• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.188-193
• /
• 1999

Transport of pollutants in aquifer largely depends on groundwater flow which is governed by aquifer hydraulic parameters. Determination of these parameters and associated groundwater modeling become essential for adequate remediation of contaminate groundwater. The objective of this paper is to analyze groundwater flow and determine the optimum hydraulic parameters by performing groundwater modeling based on sensitivity analysis for unconfined sandy gavel aquifer constructed in a laboratory scale under various boundary condition. Results revealed that the simulated drawdown was lower than the observed drawdown irrespective of boundary conditions. and specific yield (S$_{y}$) had less effect on the grondwater flow than permeability (K) in the aquifer. Water balance analysis showed that the measured drawdown in neighboring observation wells during pumping was higher than either simulated or recovered water table. The indicated that a difference might exist in the water tables between aquifer and wells. The difference was investigated by time domain reflectometry (TDR) measurements on water contents in the region of water table and capillary fringe, and explained by a delayed response of water table during gravitational drainage as the water table was lowered as a result of pumping.g.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.599-609
• /
• 2009

This paper discusses generalized modeling schemes for both reinforced concrete (RC) and post-tensioned (PT) flat plate buildings. In this modeling approach, nonlinear behavior due to slab flexure, moment and shear transfer at slab-column connections, and punching shear was included along with linear secant stiffness of each member or connection that accounts for concrete cracking. This generalized model was capable of simulating all different scenarios of slab-column connection failures such as brittle punching, flexure-shear interactive failure, and flexural failure followed by drift-induced punching. Furthermore, automatic detection of drift-induced punching shear and subsequent backbone curve modifications were realistically modelled by incorporating the limit state model, in which gravity shear versus drift capacity relations were adopted. The validation of the model was conducted using one-third scale two-story by two-bay RC and PT flat plate frames. The comparisons revealed that the model was robust and effective.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
• /
• v.35S no.10
• /
• pp.64-76
• /
• 1998

In this paper, we propose the dynamic modeling, path planning and tracking algorithms of 4-wheeled 2-d.o.f.(degree of freedom) mobile robot(WMR). The gaussian functions are applied to design the smooth path of WMR. To calculate the WMR position in real time, we use three components of inertial measurement units(IMU). These units have initial error because of the rotation rate of earth, gravity acceleration and so on. Therefore we derive the initial error model of IMU, and compare the fitness diagnosis about probability characteristics of real data adn estimated data. The performance of IMU with error model and Kalman filter is compared to that without filter and error model. The simulation results show that the proposed dynamic model, path planning and tracking algorithms are more useful than the conventional control algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2003

Marine sediment capping is a technique where clean sand is placed over contaminated sediment to reduce the migration of contaminants to the environment. The design of in-situ caps placed over marine sediment must take into consideration the self-weight consolidation of the cap and the consolidation of the sediment as a result of adding the cap layer. Centrifuge tests were adopted to simulate the effects of consolidation settlement of capped marine sediment caused by the placement of a clean sand layer. The modeling of models technique was utilized to verify the correct modeling procedures used in this study. Two centrifuge tests were conducted with the same boundary conditions at different gravitational accelerations of 100 g and 50 g. There was good agreement between these tests. It can be concluded that the centrifuge experiment is able to model consolidation settlement of capped marine sediment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.283-292
• /
• 2009

Considering an integral equation governing the motion of unfolding fin, an algebraic equation was acquired to get estimated minimum deployment energy required for the successful fin unfolding under the given wind condition. To complete the integration of moment, some approximations had to be introduced particularly to frictional moment and aerodynamic damping for which deployment angular speed of the unfolding fin was modelled as a function of deployment angle only with assumed profile using expected maximum angular speed. Technique for the estimation of the minimum required deployment energy was finalized by introducing the ideal deployment angular speed representing work done by the fin unfolding device alone during fin unfolding and was confirmed by comparing results from simulation with various aerodynamic conditions and profiles of the hinge torque.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.35-43
• /
• 2022

Precise modeling and analysis of closed bomb test(CBT) combustion using solid propellants was performed. The fluid structure interaction(FSI) method was implemented to analyze the gas and solid phases at the same time. The Eulerian analysis method was applied for the gas phase and grain combustion, and the Lagrangian analysis method was implemented for the grain movement. The interaction between the solid phase grains and the combustion gas was fully coupled through the source term. The volume of fluid(VOF) method was used to simulate the burning distance of the grain and the movement of the combustion surface. The force acting on the grain was comprised of the pressure and gravity acting on the grain burning surface, and the grain burning rate and grain movement speed were considered in the velocity term of the VOF. The combustion analysis was performed for both one and three grains, and fairly compared with the experiments. The acoustic field during grain combustion due to pressure fluctuations was also analyzed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.2033-2037
• /
• 2009

