• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.205-214
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• 2004

The intent of this study is to investigate the current situations and planning implications of elementary schools in urban housing blocks, and to propose the planning and design guidelines for them. The premise of this research is that an elementary school should function as a communal facility, shared by its community, so called open-school. 32 schools in three new towns were selected as sample cases and they were closely surveyed in terms of their site planning issues in residential blocks, and three sample open-elementary schools were analyzed in a comparative manner for finding their roles and functional fulfillment as a communal facility in the neighborhoods. Based on the findings, several planning principles and design techniques or devices are suggested for the utilization of elementary schools by local residents, mainly making issues of location, relationship to other facilities and open spaces in residential blocks, access, apartment layout, school building and outdoor spaces, and open program.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2013

The residential environment of old and deteriorated public rental housing has been improved for preventing house deterioration through the facility improvement projects during the recent three years. The purpose of this study is to check the effect of applied facility improvement projects through a survey to residents on the significance degree of improving the residential environment and the satisfaction degree of current residential environment. Moreover, this study aims to draw out the direction of the residential environment improvement. At first, for this purpose, a survey to the residents of old and deteriorated public rental housing in the country was conducted. In addition, the mean value analysis on the satisfaction degree and significance degree was done, and the factor analysis was conducted for the distinction between types of items. As a result, 29 items of residential public space for residential environment improvement were divided into six factors and 28 items for generation of each units were divided into four factors. The mean value of the satisfaction degree and significance degree was compared. In conclusion, the design direction of environment improvement projects in the future was suggested with the result of the survey.

• The magazine of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.38-52
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• 2014

도시주민생활에 없어서는 안 될 주요한 사회간접자본시설인 하수도, 하수도처리시설 등의 콘크리트 구조물에 대한 부식열화는 현재 세계 각국에서 급속히 진행되고 있다. 콘크리트 구조물은 반영구적인 것으로 인식하고 있다. 그러나 각종 열화 인자에 의해 구조물의 사용수명은 급속히 단축된다. 하수시설 내에서는 황산이외에도 다양한 염류에 의하여 콘크리트구조물이 부식될 가능성이 있지만 황산에 의한 부식이 가장 대상범위가 넓고 부식속도가 빠르기 때문에 부식현상이 발견되면 급속하고 적절한 대응조치가 필요하다. 열화예측결과 및 구조물의 공용연수를 감안한 신뢰성이 높은 공법의 도입이 필요하며 이러한 조건에 적합한 유기재료와 무기재료의 복합 특성을 발휘하는 갱생공법에 사용되는 주요 소재의 실험적 특성에 관하여 고찰하였다. 그 결과 경질염화비닐(이하 프로파일)은 내외수압 저항성에서 3분간 $1kgf/cm^2$의 압력에도 누수 및 압력의 이동이 없었으며 약품침지에 따른 중량변화량이 $0.2mg/cm^2$이하로 산에 대한 변화량은 거의 없었다. 주입재인 모르타르의 산성에 대한 저항성은 일반 콘크리트에 비해 우수하였으며 기존 모르타르에 비해 비확선성 또한 우수하였다. 장거리압송시험은 200m까지 안정적인 압송이 가능하여 이 기술에 필요한 요구 성능을 확보한 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.137-148
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• 2017

This study analyzed the opinions of residents for desirable urban regeneration and suggested an improvement plan for alley environments. This study conducted a questionnaire survey of the residents living in Alley Garden of Bisan 2,3-dong, Daegu Metropolitan City. In the analysis of the importance and satisfaction of Alley Garden components, items related to a safe, cleanly environment such as 'Lighting facility installation', 'Sewage and waste disposal' and 'CCTV installation' had a high level of importance. It was also found that items improved by the Residential Environment Improvement Project and Alley Garden such as 'Lighting facility installation', 'Quantity of herbaceous flowers' and 'Kinds of herbaceous flowers' had a high level of satisfaction. The IPA results showed that items such as 'Empty house maintenance', 'Rest facilities such as benches and pergolas', 'Space for resident interaction' and 'Public parking lot' had a high level of importance, but had a low level of satisfaction, which suggests that they should be improved by priority. As a result of factor analysis, Alley Garden components were classified into four factors: 'Safety and cleanliness', 'Greenness', 'Exchange and convenience facility' and 'Aesthetics renewal'. Based on this classification, a regression analysis was conducted regarding the effects of the four factors on overall satisfaction. Results showed that all four factors had a significant influence on the overall satisfaction and that 'Aesthetics renewal' and 'Safety and cleanliness', respectively showing levels of significance at 0.274 and 0.235, were highly influential to overall satisfaction. Therefore, it was concluded that spaces for resident interaction and rest facilities should be preferentially installed to improve the environment of alleys. For the improvement of the overall satisfaction of alley environments, it was also concluded that residents should be encouraged to engage in activities such as sculpture installation and mural drawing, along with the introduction of safety bells and crime prevention environment design and the implementation of alley beautification projects.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.63-101
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• 2020

'Flight safety zone' means a zone that the Minister of National Defense designates under Articles 4 and 6 of the Protection of Military Bases and Installations Act (hereinafter 'PMBIA') for the safety of flight during takeoff and landing of military aircrafts. The purpose of flight safety zone is to contribute to the national security by providing necessary measures for the protection of military bases and installations and smooth conduct of military operations. In this case, when the state set and used the flight safety zone, the landowner claimed restitution of unjust enrichment against the country. This article is an analysis based on the existing legal theory regarding the legitimacy of plaintiff's claim, and the summary of the discussion is as follows. A person who without any legal ground derives a benefit from the property or services of another and thereby causes loss to the latter shall be bound to return such benefit (Article 741 of the Civil Act). Since the subject matter is an infringing profit, the defendant must prove that he has a legitimate right to retain the profit. The State reserves the right to use over the land designated as a flight safety zone in accordance with legitimate procedures established by the PMBIA for the safe takeoff and landing of military aircrafts. Therefore, it cannot be said that the State gained an unjust enrichment equivalent to the rent over the land without legal cause. Expropriation, use or restriction of private property from public necessity and compensation therefor shall be governed by Act: provided, that in such a case, just compensation shall be paid (Article 23 (1) of the Constitution of The Republic of KOREA). Since there is not any provision in the PMBIA for loss compensation for the case where a flight safety zone is set over land as in this case, next question would be whether or not it is unconstitutional. Even if it is designated as a flight safety zone and the use and profits of the land are limited, the justification of the purpose of the flight safety zone system, the appropriateness of the means, the minimization of infringement, and the balance of legal interests are still recognized; thus just not having any loss compensation clause does not make the act unconstitutional. In conclusion, plaintiff's claim for loss compensation based on the 'Act on Acquisition of and Compensation for land, etc. for Public Works Projects', which has no provision for loss compensation due to public limits, is unjust.