's rapid growth, government regulations on listing and trading procedures are expected. However, specific measures are currently lacking. To ensure stable inclusion in the institutional framework, precise regulations are needed for market development and investor protection. This study compares self-regulatory guidelines of the top domestic virtual asset exchanges with Korea Exchange's Preliminary Listing Examination Standards (2022) to enhance timeliness and relevance. It defines IEO, IPO, and ICO concepts and addresses conflicts of interest in IEO. Analyzing delisted virtual assets, it categorizes issues and classifies listing examination guidelines into formal and qualitative requirements. The study examines self-regulatory guidelines based on continuity, transparency, stability, corporate characteristics, and investor protection criteria, along with five special requirements for virtual assets. Improvement measures include regular disclosures of governance structure, circulation volume, and the establishment of independent audit institutions. This research further analyzes delisting cases, classifies issues, and proposes solutions. Considering stock market similarities, it offers measures based on the institutional framework.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Studies
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.119-144
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 1997년부터 2001년 기간 동안 증권거래소와 KOSDAQ 시장에서 액면분할을 실시한 기업을 대상으로 액면분할의 이사회 공시일을 사건일로 하여 사건일 전후 30일간의 주가, 유동성 지표, 기업수익성 지표 등을 이용하여 액면분할 공시에 따른 시장의 반응을 분석하고, 아울러 액면분할의 신호효과와 유동성 효과를 검증하였다. 본 연구에 이용된 자료는 검증기간 동안 다른 정보의 유입이 없는 순수자료를 이용하여 거래소 상장기업 72개와 KOSDAQ 100개 기업이 최종적으로 표본에 선정되었다. 본 연구에서 액면분할을 실시한 기업들은 두 시장 모두에서 대체로 양의 초과수익률을 나타내었고, 분할비율이 높을수록 양의 초과수익률이 상대적으로 더 강하게 지속되었다. 이런 결과는 미래 기업수익이 호전된다는 신호를 보내기 위하여 액면분할을 실시한다는 신호효과로 인한 것이 아니며, 동시에 고주가의 주식이 액면분할로 투자자금에 제약이 있는 투자자가 투자 가능한 저주가로 전환됨으로써 유동성의 증대를 가져온 결과라고 보기에도 무리가 있다. 액면분할이라는 그 자체가 논리적 근거도 없이 투자자에게 호재로 받아들여져 거래량의 증가를 가져왔다고 판단된다. 이런 현상은 KOSDAQ 시장에서 더욱 확연하게 나타났는데, 1997년부터 2001년까지의 분석기간 중에 KOSDAQ 시장의 무분별한 투기적 열풍이 이런 현상의 원인을 제공한 것이라고 추론된다. 액면분할이 한국시장의 투자자에게 호재로 받아들여진 것에는 액면분할 이후 대체로 주가가 양의 초과수익률을 나타내는 경우가 있었다는 과거의 경험적 사례가 작용한 것으로 아니가 예상된다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.137-170
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• 2003

Despite the great success of the derivatives market, several concerns were expressed regarding the additional volatilitystemming from program trading during the expiration of derivatives. This paper examines the impact of the expiration of the KOSPI 200 index derivatives on cash market of Korea Stock Exchange(KSE). The KOSPI 200 index derivatives market has a unique settlement price determination process. The settlement price for the expiration of derivatives is determined by call auction during the last 10 minutes after the trades for matured derivatives are finalized. We analyze typical expiration day effects such as price, volatility, and volume effects. With high frequency data, we find that there are strong expiration day effects in the KSE and try to interpret the results with the unique settlement procedures of the KOSPI 200 cash and derivatives markets.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.123-155
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• 1994