호소내의 흐름은 중력의 영향을 받는 하천의 흐름과는 달리 열수지에 의한 밀도류 및 바람 등에 영향을 크게 받아 특유의 유동특성을 나타낸다. 본 연구에서는 EFDC(Environmental fluid Dynamics Code, 미국 버지니아 해양연구소 개발) 모델을 이용하여 호소 내 수치모의를 실시하였다. 복잡한 지형을 형성하고 있는 호수 내의 유동특성의 정밀도를 향상시키기 위해서는, 흐름특성을 고려한 grid작성이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 1:3000, 1:5000 축척의 수치지도를 이용하여 장흥호의 하상단면 값을 추정하였으며, GIS를 이용하여 (${\Delta}x$, ${\Delta}y$)=100m로 DEM을 생성하였다. 그리고 구성된 DEM값을 이용하여 정밀도가 높은 최종 Cartesian grid(active cell=706)를 구축하였다. EFDC를 이용한 장흥호의 수치모의 결과 호수내의 흐름은 수면을 통한 열 교환에 의한 수온 밀도류를 형성하고 있으며, 수온성층의 형성과 파괴가 호수 흐름을 형성하는 큰 인자로 작용한다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고, 호에 유입되는 하천부분에서는 유입되는 수온에 따라 흐름특성이 변하며, 유입수온에 따라 호수 내 관입위치가 변하여 표면흐름, 내부흐름, 저부흐름 등의 흐름특성을 보인다 이상과 같이, 호수내의 흐름특성을 열수지, 외력에 의해서 크게 변동하며 해석대상역의 지역특성을 반영한 수리현상의 정확한 재현 없이는, 이 유동해석결과를 입력치로 하는 수질모델링 결과는 신뢰도에 심각한 문제를 발생시킨다고 할 수 있다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
• /
• 2010.04a
• /
• pp.28.2-28.2
• /
• 2010

영상레이더 위성으로부터 획득된 SAR 영상의 상대적/절대적 방사(radiometric) 정밀도를 만족시키기 위해서는 궤도상에서 검보정을 수행하여야 한다. 일반적으로 상대 방사 정밀도의 보정을 위해서는 아마존 일대와 같이 일정한 지표 반사도를 지니는 넓은 지역을 촬영함으로써, 지상에서 모델링된 안테나 패턴의 이상 유무를 검증한다. 절대 방사 정밀도를 결정하기 위해서는 보정계수(calibration constant)를 구해야 하는데, 이를 위해서 RCS(radar cross section) 값이 기 알려져 있는 지상의 CR(corner reflector)를 관측해야 한다. 대부분의 SAR 위성의 경우, 각 입사각별로 여러 개의 빔(beam)이 독립적으로 운용되고, 위성의 경로가 각 pass 사이 거의 일정한 간격을 가지기 때문에, 지상의 CR들에 대한 빔의 접근성이 상당히 제약을 많이 받게 된다. 즉, 개별 빔이 촬영할 수 있는 CR의 개수 및 동일 CR에 대한 촬영 빈번도가 많이 작을 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 특히, CR이 빔폭의 중심에서 관측되어야 하는 요구사항이 추가로 반영될 경우 그 빈도수는 더욱더 영향을 받게된다. 이 연구에서는 고도 550 km, 28일의 지상반복주기(repeat ground track)를 가지는 여명 궤도(dawn-dusk orbit)를 가정하고, 각 빔별로 그 빔에 할당된 하나의 CR만을 촬영해야 된다는 조건하에, 빔 접근성의 요구사항을 최대로 만족시킬 수 있는 CR의 좌표들을 구하였다. 동시에, J2항만을 고려한 이상적 28일 지상반복궤도를 적용한 경우와 모든 중력섭동항을 적용한 최적궤도를 적용한 경우를 비교하여, 실질적 검보정 일정을 수립하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.365-371
• /
• 2016

In the case of the superstructure which is consist of two I girders and slab, the section can behave as II section, so that the neutral axis with respect to out of plane direction flexure can be regarded as major axis. Therefore in-plane flexural mode might govern the free vibration mode. Meanwhile, horizontally curved girders always experience not only bending moments but also torsional moments although the primary load is usually supposed to be gravitational load. The interaction due to bending and torsional moments make the behavior complicated and torsional mode may govern the free vibration mode. In other words, structure can have different dynamic characteristic due to its initial curvature. In this research, using 3-dimensional sell elements, free-vibration analyses are carried out due to initial curvature. The analysis models are assumed to be composite and non-composite and finally natural frequency and eigen mode are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.18-24
• /
• 2000

A two-dimensional numerical method for inviscid two-fluid flows with a significant entrainment into both directions is established, and the oil leakage from a non-pressurized underwater pipe is studied. The interface between two fluids is modeled at a vortex sheet. The flow field and the subsequent interface evolution are solved by using the vortex-in-cell method. For longer flow simulation with a realistic two fluids interaction, an efficient merging scheme is introduced. In the Boussinesq limit, the speed of the external fluid intrusion into the pipe is very close to the existing mathematical models, and the lock exchange is observed in spite of a significant roll-up of the interface and entrainments. It is believed that the developed method can be utilized effectively for further detailed studies on various two-fluid flows which are encountered in many different marine oil spill problems.