• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.687-706
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• 2018

Organic agriculture is well known to be not only affecting the physical and chemical status of the soil but also closely connected to the biodiversity through complex community structure and ecological interactions. Current study monitored and analyzed the invertebrate biodiversity of organic and conventional paddy fields and upland fields from April, 2017 to August, 2017. Total of 680 species (with 14,371 individuals) were confirmed - more number of species were identified at the organic agriculture practicing fields. According to the various indices analysis, organic paddy field showed about 40% higher diversity index, while organic upland field showed about 10% higher diversity index. Richness index at organic paddy field was 60% higher compared to conventional paddy field, while organic upland field showed 40% higher value. Dominance and evenness index at conventional agriculture practicing fields were low, which possibly indicate at least partial dominance phenomenon. Hemipteran, dipteran and aranean species showed highest diversity in all fields, while dipteran, hemipteran, aranean and coleopteran species had highest diversity in conventional agriculture practicing fields.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.163-172
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• 2013

The aquatic insect collected at six areas (each 2 for mountain area, plain field, and urban area) from 2009 to 2011 were classified to analyze the distribution and diversity of species. Frequency (number of aquatic insect: N), number of species (S), similarity index (C), richness index (R1, R2), variety index (V1, V2), evenness index (E1, E2, E3, E4, E5), and dominance index (D1) were investigated. Total N and S were 143 and 84, respectively. C matrix of 153 combinations was constructed with the average of 0.542. The average C of 3 years (0.659) was 9.9% P, more higher than the average C of 6 areas (0.560). The average values of the index of 18 plots were 2.28, 0.17, 1.24, 1.08, 0.07, 0.06, 0.01, 0.87, 0.31, 0.93 for R1, R2, V1, V2, E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, D1, respectively. The order in the coefficient of variation (CV) of the indicator for 18 plots was N (70.0%) > E3 (54.9%) > E1 (49.6%) > R2 (40.5%) > S (35.3%) > R1 (33.7%) > E2 (28.4%) > E5 (15.9%) > V1 (11.1%) > E4 (6.3%) > V2 (5.1%) > D1 (4.8%). The correlation matrix with 66 combinations between the indexes was constructed with statistical significance for 33 combinations. However, R1, V1, E2 and D1 were the proper indexes to represent species diversity of aquatic insect based on the correlation matrix and the theory of statistical independence. The richness index was highest in mountain, variety index in urban area, and evenness index in plain field. However, the dominance index was lowest in urban area.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.9-9
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• 2023

한국 특산 식물인 미선나무 (Abeliophyllum distichum)는 IUCN Red List의 EN (위기종) 등급에 지정되 어 보호받아 왔다. 미선나무는 국내 자생지 6곳을 포함하는 13개의 서식지에서 생육되고 있다고 알려져 있다. 2017년 이후, 국내에서는 지속적인 보전과 관리하에 법정보호종에서 해제되어 멸종위기종 복원 성 공 사례의 귀감이 되었으나 국내를 제외하면 미선나무의 활용은 아직 어려운 현실이다. 미선나무는 1속 1종이지만 종 내에서 다양성이 존재한다. 꽃의 형태적 특징에 따른 다양한 분류가 이루어지며, 옥황1호을 포함한 분홍, 상아, 연녹색, 흰색 등으로 구분된다. 유전체 연구 및 성분 분석을 통해, 각 표현형마다 유전 정보와 유효 성분의 차이가 존재한다는 것이 알려졌다. 활용 가치를 높이려면, 유전적으로 안정되고 표준화가 가능한 원료가 필요하며, 이는 신품종을 이용하거나 새로운 개발이 필요하다는 것을 내포한다. 일반 식품으로의 활용은 어려우나 기능성 화장품의 원료 등으로 활용되고 있으며, 이러한 활용들은 미선나무의 높은 활용 가치를 투영한다. 활용 가치 평가를 위해 수행된 DNA 손상, 멜라닌 생합성, 항염증, 항산화, 항암 억제 등의 연구를 통해 다양한 약리학적 효능을 가진다는 결과들이 도출되었고, 많은 문헌들이 그 근거를 뒷받침한다. 또한, 유효 성분의 합성경로를 재정립하고 RNA 분석을 통해 그 양상을 예측하기 위한 연구가 진행 중에 있다. 미선나무에서 유래한 식물조직 배양체인 callus의 유도 및 배양이 진행되고 있으며, 옥황1호 유래 callus를 활용하여 다양한 연구를 수행하고 있다. 앞서 언급한 미선나무 연구 및 개발에 대한 한계를 파악하고, 천연 식물 자원으로의 미선나무에 대한 지속적인 관심과 지원을 통해 나고야의정서에 대응하는 전략적 접근이 필요하다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2005