자본시장개방(資本市場開放)의 장기계획(長期計劃) 아래 추진된 증권시장의 개방은 국내경제를 한단계 높은 수준의 개방경제(開放經濟) 체제(體制)로 전환시키는 계기를 제공하는 혜택(惠澤)이 있는 반면에, 개방으로 유입되는 해외투자자금이 주식시장은 물론 거시경제지표(巨視經濟指標)에 부정적 영향을 미치는 경우를 배제할 수 없다. 부정적 현상으로 단기투기성(短期投機性) 자금에 의한 주가의 단기급등(短期急騰)이나 거품현상, 실물경제의 기반없는 해외부문통화(海外部門通貨) 증발(蒸發)에 따른 물가와 금리불안(金利不安), 그리고 원화의 수요증가(需要增加)로 인한 평가절상(評價切上) 압력으로 국제수지의 악화 등이다. 증시개방 이후 유입된 해외주식투자(海外株式投資) 자본(資本)이 거시경제 변수인 통화(通貨), 환율(換率), 그리고 주식시장(株式市場)에 미친 영향을 일반회귀분석, ARCH, VAR등의 모형을 통하여 연동적(連動的)인 유기관계(有機關係)를 실증적으로 분석한다. 분석 결과 통화량(通貨量)과 환율(換率)이 해외유입 자본으로 인하여 예상했던 부정적 효과를 나타냈다는 것을 입증(立證)할 근거(根據)는 찾을 수 없었다. 주가와 거래량은 해외주식 투자자금이 유인된 후 약 2주이내에 상승하였지만, 해외주식 투자자금의 유입원인(流入原因)은 주가(株價)와 거래량(去來量)의 상승세(上昇勢)로 인한 것이 아니라 주식시장의 위험도(危險度)와 잠재성(潛在性)에 비하여 주가(株價)가 저평가되어 향후 고수익율이 보장된다는 기대가 주요한 요인이라고 결론내릴 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Studies
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.217-242
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 부도기업의 부도 후 회생여부와 부도발생시의 주식시장의 반응과의 관계를 조사하였다. 즉 증권시장이 부도기업의 사후적인 회생 또는 회생실패에 대한 통찰력을 부도시에 이미 갖고 있는지를 부도처리시의 주가반응을 분석함으로써 검정하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 외환위기 후 상장기업의 부도가 빈발하였던 1998년에서 2000년 사이에 부도가 발생한 상장회사 55개 기업을 대상으로 후에 회생한 기업(31개기업)과 그렇지 못한 기업(24개 기업)을 구분하여 후에 회생한 기업의 부도시의 주가반응이 회생하지 못한 기업의 부도시의 주가반응보다 덜 부정적이었는지를 검정하였다. 실증분석 결과 부도기업 중 후에 회생한 기업(31개기업)의 분석기간 ($-10{\sim}+10$)중 평균초과수익률과 누적평균초과수익률이 비회생기업(24개기업)의 그것에 대하여 유의한 (+)의 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 또한 부도기업의 누적초과수익률을 종속변수로 하고 회생여부를 나타내는 더미변수, 전년도감사의견이 적정의견인지의 여부, 부채비율, 총자산(억원) 자연 로그값, 사전적 폭로정보 대용변수로서의 지난 1년간 주가반응을 의미하는 (-230, -11)윈도우 누적초과수익률을 독립변수로 하여 다중회귀분석을 실시하였으나 부도후 회생여부를 나타내는 더미변수의 회귀계수는 유의적이지 않았다. 따라서 초과수익률 차이분석결과 회생기업의 부도시의 주가반응이 비회생기업의 그것에 비하여 유의한 (+)의 차이가 없고, 또한 회귀분석 결과 부도시의 초과수익률과 부도후 회생여부는 유의한 관계가 없으므로 부도처리시의 주가반응에서 후에 회생하는 기업이 그렇지 않은 기업보다 덜 부정적일 것이다라는 연구가설은 기각된다.등에 대한 평가기준의 재정립이 강구되어야 할 것이다.한 변동성에서 큰 위험프리미엄이라는 연결고리를 거쳐 코리아 디스카운트라는 현상으로 귀착되는 현상에 주목하고 있는 본 연구의 결과가 실무에서 유용하게 사용됨은 물론이요 또한 본 연구의 방법론 자체가 매우 정교하고 포괄적이어서 금융시계열을 포함한 다른 여러 분야에 크게 응용될 수 있는 외부효과도 기대된다.R 효과는 전통적 의미의 일반적으로 낮은 PER종목이 초과수익률을 내는 것이 아니라, 기업규모가 크더라도 그 기업의 개별특성을 고려했을 때 이와 비교해 상대적으로 PER가 낮은 종목에 투자하면 초과수익을 낼 수 있음을 의미한다. 발견하였다.적 일정하게 하는 소비행동을 목표로 삼고 소비와 투자에 대한 의사결정을 내리고 있음이 실증분석을 통하여 밝혀졌다. 투자자들은 무위험 자산과 위험성 자산을 동시에 고려하여 포트폴리오를 구성하는 투자활동을 행동에 옮기고 있다.서, Loser포트폴리오를 매수보유하는 반전거래전략이 Winner포트폴리오를 매수보유하는 계속거래전략보다 적합한 전략임을 알 수 있었다. 다섯째, Loser포트폴리오와 Winner포트폴리오를 각각 투자대상종목으로써 매수보유한 반전거래전략과 계속거래 전략에 대한 유용성을 비교검증한 Loser포트폴리오와 Winner포트폴리오 각각의 1개월 평균초과수익률에 의하면, 반전거래전략의 Loser포트폴리오가 계속거래전략의 Winner포트폴리오보다 약 5배정도의 높은 1개월 평균초과수익률을 실현하였고, 반전거래전략의 유용성을 충분히 발휘하기 위하여 장단기의 투자기간을 설정할 경우에 6개월에서 36개월로 이동함에 따라 6개월부터 24개월까지는 초과수익률이 상승하지만, 이후로는 감소하므로, 반전거래전략을

