• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2017

The dried root of Angelica species is used in traditional Chinese medicine in East Asia, particularly in Korea, China and Japan. Since the plant origin differs in these countries, they are often misused or adulterated in the commercial markets, resulting in distrust among the consumers. Enormous efforts have therefore been focused to distinguish the origin for the Angelica genus, by using morphological or cytogenetical analyses, and chemical markers based on biochemical analyses of secondary metabolites. DNA is considerably stable against different cultivation conditions, and to treatment and processing after harvesting of plants. Hence, several researches have been filed for the development of molecular markers, based on the single nucleotide polymorphisms in specific regions of DNA. However, there are several obstacles for application in the commercial markets, concerning the reproducibility, accuracy, sensitivity, and rapidity of these tests. In this review, we summarize the research achievements that help classify the origin of Angelica species, in particular, Angelica gigas Nakai. A. sinensis(oliv.) Diels, A. acutiloba Kitag., and A. acutiloba var. sugiyamae Hikino. Further researches are required for practical applications.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.796-806
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• 2014

The key for the commercial deployment of IGCC power plants or chemical (methanol, dimethyl ether, etc.) production plants based on coal gasification is their economic advantage over plants producing electricity or chemicals from crude oil or natural gas. The better economy of coal gasification based plants can be obtained by co-production of electricity and chemicals. In this study, we carried out the economic feasibility analysis on the process of co-producing electricity and DME (dimethyl ether) using coal gasification. The plant's capacity was 250 MW electric and DME production of 300,000 ton per year. Assuming that the sales price of DME is 500,000 won/ton, the production cost of electricity is in the range of 33~58% of 150.69 won/kwh which is the average of SMP (system marginal price) in 2013, Korea. At present, the sales price of DME in China is approximately 900,000 won/ton. Therefore, there are more potential for lowering the price of co-produced electricity when comparing that from IGCC only. Since the co-production system can not only use the coal gasifier and the gas purification process as a common facility but also can control production rates of electricity and DME depending on the market demand, the production cost of electricity and DME can be significantly reduced compared to the process of producing electricity or DME separately.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.142-148
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• 2008

We conducted this analysis to make consumers have useful information about consumed foods on the market by investigating the additives contained in food. Korean food additive code (2007) allowed 634 kinds of food additives to be used in domestic products. The food additives consisted of 426 kinds of synthetic additives, 201 kinds of natural additives and 7 kinds of mixture additives. We purchased total 117 kinds of samples; 94 items including sorts of nuts, vegetables and dried fishery products from local markets and discount marts, and 23 kinds of traditional liquors from March to November, 2007, and we researched for various food additives like artificial sweetener, tar pigments and sulfur dioxide. We detected 11.5 to 4,452.3 mg/kg of sulfur dioxide in 18 out of 94 samples except liquors, finding out some artificial sweetener of sodium saccharin in 2 out of 23 liquors, however, no tar pigments were detected from all of the samples. We found out that 2 cases of shredded jujube from china (2476.6 and 4,452.3 mg/kg) proved to exceed regulatory guidance (2000 mg/kg) in sulfur dioxide. Also, we found out that one dried cherry tomato from china contained 88.9 mg/kg and one domestic dried pumpkin 1653.7 mg/kg of sulfur dioxide which should not be detected in vegetables. In traditional liquors, 2 items out of all samples contained 0.4 and 11.1 mg/kg of sodium saccharin which is strictly prohibited to use in liquors.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.11-27
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• 2019

The second venture "boom" diffusion strategy can be confirmed to be focused only on financing investment and finance, including achieving 5 trillion won annually in new venture investments, creating 20 unicorns, activating M&As and creating dynamic recovery markets. Of course, existing studies show that the fund is a very important policy for corporate growth, but various policy support will be needed to effectively scale up. To overcome these limitations, the scale-up support policies already in operation are analyzed by introducing scale-up policies in advanced countries such as the U.S. and Britain. It also aims to analyze domestic scale-up policies to draw up implications for establishing more effective scale-up policies. Academically, we are very lacking in research on scale-up at home and abroad, and we propose suggestions through this comparative study of policy cases to contribute to the promotion of various studies related to the scalability aspects of future research topics related to scale-up.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.589-597
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• 2012

