• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to classify risk groups according to Caries Risk Assessment (CRA) and to investigate the effect of caries prevention program after 1 year of caries prevention intervention program in 6-year-old infants with high caries risk. The subjects were selected based on responses to CRA questionnaires. At the first visit, oral examination, Cariview, bacteria and saliva flow test were performed. The caries risk group was classified accordingly. The subjects were given fluoride application and oral health education every four months and evaluated the same as the first visit after 1 year. As a result of classifying the risk level according to CRA, more than 80% of the subjects were in the high or extreme high risk. The dft index was increased in all risk groups after the intervention. There was a significant difference between the before and after intervention (p<0.05). The Cariview score showed a slight decrease after the intervention in the moderate and high risk groups. As a result of the evaluation of bacteria test, Streptococcus mutans were decreased to ${\geq}10^5CFU/ml$ saliva after intervention in all groups. Lactobacilli were decreased after intervention in high risk and extreme high risk groups. As a result of saliva flow, there was significant difference between caries risk groups before and after intervention (p<0.05). In conclusion, regular caries management has been shown to influence caries risk factors in high-caries risk children. Also, it is necessary to find out periodical dental risk management system which is suitable for domestic situation through the related studies.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.105-118
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• 1985

This study was carried out to investigate the epidermal structure and types of stomata on the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves in six species and one variety belonging to Korean Crassulaceae. The shape of epidermal cells was polygonal, isodiametric, or elongated. The cell wall was thick, sinuous or deeply sinuous. The subsidiary cell wall was thin or mostly arched. The cytolith-containing cells were found in Orostachys japonicus. The distribution of stomata was more on the upper surface than on the lower surface in the leaves of O. japonicus and Sedum sarmentosum. The stomata in the other species were less on the upper surface than on the lower surface, and stomatal size was different in each species. The great majority of stomatal types was the helico-eumesogenous type. This type was subdivided into two, parahelico-eumesogenous type and diahelico-eumesogenous type by us on the basis of the angle of division of guard mother cell and the long axis of the last-formed subsidiary cells. Sometimes allelo-eumesogenous type as well as aniso-eumesogenous type was found. The tetra-eumesogenous type with four mesogenous subsidiary cells was rarely observed. It was observed that the varieties of aniso-eumesogenous type with one to three subsidiary cells and one helix of subsidiary cells were developed by the secondary division of subsidiary cells of aniso-eumesogenous stoma. The compound shape of helico-eumesogenous stomata was found. Five new kinds of stomatal types were observed as follows; the helico-tetra-eumesogenous type, the coallelohelico-eumesogenous type, the cohelico-allelo-eumesogenous type, the duplotetra-eumesogenous type, and the aniso-euperigenous type. These types were reported here in the vascular plants for the first time.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.284-295
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• 2018

The safe and late marginal heading dates (SMHD, LMHD), cropping probability, and growth duration of rice were assessed using temperature data in the 27 regions of North Korea. The medians of SMHD and LMHD ranged Jul. 16 and Jul. 27 in Hyesan to Aug. 18 and Aug. 28 in Haeju, respectively, except Changjin, Pungsan, and Samjiyon that did not show any of the SMHD and LMHD. The medians of the days from early marginal transplanting date (EMTD) to heading date ranged 51 days in Hyesan to 109 days in Pyongyang for SMHD and those were delayed by 9~15 days for LMHD, compared to SMHD. Nineteen regions (Kaesong, Haeju, Yongyon, Singye, Sariwon, Nampo, Pyongyang, Anju, Kusong, Sinuiju, Changjon, Wonsan, Hamhung, Pyonggang, Yangdok, Huichon, Supung, Sinpo, Kanggye) and additional four regions (Kimchaek, Chongjin, Sonbong, Chunggang) had the rice cropping probability higher than 80% when analyzed based on the SMHD and LMHD, respectively. The representative SMHD ranged Jul. 24 for Pyonggang to Aug. 12 for Haeju. Compared to the days from EMTD to SMHD, those from EMTD to LMHD were delayed by 9~17 days. When applied SMHD, thirteen regions (Yangdok, Kanggye, Huichon, Supung, Yongyon, Kusong, Anju, Sinuiju, Singye, Pyongyang, Kaesong, Nampo, Sariwon) had the appropriate range of cumulative temperature during grain filling (CT) for grain yield and quality. Sinpo, Hamhung, Pyonggang, Wonsan, Changjon, and Haeju had the CT higher than $1,300^{\circ}C$. It is supposed that rice cropping could be extended to the regions where LMHD-applied cropping probability was higher than 80%. Delaying the heading date than SMHD could be also considered in the regions where the days to SMHD is small but CT is large.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.37-42
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• 2007

이 연구는 u-City의 성공적 조성을 위해 u-서비스 공급자 측면과 수요자 측면의 요구를 충족할 수 있는 u-서비스 우선순위 선정에 관한 체계적 연구의 필요성에서 시작되었다. u-서비스 우선순위 모형개발을 위해 선행 연구를 토대로 수요자와 공급자의 서비스 결정 요인을 탐색적으로 도출하고, 전문가와의 브레인스토밍을 통해 u-서비스 결정의 확정적 요인을 도출하였다. 도출된 요인들을 계층분석(AHP)모형으로 설정하고, 1차 전문가 설문조사를 통해 요인별 가중치와 우선순위를 도출함으로써 공급자와 수요자를 고려한 u-서비스 우선순위 선정 모형을 제시하였다. 개발된 모형을 바탕으로 2차 전문가 설문조사를 통해 u-지역정보화에서 제시한 대구지역의 특화서비스를 평가하였다. 평가 결과 대구지역은 지역물류 지원서비스, 시각장애인 길안내 서비스, u-텔레매틱스 서비스가 상위권을 차지한 반면, u-지역정보화에서 제시한 안전방재지원서비스와 산업특화거리 등의 서비스는 중위권을 차지하고 있어 공급자 위주의 u-서비스 선정과는 차별성을 보였다. 개발된 u-서비스 우선순위선정 모형은 u-서비스 제공 및 사용의도에 기반한 모형으로 u-서비스 우선순위 선정을 체계적으로 지원할 수 있어 향후 성공적 u-City 조성에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.85-90
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• 2001