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.177-199
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• 2015

Commerce enriches human life enriched and within commerce, transportation of cargo is arguably the most important in business transactions. Traditionally, marine transport has been major commercial transaction, but carriage cargo by air is on the increase. While the fare for freight in comparison with that of ocean is higher, air freight has many benefits that justify the higher shipping fee; lower insurance premium, packing charges, inventory control, cost management and especially speed. Therefore, air freight transport is accumulating gradually. An air waybill(AWB) is needed in the air transport flow. It is a nonnegotiable security, so the holder cannot transfer of a right to a third party. Some scholars suggest that a negotiable AWB is needed. However, it seems nearly impossible to do so; an e-AWB use shows a gain in numbers, even if it has not met expectations. Going forward, it would appear reasonable to conduct a follow-up study on the utility and legal problem for e-AWB. After sending goods, the consignor has the right of disposition of cargo in some cases, and more research is necessary, because it is related to change of ownership and a trade settlement. According to WATS (World Airlines Transport Statistics), the Korean Air took third place in international freight in 2014, and fifth in total, domestic and international to great acclaim. However, there is a lack of research supporting the business showing. It is hope that more studies on e-AWB, stoppage in transit, and a risk of outstanding amount, etc. connect to develop Korean air freight industry.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.53-78
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• 2008