Recently, an understanding of new sources of liquid hydrocarbons such as bioethanol is economically very important. Bioethanol is actually ethyl alcohol or also referred to as ethanol, identical to drinking alcohol by its composition. There are mainly two ways of producing ethanol, namely by synthesis of hydrocarbons and from biomass. Only the second approach deserves the terminology 'bioethanol'. The present dissertation is also designed with purpose of developing the energy-saving process for the separation of bioethanol. The world population is expected to grow past 8 billion by 2030 which are almost 60% in Asia Pacific. History has shown that energy use rises much faster than population expands. World wide demand for energy will increase significantly during the next 15 years driven by population growth and the transition of emerging markets into the global economy. In developing nations, a smaller increment in GDP per capita yields a higher increment in energy consumption compared to developed countries. In this study, we analised total 2,454 dissertations for the bioethanol during the 2001~2012 periods by the programs of 'web of science' and 'recently developped program by Korea Institute of Science Technology Information'.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.103-121
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to provide basic information to improve competitiveness of Korean fashion brands in the Chinese fashion market by taking photos of street styles in Seoul that is the hub of Korean fashion and in Dalian, the northeastern district where Korean fashion brands are launched as a test market China to compare and analyze the clothing colors preferred mostly by young women in their twenties and thirties who have the highest purchasing power. The study methods used literature review and empirical study simultaneously. Dalian and Seoul are two fashion cities in northeast of China and Korea where street fashion was photographed. Clothing colors that were mainly worn by young women in their twenties and thirties were qualitatively analyzed using the photos taken. Color analysis was based on the Munsell Color Order System to grasp general preferences of colors on the basis of previous researches, and color tones were based on the ISCC-NBS System. In order to grasp the basic materials on Seoul, the Korean fashion city and Dalian, the northeastern fashion city in China, street fashion styles of 2010/11 F/W season were compared and analyzed. As a result, black and deep tone PB color appeared most frequently. The vivid and strong tone of R, YR, Y color showed high frequency of clothing colors. For the top wear, women in both areas preferred similar tones in the YR color category and Dalian women preferred vivider and brighter S tones in the R color category. For the bottom wear, women in both areas highly preferred achromatic colors and colors in the PB color category. For bags, women in both areas preferred black and colors in the YR color category. Finally, for the shoes, while women in both areas preferred black in the achromatic color category, they showed different color preferences in the chromatic color category. R color categories were preferred by the women in Seoul and the YR color categories were preferred by the women in Dalian. Conclusively, women in both cities highly preferred achromatic colors especially black for the top and bottom wear, bags, and shoes. It may reflect their desire to look refined and slender through colors. Moreover, continuous and steady research on fashion trends in Seoul and Dalian may have positive effects on Korean fashion businesses that plan to be launched in China, the area of competition for global brands.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2011

Today, the name of Changjiang (Yangtze) Delta Region is used to designate an economic region which consists of sixteen cities including Shanghai City. The region has achieved the highest rate of economic growth in the world as well as in China since China its opened its toward the world market. The aim of this study is to examine the modern transition of spatial structure in the region after the opening (1978) and the membership of WTO (2000). In the examination, the study divides the spatial structure into three aspects: industrialization, urbanization and economic integration. The outcome of examination suggests that spatial division of industry, horizontally and vertically, has not reached a satisfactory level even if it is still in progress. The study proposes that the intervention of government in the market and company activity has hindered the spatial division of industry including service sector between the cities, and thus the economic integration. It further suggests that the specialization of urban function has not entered into the maturing stage, with the shortage of mid-size cities that would mediate spatial-economically between the large-size cities and the small-size cities in the urban hierarchy.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.965-982
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• 2011

Currently, dependency of natural and energy resources on world economy may not be more serious than any before increasing the uncertainty of Korea's national economy, especially as China uses unexpectedly fast glowing portion of world resources. Due to insufficient natural resources and unmatured renewable energy system, it is very important for Korea to secure the energy sources not only for national prosperity but also security for the future. In this regard, importance and necessity of nuclear energy as a major electric power source in Korea are in need to be emphasized. Korea currently imports all the necessary enriched uranium for fabrication of nuclear fuel from abroad. Thus, it is extremely important to establish a secured supply system for enriched uranium regardless of the global political unstability as well as economic fluctuation. In order to build the nuclear fuel procurement system, it is required to analyze the global market status, current enrichment service systems, and the future technology under development. For this purpose, this study comparatively analyzes the laser based advanced technology for uranium enrichment under development in the United States, which is assumed to be 2~3 times more economically viable than currently available technologies.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.25-44
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• 2014

This study analyzed technological competitiveness of five major countries by using patent information that is typical intellectual property. Technological activity, patent competitiveness, market securement and patent concentration were designed as evaluation items for the technological competitiveness analysis, and the number of patent applications, family patents and triad patent families, and the paten concentration index were reflected as evaluation factors to be scored. For technologies to be analyzed, it referred to the energy harvesting technologies selected as 500 future technologies in the future technologic white paper 2013 published by KISTI. They were classified into technologies using thermoelectric, piezoelectric and photovoltaic elements, which are main detailed technologies of the energy harvesting technology, to investigate and analyze patent information for each detailed technology to understand their technological competitiveness. As a result, the United States ranked top with 75 and 70 points in the technology using thermoelectric and piezoelectric elements respectively, and Japan ranked top with 90 points in the energy harvesting technology using photovoltaic elements. It was analyzed that Korea held the second rank in the field using piezoelectric and photovoltaic elements, and the fifth in the technology using thermoelectric elements.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.572-578
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• 2020

The stock market is affected by unexpected factors, such as politics, society, and natural disasters, as well as by corporate performance and economic conditions. In recent days, artificial intelligence has become popular, and many researchers have tried to conduct experiments with that. Our study proposes an experiment using not only stock-related data but also other various economic data. We acquired a year's worth of data on stock prices, the percentage of foreigners, interest rates, and exchange rates, and combined them in various ways. Thus, our input data became diversified, and we put the combined input data into a nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) model. With the input data in the NARX model, we analyze and compare them to the original data. As a result, the model exhibits a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.08 as being the most accurate when we set 10 neurons and two delays with a combination of stock prices and exchange rates from the U.S., China, Europe, and Japan. This study is meaningful in that the exchange rate has the greatest influence on stock prices, lowering the error from RMSE 0.589 when only closing data are used.