대기복사모델인 MODRAN를 이용해 다목적실용위성 2호 탑재체인 Multispectral Camera (MSC)의 총복사량에 대한 계산을 수행하고 그 결과를 분석해 보았다. 모델계산은 4계절 조건을 모의실험하기 위해 1월 15일, 4월 15일, 7월 15일과 10월 15일에 대해 중위고 동절기 및 하절기, 그리고 US 표준대기를 사용했다. 다목적실용위성 2호 궤도 조건과 각 계절에 대한 대표적인 태양천정각 (solar zenith angle)을 이용하였다. 사정거리는 대류권 에어로솔 소광계수 (tropospheric aerosol extinction)에 해당하는 50 km를 사용하고 지표의 알비도는 맑은 날 지구 연평균 값에 해당하는 0.135가 사용되었다. 위 4개월 평균치로써 연평균 총복사량은 MSC 계약서에 명시된 값들과 상당한 차이를 보였고 심지어 파장에 따른 경향조차도 서로 다름을 알 수 있었다. 가시광선 대역에서 근적외선 대역으로 파장이 증가함에 따라 두 값의 차이가 커짐을 보였다.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.29-64
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• 2013

This paper documents the recent changes in wage density and decomposes them. Middle group is found to have shrunk, one-third of which reflects the changes in worker composition. The rest mostly reflects insufficient supply response to the rising skill demand within jobs. The pattern is more pronounced among manufacturing, large and unionized firms, and production workers.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.109-112
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• 2012

A turret exostosis was known a smooth, dome-shaped extracortical collection of subperiosteal bone beneath the extensor apparatus. In most cases, turret exostosis involve middle and distal phalanges compared with involving metacarpal cases have been rarely reported in the literature.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.67-68
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• 2001

우리 나라가 위치한 동북아 지역은 급속한 산업 및 경제활동 증가로 세계의 주요 오염 지역으로 대두되고 있다. 특히, 중위도 편서풍대 위치한 우리 나라는 주로 3월과 4월 황사의 영향을 받고 있다. 사막에서 발생한 모래먼지는 시정을 악화시키며 이들 중 미세한 입자(0.1~10$\mu\textrm{m}$)는 산란과 흡수를 통하여 대기의 복사평형과 기후변화에 커다란 영향을 미칠 수 있다(Carlson, 1980; Duce,1980; Shaw,1980). 이러한 현상은 주로 대기 중의 미세 입자의 광산란에 기인되는 것으로 도시 지역의 에어로졸의 분포 및 화학적인 성분과 밀접한 관계를 가진다. (중략)

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 1983

탄산가스 아아크 용접법은 다른 용접법에 비해 전자세 용접의 기능, 용접능률의 우수성, 생산적인 측면에서의 뛰어난 경제성으로 인해 중공업 분야에서 그 적용 추세가 증가일로에 있다. 당사( 현대중공업)에서는 1981년에 탄산가스 아아크 용접법이 현장 구조물 시공에 최초로 적용된 이래 꾸준히 증가하여 보편적으로 시용되는 용접법 중위 하나가 되었다. 탄산가스 아아크 용접법의 여러 가지 장점을 적극적으로 이용하기 위해서는 탄산가스 아아크 용접시 발생하는 결함의 원 인을 분석하여 결함을 최소화하는 대책이 강구되어야 한다. 탄산가스 아아크 용접시 발생하는 결함의 빈도를 조사하여, 빈도수가 많은 결함의 원인을 분석하고 그 방지대책을 세우는데 본고의 목적이 있다.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.679-687
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the job stress and psychosocial stress of dental hygienists and risk factors related to psychosocial stress. The subjects in this study were 349 dental hygienists in dental hospitals and clinics located in Jeonbuk Province. A self-administered survey was conducted, and the collected data were analyzed. The findings of the study were as follows: The median of their total scores in job stress was 46.0, and the average of psychosocial stress scores was 23.67. As a result of analyzing their demographic characteristics and psychosocial stress, many of the respondents who were younger, who had less working experience and who drank once or twice a week belonged to the high-risk group of psychosocial stress (p<0.05). Concerning the relationship between job stress and psychosocial stress, many of the respondents who suffered from heavier job stress belonged to the high-risk group of psychosocial stress (p<0.05). The group whose occupational climate was less stressful was 3.6-fold more likely to belong to the high-risk group of psychosocial stress than the other whose workpalce culture was more stressful before the correction of the data, and the former was 3.4-fold more likely to do that than the latter after that. The group whose total score in workplace stress was higher was 2.3-fold more likely to belong to the high-risk group of psychosocial stress than the other whose workplace stress was lower before the correction of the data, and the former was 2.7-fold more likely to do that than the latter after that. Given the findings of the study, the development of job stress management programs is required, and everybody should make sustained self-management efforts to relieve their own stress and try to get rid of it in their own way.