Foreign investors who invest in the Korean stock markets are exposed to two kinds of foreign exchange rate risk, the economic exposure and the translation exposure. The former is the foreign exchange rate exposure in return generating process of the assets invested and the latter is the foreign exchange rate exposure in the translation of domestic return into foreign investors' currency. Domestic investors, however, are exposed only to foreign exchange rate exposure in the asset invested. This different situation on foreign exchange rate exposure between foreign investors and domestic investors can induce different response to exchange rate change by investor groups. Previous studies on foreign exchange rate exposure of Korean firms reported that quite a few Korean firms are exposed to foreign exchange risks and suggested to manage the foreign exchange risks. Also, many studies on the market segmentation showed that a market can be practically segmented according to the characteristics of investor groups. These studies support the hypothesis that the Korean stock market can be practically segmented by the foreign investors' attitude to the foreign exchange rate exposure. This study examines the response of both foreign investors and domestic investors to the foreign exchange rate exposures in Korean stock markets. Test results show that foreign investors increase their sell transactions when the foreign exchange rate exposure of the previous day is negative. This result can be possible when foreign investors attempt to actively manage the decrease in value of their assets due to rising of exchange rate. Analysis on the sell order data is also supportive to this interpretation. Foreign investors also increase their buy transactions when the foreign exchange rate exposure of the previous day is negative. This result can be possible when foreign investors use actively the relation between the increase in asset value and the translation gain due to declining of exchange rate. Analyses on buy order data, however, do not show the same result as the analyses on transaction data. This difference may come from the difference of information contained in transaction data and order data. In summary, the result of the paper supports the hypothesis that foreign investors response differently to foreign exchange rate exposure compared with domestic, Korean investors. Two groups do not show different response when exchange rate exposure is positive, i.e., as foreign exchange rate is increase (decrease), the asset value is increase (decrease). However, foreign investors' response is different from that of domestic investors when exchange rate exposure is negative, i.e., as foreign exchange rate is increase (decrease), the asset value is decrease (increase). These results mean that foreign investors and domestic investors are placed in different situations related to foreign exchange rate exposure, and these differences are reflected in the Korean stock markets. And domestic investors need to consider foreign investors' different attitude to the foreign exchange rate exposure when they analysis foreign investors' trading behavior.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.181-208
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• 2010

In July 2007, Korean government has passed "The Capital Market and Financial Investment Services Act" to further develop the capital markets and the Act was to become effective in February 2009. Using a large sample of Korean firms, we have examined (i) the effect of underwriting activities on the firm value (bond spread) comparing commercial bank and investment bank, and (ii) the determinants of the firm value changes following underwriting activities of bank. To test our goal, we collected a wide range of samples of data for bond issuing activities executed by Korean firms listed on the Korea Stock Exchange (KSE) between 2000 and 2003. Our paper is distinguished from previous studies on this subject in a way that we analyzed the effect of corporate bond underwriting activities with regard to commercial banking and investment banking. Initially, we set up a hypothesis that "Certification View" and "Conflict-of-interest View" are major driving forces behind cross-firm differences in performance following bond issuance. We find that, in general, underwriting by investment bank (securities company) brings a positive effect on the firm value (spread between bench mark rate and bond issuing rate). This result indicates that firm value has been negatively affected by the bank underwriting and provides the evidence for "Conflict-of-interest View" in Korea. Our studies have also revealed that any change in firm value following bond issuance is positively related with the firm size (total asset), operating performance, liquidity (cashflow), and equity ownership by foreign investors. Overall, our results support the view that bank underwriting activities can play an important role in determining firm value and financial strategies under "The Capital Market and Financial Investment Services Act" of 2007.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.741-744
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• 2006

The e-commerce introduction at the Internet in base accept the renovation dimension from the organised side because of follow of the business in order to the big change. So when I considering the e-commerce introducing the problem easy to originate from the efficiency and expectation without radical preparation. Each commodities over the dimension of Internet information search it is using the various transaction of service as a matter of bank, securities, education, game that many business on the alternation of e-commerce and commerce tool the essentiality. Therefore the transactions at the Internet e-commerce under hold specific gravity and rule in the future with the propection increase the interest concern about the security skill. A study on this paper presentation through the planning method about the analysis on the objective which e-commerce follow the inflection of efficiency strategy and induction the plan on the penetration's revitalization about Internet e-commerce.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.187-199
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to find out the positive effects of the block chain when applied to the logistics industry and what legal problems should be solved to apply the block chain to the logistics industry. As a result of the study, it was found that the block chain can create the streamlining document work, increasing visibility, improving transaction reliability, activating Internet of things, and expanding smart contract. However, in order to apply the block chain to the logistics industry, have also confirmed that the scope of electronic transactions, international distribution of electronic bill of lading, and legal supplementation related to personal information protection are necessary. It is meaningful to confirm the applicability in the logistics industry, the positive effect and the legal problem, but it is necessary to study the problem from the practical point of view in the hereafter research.