• 제목/요약/키워드: 중재인 자격

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국제중재인의 자격과 양성방안에 관한 연구 (Study on Qualification and Training Plans of the International Arbitrator)

  • 박종삼
    • 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.25-49
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    • 2015
  • That the arbitration will begin with an arbitrator to be done by the arbitrator is not too much to say. The arbitrator shall have a decisive influence on the outcome of an arbitration in any arbitral right to award arbitration. As demonstrated in sayings like "Good arbitration is a good arbitrator" and "Arbitration is as arbitrator", professionalism and fairness are the basis for the arbitration procedure. Parties qualifications and authority of the arbitrator shall be a dispute-resolution process, requiring special attention and special care because the careful review of the arbitration award itself exerts a significant influence on the selection of an arbitrator. Therefore, this paper, first, analyzes the meaning of international arbitrators as a general overview of international arbitrators, qualifications, etc. and looks for focuses of the role. Next, the purpose of this paper is to seek ways to expand trade and international arbitration institutions in international transactions by examining training plans such as for international arbitrators.

중재인의 근로자성과 자격요건 - 영국 대법원의 2011년 Jivraj v Hashwani 판결을 중심으로 - (The Employment Issue and Qualifications for Arbitrators: A Comment on Jivraj v Hashwani [2011] UKSC 40)

  • 김영주
    • 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.29-51
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    • 2016
  • This paper reviews the Supreme Court decision of the United Kingdom in Jivraj v. Hashwani (2011) concerning the employment issue of arbitrators, falling within the exception of genuine occupational requirement under the Employment Equality (Religion or Belief) Regulations 2003, and nationality of arbitrators. In 2011, the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom delivered its judgment in Jivraj v. Hashwani, unanimously overturning decision of the English Court of Appeal. The facts of this case and the decision of the Court of Appeal have been widely discussed. The decision of the Supreme Court has been met with approval within the international arbitration community in London, having restored the legal position to that prior to the Court of Appeal's ruling. Thus, the Supreme Court unanimously overturned the Court of Appeal's finding that arbitrators are the employees of the arbitrating parties. Arbitrators were held to be genuinely self-employed, and therefore outside the scope of the Regulations or Equality Act(2010). As such, the anti-discrimination provisions are not applicable to the selection, engagement or appointment of arbitrators. Most importantly, the Supreme Court's finding that arbitrators are not employees removes the possibility of challenges to arbitration agreements on the grounds that they are in breach of the Equality Act. As a practical matter, parties no longer need to consider carving out nationality provisions when drafting arbitration agreements.

비변호사 중재인 활용의 문제점과 개선방안 (A Study on the Problems and Improvement Plan of Using of Non-Lawyer Arbitrator)

  • 안건형
    • 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.47-64
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    • 2015
  • Pursuant to Article 109(1) of the Attorney-at-Law Act of Korea, a person, not an attorney-at-law, who receives or promises to receive money, articles, entertainment or other benefits or who gives or promises to give those things to a third party, in compensation for providing or mediating legal services, such as examination, representation, arbitration(emphasis added), settlement, solicitation, legal consultation, making of legal documents, etc. shall be punished by imprisonment with prison labor for not more than 7 years or by a fine not exceeding KRW 50 million or may be punished by both and there is no specific provision on qualification of arbitrator except on nationality of an arbitrator in the Arbitration Act of Korea. Then, the question arises, can any non-lawyer arbitrator who receives arbitrator's fees be punished in accordance with the Attorney-at-Law Act in Korea? To search for an answer for this matter, this paper examines the Arbitration Act or the Civil Procedure Code of 33 major countries in the world and explains a research on the participation ratio of non-lawyer arbitrators in all 360 arbitration cases registered in 2012 at the Korean Commercial Arbitration Board (KCAB).

