• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.407-414
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• 2011

Floating architecture is the most effective way to accommodate itself to sea-level rise due to climate change. At the same time floating architecture is the best model to offer the new spatial experience through water-friendly environment. Domestic floating architecture is still on the early stage compared to Europe which has several companies specialized in designing and building floating architecture. Floating architecture is divided into 8 types according to its criteria such as program, form, scale, level, location, access, mobility and energy. The following are design characteristics of floating architecture : (1) composed of 2 stories, (2) having large deck, (3) designing rectangular plan and balanced mass, (4) maximizing view, (5) having water-friendly space, (6) multi-using space and minimizing surface, (7) planning section to control light reflecting from the water, (8) modular and unit system.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.393-403
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• 2017

Mountain disasters in Korea have caused massive social and economic damage. During the period 2005-2014 there has been an annual average of 7 deaths and disaster recovery costs of 79.8 billion won in the country's 4393 ha of mountainous areas. The primary mountain disasters are landslides on mountain slopes, and secondary debris flows can spread along mountain streams, damaging facilities and settlements in lower areas. Typhoons and local rainfall can cause such disasters, while anthropogenic factors include development that damages the mountainous terrain. The study area was divided into three basins. For each basin, a debris flow vulnerability assessment method was proposed considering FLO-2D analysis results and the local topography, geology, and forestation. To establish an in situ investigation, analysis, and evaluation plan for potential mountain disasters, we selected mountain basins that are potentially vulnerable to mountain disasters through analysis of their mountain slopes and streams. This work suggests the establishment of a comprehensive plan for disaster prevention based on a mountain basin feature.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.55-71
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• 2013

This study assessed the thermal comfort of new towns in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (Ilsan, Bundang, Dongtan1) using PET (Physiologically Equivalent Temperature) which refers to real human heat stress. The relationship between PET and urban spatial elements was also analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The study results show that the thermal comfort of Dongtan 1, which is considering a reduction of the urban heat island effect in the planning phase, is higher than other cities. In addition, through regression results, the impervious ratio, floor area ratio, commercial area ratio, and residential area ratio were found to be major factors increasing PET. Moreover, the river area ratio and NDVI were found to be major factors decreasing PET. This study has scientific significance as research that focuses on the assessment of thermal comfort scientifically and definitely, by estimating PET for an entire urban area using GIS analysis that included remote sense analysis and the wind field model. The results of this study can be used in preparing more effective urban plans for the promotion of citizen thermal comfort.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.283-296
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• 2004

This study aims at explaining locality of living space which is changing drastically by exploring change of land utilization, living space and condition in Yeo-ju, an agricultural area around Seoul. The conclusions are as follows. 1. Agricultural land utilization tends to decrease, while civic land utilization tends to increase. 2. Change of living space due to transportation development is remarkable. Big ferry town (Yeoju-town) grew to a city, while small ferry town fell away. 3. In villages on slow urbanization, houses or lands are deserted. 4. In villages, there has been increasing number of recreational farm for urbanite. 5. In 80% of villages, there has been an increasing number of part-time farmers. 6. Most serious social problem in Yeo-ju is incompetence in agricultural activity after UR. In sum, Yeoju is now an area where the pace of urbanization is very tardy. However, this area, as an changeable area just before speedy urbanization, is expected to be urbanized drastically on condition that transportation develop. When plans suitable for this town are set up, Yeoju is expected to be a comfortable city.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2016