남북상사중재에 있어 중재인 선정방식에 관한 연구 (A Study on Improving a Method of the Appointment of Arbitrators in Inter-Korean Commercial Arbitration)

  • 이주원
    • 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.147-165
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    • 2008
  • Appointment of arbitrators is very important in arbitration. As it has been a long laps since Korean peninsula was devided into two parts, South and North, it has come to be too much gaps between South and North in the law, social system, commercial practice and etc.. South Korea is familar to international commercial practice and capitalistic legal system generalized internationally in modern times. On the other hand as North Korea was closed society for a long time, they are not familar to international commercial practice and market economy. In this connection, commercial disputes arising from the transactions between South and North will occur frequently and it will be very difficult to select governing law or commercial practice referred to the disputes. Under the circumstances, when and if an arbitrator from South or North will be appointed as presiding arbitrator in the tribunal composed by three arbitrators, the part from which the presiding arbitrator come will be a majority, and it will be advantageous to the parties came from the part of which the presiding arbitrator come from. Such being the case, sole arbitrator or presiding arbitrator needs to be appointed among foreigner. Otherwise I recommend the tribunal composed by two arbitrators and umpire system. As to arbitrator's fee, as there is a big gap in its economic aspects between South and North, I supposed to need establishing the fund made by corporation with South and North in order to compensate arbitrators from South or abroad for their fee. Finally it is more important to prevent disputes arising from transactions between South and North. In order to prevent the disputes, education for North Korean about international commercial practice and skill to make a contract of international sale of goods and investment are needed.

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CAS의 결정례로 본 도핑 위반 사건의 법리 (The Jurisprudence on Anti-Doping Rule Violation through Review of CAS Awards)

  • 김현숙
    • 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.77-97
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    • 2018
  • The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) has been adjudicating on sports-related disputes since 1984. CAS can be regarded as world supreme court for sports settling down about 4200 cases including doping issues. Doping disputes are generally processed by CAS Appeals division and Anti-Doping Division. An appeal against the decision by sports-related bodies may be filed with CAS Appeals Division. Doping issues concerning Olympic games are on Anti-Doping Division, introduced from 2016 Olympic games and invested with complete authority by IOC. The Award of Maria Sharapova finds a player is responsible if found to have committed any Anti-Doping Rule Violation regardless of his/her intention or fault. It offers detailed jurisprudence on imposing such a specific period of ineligibility in view of the totality of the circumstances. The award of Xinyi Chen also confirms the Strict Liability Rule on anti-doping disputes. The player appealed there could be either accidental contamination of drinks, or doping laboratories' mistakes that affected the test results. But, all of them were rejected. Though dealing with doping disputes in a timely manner is important for seasonal sports events like Olympic games, it is necessary to prepare the acceptable and fair process for the players in the future.

국내 호스피스·완화의료 환자 대상 음악중재연구 내 중재 제시 방법 및 논거 분석 (An Analysis of the Rationale and Format of Music Intervention Studies With Patients Receiving Hospice or Palliative Care in Korea)

  • 오주은
    • 인간행동과 음악연구
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.1-32
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    • 2023
  • 본 연구에서는 국내 호스피스·완화의료 환자 대상 음악중재연구에 제시된 중재 제시 방법 및 중재에 제시된 논거 분석을 통해 기존의 음악 중재가 연구 참여자의 필요에 맞춘 적절한 논거와 전문성에 의해 구성되었는지를 확인하고 향후 호스피스·완화의료 환자 대상 음악중재연구에 있어 갖춰야 할 전문성과 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 선정 기준에 부합하는 총 27편의 논문을 대상으로 연구의 전반적 특성에 대하여 분석한 후 KCI에 등재(후보)된 학술지 내 게재된 연구 12편을 선정하여 세부 논거 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 중재 제시 방법과 논거 제시 수준이 연구자의 학문적 배경에 따라 상이함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 함께 호스피스·완화의료 환경 내 중재는 연구 수 부족, 전문가, 비전문가의 중재 혼용 제공, 윤리적 고려 부족, 중재 제공자의 전문자격 미보유, 중재 제공자의 전문적 역량 부족, 중재 활동과 음악, 악기 사용에 대한 논거 빈약, 중재자의 전문성 및 유연성 부족 등의 문제가 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과는 음악치료가 호스피스·완화의료 환경 내 전문적 분야로 자리할 수 있도록 연구자들이 전문적 역량을 갖추고 중재 연구 시 활동, 음악, 사용된 악기에 대한 더욱 명확한 논거를 제시하여 치료적 타당성을 갖추어야 하며 근거 기반의 후속 연구가 활발히 이루어져야 함을 시사한다.

조정인 인증제에 관한 국제적 동향 - 미국 및 유럽 국가들을 중심으로 - (A Global Trend on the Accreditation for Mediators - Focused on the U.S. and European Countries -)

  • 이로리
    • 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.121-142
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    • 2017
  • A study on the global trend of accreditation for mediators implies many important aspects of controlling of the quality of mediation. Firstly, whether or not having an accreditation system, most European countries and the U.S. have a common understanding on the fact that mediators need to be trained to mediate disputes, apart from their own expertise on the subject matters. Secondly, private-led accreditation has been utilized in countries having a Anglo-American law system such as the United Kingdom and the U.S. a while nation-managed one has been operated in the countries having a continental law system such as Austria, Belgium, Italy and Germany. Thirdly, private mediation service providers (usually institutions or companies) play an active role in the training and accreditation of mediators and further make them act as mediators in the disputes referred to them. Fourthly, the countries having a nation-managed accreditation system usually stipulate a certain mediation training and accreditation requirement by law. Fifthly, there is no uniform trend on the minimum hours of training required for accrediting the mediators. Sixthly, mediation training generally focuses on the practical mediation capacity-building, including mediation theory and role-playing, mediation simulations, peer review and supervision. And finally, the mediation theory mainly includes the role of mediator, mediation procedures, mediation communication, negotiation and communication skills, mediation ethics and mediator's code of conduct, etc.

분쟁의 소지가 있는 화장품법의 대체적해결방법으로서 ADR제도 -맞춤형화장품조제관리사 자격제도 중심으로- (ADR systems as solutions to reduce disputes of cosmetic law - Focusing on National Qualification System of Customized Cosmetic Preparation Managers -)

  • 김주리
    • 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.137-160
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    • 2021
  • The customized cosmetics preparation management qualification system was implemented in March 2020, and it served to create jobs by developing professionals and vitalizing the cosmetics business. However, various problems such as high examination fees, suitability of questions, and utilization in industries are emerging. This paper attempts to prevent disputes that the system can cause and suggest ways to improve it by researching customized cosmetics, the industry status, and comparing foreign cosmetics laws. There is a kind of opinion that laws should be eased for this industry and the other opinion that expertise is necessary in this field because of safety. The system now has adverse effects due to a failure to adjust the difficulty of the exam. Cosmetics are not prescription-based, so they are routinely used. However, some toxic ingredients can cause side effects if they do not conform with certain standards. Also, it is difficult for a case to lead to lawsuits because most consumer damages related to cosmetics are individual. In addition, as e-commerce develops, there is a growing possibility of seeing more consumer damages. If safety and distribution issues, which experts are concerned about, escalate, the private dispute settlement system (among the ADR systems) should be activated as a resolution method.

감각발달재활사 자격기준 관련 필수과목 개설현황 조사연구 - 4년제 작업치료학과를 중심으로 (Establishment Status of the Mandatory Courses for the Qualification of Sensory Developmental Rehabilitation Specialist - Within Curriculums of Baccalaureate Occupational Therapy Programs)