This study aimed to interpret the fundamental cause of road-kill occurrences and analyzed spatial characteristics of the road-kill locations from Route 44 in Seorak National Park, Korea. Logistic regression analysis was utilized for backward elimination on variables. Seorak National Park Service has constructed GIS-data of 81 road-kill occurrences from 2008 to 2013 and these data were assigned as dependent variables in this study. Considered as independent variables from previous studies and field surveys, vegetation age-class, distance to streams, coverage of fences and retaining walls, and distance to building sites were assigned as road-kill impact factors. The coverage of fences and retaining walls(-1.0135) was shown as the most influential factor whereas vegetation age-class(0.0001) was the least influential among all of the significant factor estimates. Accordingly, the rate of road-kill occurrence can increase as the distance to building sites and stream becomes closer and vegetation age-class becomes higher. The predictive accuracy of road-kill occurrence was shown to be 72.2% as a result of analysis, assuming as partial causes of road-kill occurrences reflecting spatial characteristics. This study can be regarded as beneficial to provide objective basis for spatial decision making including road-kill occurrence mitigation policies and plans in the future.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.379-395
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial characteristics of travel patterns and travel behaviors of transit users in the Metropolitan Seoul area. We apply the data mining techniques to explore the travel patterns of transit users from the T-money card database which has been produced over 10,000,000 transaction records per day. The database contains the information of locations and times of origin, transfer, and destination points for each transaction as well as the informations of transit modes taken via the transaction. We develop an data mining algorithm to explore traversal patterns from the enormous information. The algorithm determines the travel sequences of each passenger, and produce the volumes of support on each points (stops) of transportation networks in the Metropolitan Seoul area. In order to visualize the spatial patterns of travel demands for transit systems we apply GIS techniques, and attempt to investigate the spatial characteristics of travel patterns and travel demand. Subway stops located in the Gangnam area appear the highest peak for the travel origin and destination, while the CBD in the Gangbuk stands at the second position. Two or three sub-peaks appear at the densely populated residential areas developed as the high-rise apartment complex. Subway stations located along the Subway Line 2, especially from Guro to Samsung receive heavy travel demand (total support), while bus stops located at the CBD in the Gangbuk stands the highest travel demand by bus.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.115-126
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• 2015

In recent years, debris flow disaster has occurred in multiple locations between high and low mountainous areas simultaneously with a flooding disaster in urban areas caused by heavy and torrential rainfall due to the changing global climate and environment. As a result, these disasters frequently lead to large-scale destruction of infrastructures or individual properties and cause psychological harm or human death. In order to mitigate these disasters more effectively, it is necessary to investigate what causes the damage with an integrated model of both disasters at once. The objectives of this study are to analyze the mechanism of debris flow for real basin, to determine the PMP and run-off discharge due to the DAD analysis, and to estimate the influence range of debris flow for fan area according to the scenario. To analyse the characteristics of debris flow at the real basin, the parameters such as the deposition pattern, deposit thickness, approaching velocity, occurrence of sediment volume and travel length are estimated from DAD analysis. As a results, the peak time precipitation is estimated by 135 mm/hr as torrential rainfall and maximum total amount of rainfall is estimated by 544 mm as typhoon related rainfall.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.39-39
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• 2018