  • 김지현
    • 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.23-34
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    • 2017
  • 목적 : 국내 4년제 작업치료학과의 감각발달재활사 자격기준 관련 필수과목들의 개설현황을 조사하여, 작업치료사와 관련이 깊은 감각발달재활사 자격관리사업에 대한 대학의 대비 정도를 점검하고 향후 관련하여 교과과정 심의를 준비하거나 표준교과과정을 수립하는데 도움이 되는 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 전국의 4년제 작업치료학과 32개교의 교과과정 정보를 수집하여 감각발달재활사 자격기준 관련 필수과목들의 개설현황을 파악하고 분석한 서술적 조사연구이다. 결과 : 첫째, 공통필수 과목인 '장애아동의 이해' 개설학교는 9개교(28%)였고, 전공필수 과목의 경우 '신경과학/신경해부학'은 32개교 전부에, '감각처리장애와 중재/감각통합치료학'은 31개교(97%)에, '아동검사 및 평가'와 '감각재활현장실습'은 각각 동일하게 7개교(22%)에 개설되어 있었다. 둘째, 유사과목을 포함한 경우, '신경과학'과 '감각처리장애와 중재'와 '아동검사 및 평가'는 32개교(100%) 전체에 개설되어 있었으나, 실습교과의 유사과목은 발견되지 않았다. 셋째, 전국 4년제 작업치료학과의 감각발달재활사 자격관리사업에 대한 대비도 점수의 경우, 7점에 해당하는 대학은 4개교, 6점은 4개교, 5점은 2개교, 4점은 1개교, 3점은 2개교, 2점에 해당하는 대학은 19개교였다. 결론 : 감각발달재활사 자격기준 전공필수 교과들의 경우 실습을 제외한 다른 3 과목은 유사과목을 포함하여 전국 4년제 작업치료학과 32개교에 전부 개설되어있어 전문성 측면의 대비는 잘 되어있는 편이지만, 공통필수인 '장애아동의 이해'와 실습교과인 '감각재활현장실습'의 개설현황은 상대적으로 매우 저조한 현황이다. 상당수의 대학들이 발달재활서비스 자격관리사업에 대한 대비를 시작한 것으로 보이지만, 교과과정 상에 보다 적극적인 의지와 정확성이 반영될 필요가 있는 것으로 사료된다. 감각발달재활사 양성을 염두에 두고 있는 대학에서는 공통필수 교과와 필수 실습교과의 개설을 우선적으로 고려하고, 더불어 감각발달재활사 기준 지정명칭의 과목을 개설하고 제시되어 있는 교수요목을 고려하여 과목을 운영할 것을 제안하는 바이다.

중재인에 대한 기피 (Challenge of Arbitrators)

  • 정선주
    • 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.33-55
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    • 2007
  • Parties to national or international disputes use arbitration because they think it is faster than litigation or affords privacy. But it is very important for the parties that the decision of arbitrators is made impartially and independently. For the parties to accept the outcome of an arbitration, it is essential that the final outcome be the result of an impartial process, especially because arbitration is a form of adjudication, albeit a private one. The success of arbitration resides in the conduct of arbitrators. The more independent and impartial arbitrators are, the more trustworthy arbitration will be. Just as court procedures allow for the recusal of judges under certain circumstances, the arbitral process provides means to remove arbitrators from a tribunal if arbitrator can no longer be considered impartial or independent. This is blown as the disqualification or challenge of arbitrators. An arbitrator can also be challenged when he or she does not fulfill the contactually agreed and stipulated qualifications required by the arbitral agreement. An arbitrator's inability to act impartially could give rise to a challenge to the arbitrator, and even to the award. However, deciding whether an interest or relationship could give rise to an apprehension of bias is a difficult issue for every arbitrator. The standard of arbitrator's impartiality and independence is not commensurable to that of judge, because the parties are permitted considerable autonomy in selecting arbitrators. Particularly it may be expected for the party-appointed arbitrator to act as the advocate of the party in the deliberations of the tribunal. Doubts that could give rise to a challenge to the arbitrator should be justifiable. That is the case if a reasonable, informed third party would conclude that the arbitrator's decision making might be influenced by factors other than evidence presented by the parties. Consequently, for example, the mere fact that an arbitrator was to work in the same firm as one of the parties' counsel, this could not automatically be considered as grounds for challenge for lack of impartiality.

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