우리나라는 전체 국토의 약 70%가 산악지형으로 이루어져 있고 연중 강우가 6월에서 9월에 집중되는 기후적 특성을 가지고 있다. 최근 기후변화의 영향까지 더해지면서 시간당 300mm 이상의 집중호우를 보이는 이상강우가 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 대부분의 도시지역은 하천을 중심으로 발달되어 있어 인구 및 사회기반시설의 집약정도가 매우 높고 하천변 저지대 지역에 주거 및 상업시설이 밀집되어 있다. 기후적 지역적 특성으로 인한 홍수피해를 미연에 방지하고 피해를 최소화하기 위하여 치수 중심의 수자원 관리를 위해 노력하고 있다. 하지만 우리나라의 하천관리는 시기별 하천 수량의 급격한 변동으로 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이러한 어려움을 극복하고 효율적인 수자원 관리 및 홍수피해 저감을 위해 수계를 중심으로 20개의 다목적댐을 건설하여 운영 관리 중에 있다. 특히, 홍수기 시 댐 운영은 예상 강우에 따라 적절한 예비방류와 강우 시 효율적인 댐 운영계획이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 강우가 집중되는 홍수기 댐 운영 시에 예상 강우량에 따라 댐 유역 내 유량 증가에 기여하는 정도를 예측할 수 있는 유출율 예측 회귀식을 개발하였다. 유출율은 강우와 유출량의 비로 지역특성, 강우특성, 관개여부, 선행강우량, 강우이동 방향 등 다양한 요인에 의해 복잡한 메케니즘을 갖는다. 단순히 예상되는 총강우량에 따른 유출율 만으로 상호관계를 정의하기가 쉽지 않기 때문에 한국수자원공사에서 개발한 댐군 홍수조절 연계운영시스템(COSFIM)인 수문학적 연계운영모형을 활용하였다. 최근 10년간 홍수기에 발생한 강우사상별 시간단위의 수문자료(총강우량, 기저유량, 유출율, 무강우일수, 강우지속시간 등) 분석을 실시하였다. COSFIM 모형을 통한 결과를 토대로 고려항목 간 교차검증을 통해 사분위수범위의 이상치 경계를 설정하고 상관분석 결과에 따라 0.5 이상의 상관성이 높은 항목을 활용하여 예측 강우량에 따른 유출율 예측 회귀식을 도출하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 예측 강우에 따른 유출율 예측 산정식은 댐 유역에 예상되는 강우량에 대하여 하천의 유량 증가 예측 정도를 정량적으로 제시할 수 있으며, 실제 홍수기 댐 운영 시 예상 강우량에 따라 신속하고 적절한 수문 방류 계획 수립에서 용이하게 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 2019

Although the number of users of urban railways is greatly influenced by the land use plan around the railway station, Korea has been studying this problem in a small scale, so that the entrance width is uniformly calculated irrespective of the land use plan, And there is little deviation. Therefore, this study aims to establish a demand estimation model for the entrance and exit of urban railway stations. For this purpose, the demand, land use area, and socioeconomic indicators for each of the 20 urban railway stations were surveyed at 200m and 500m Regression model. The model is based on the assumption that the dependent variable (response variable) of the model is set to 1 day, peak 1 hour, peak time 5 minutes, Education, and park) and socioeconomic indicators (population, employer, employee, and student) as independent variables (explanatory variables). As a result, it was analyzed that the fit of the model is more statistically significant when the use area of the land use by 500 meters of the center radius of the city rail is used as an independent variable and the demand for the daily use of the railway station is used as a dependent variable. The purpose of this study is to estimate the optimal size of urban railway entrance in order to improve the mobility of the user and the transportation weak in urban railway station.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.20-33
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• 2018

Population distribution in urban space varies with transportation flow changing along time of day. Transportation flow is directly affected by the activities of urbanites and the distribution of related facilities, since the flow is the result of moving to the point where the facilities associated with their activities are located. It is thus necessary to analyze the spatio-temporal characteristics of the urban population distribution by integrating the distribution of activity spaces related to the daily life of urbanites and the flow of transportation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the population distribution in urban space with daily and weekly time bases using the building database and T-card database in the city of Seoul, which is rich in information on land use and transportation flow. For a time-based analysis that is difficult to grasp by general statistical techniques, a four-dimensional visualization method combining time and space using a Java program is devised. Dynamic visualization in the four-dimensional space and time allows intuitive analysis and makes it possible to understand more effectively the spatio-temporal characteristics of population distribution. For this purpose, buildings are classified into three activity groups: residential, working, and commercial according to their purpose, and the number of passengers traveling to and from each stop site of bus and subway networks in the T-card database for one week is calculated in one-minute increments, Visualizing these and integrating transportation and land use, we analyze spatio-temporal characteristics of the population distribution in Seoul. As a result, it is found that the population distribution of Seoul displays distinct spatio-temporal characteristics according to land use. In particular, there is a clear difference in the population distribution pattern along the time axis according to the mixed aspects of working, commercial, and residential activities. The results of this study can be very useful for transportation and location planning of city facilities.