We investigated the species richness of macrolepidoptera (including pyralid moths) in the evergreen broad-leaved forests of southwestern coast of Korea. The studied site was Mt. Duryunsan and its neighboring area, Haenam-gun, Jollanam-do and moths were identified and analyzed after collecting them with UV light traps from 2001 to 2004. A total number of species comprised 18 families and 489 species. We expected that the number of species would be increased when the species of microlepidoptera and butterflies were included. The family Noctuidae with 181 species was dominant in the area followed by Geometridae with 129 species and Pyralidae with 72 species. Based on number of collected individuals, Geometridae was the highest and followed by Noctuidae, Pyralidae and Drepanidae. Fifty-one percent of the total species consisted of less than two specimens in the collected sample. Monthly changes of numbers of species and individuals were examined and indices of Simpson's heterogeneity and evenness were also drawn. We briefly discussed the possibility of moth species or group of species as bioindicator for assessing the condition of forest after disturbance.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 2013

The mushrooms collected at seven areas of Mt. Chiak in 2002 and 2003 were classified to analyse the distribution and species diversity. Frequency (number of mushroom : N), number of species (S), relative species density (RSD), similarity index (C), richness index (R1), variety index (V1), evenness index (E2), and dominance index(D1) were investigated. Total N and S was 143 and 84, respectively. The RSD was 0.179 ~ 0.226 of the 7 areas. The yearly C of the total area (0.213) was 8.2%. more higher than the average C of 7 areas (0.131). The order in the coefficient of variation (CV) of the indicator for 7 areas was N (10.5%) > D1 (9.2%) > V1 (8.9%) > S (8.5%) > R1 (7.4%) > E2 (2.2%). The average R1 of the 7 areas was 5.36 with the range from 4.85 to 6.01, and 16.72 for the total area. The average V1 of the 7 areas was 16.24 with the range from 14.44 to 18.66, and 68.82 for the total area. The average E2 of the 7 areas was 0.95 with the range from 0.926 to 0.982, and 0.819 for the total area. The average D1 of the 7 areas was 0.071 with the range from 0.055 to 0.073, and 0.081 for the total area. The correlation between N and 5 kinds of diversity indicator (S, R1, V1, E2, D) was not statistically significant, but the correlation between R1, E2 and D1 was statistically significant each other.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.111-114
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• 2000

종의 분화는 생명체의 다양성을 유지하며, 좀더 환경에 적합한 생명체를 탄생시킨다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 종의 분화 개념을 도입한다. 개체군의 각 개체들이 돌연변이를 통하여 자손을 생성하고, 그 중 일부가 분화하여 다음 세대의 개체를 이룬다. 각 개체들은 돌연변이에 의해 결정되는 일정한 해밍 공간 내외를 탐색공간으로 하고, 분화를 통하여 유효한 탐색공간을 점차 넓혀 탐색공간 전체에 대한 효율적인 탐색을 수행한다. 돌연변이를 통한 진화 방법으로 진화 하드웨어에 적용할 경우 내부구조의 변경이 적어 빠른 탐색효과를 갖을 수 있다. 제안된 알고리즘을 2개의 최적화 문제에 적용하여 그 유용성을 확인한다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2017

This study investigates the spatial and temporal variations of moth diversity of Bulgapsan Mountain, Younggwang, Jeonnam. Moth collecting was carried out using a UV light trap at three different sites from February to October 2016 (5 times). A total of 177 moth species and 911 individuals in 17 families were identified. The family Geometridae (51 species and 282 individuals) was the most dominant in the numbers of species and individuals, followed by Erebidae (46 species, 248 individuals), Noctuidae (34 species, 219 individuals) and others. Seasonal change of the number of species and individuals showed a M-shaped pattern with May and July peaks. The Chao 1 estimated number of species using the observed species was 224~326 species, but the graph did not reach an asymptote. Among the surveyed sites, the Neolitsea sericea community showed the highest numbers of species and individuals.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.819-824
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• 2010

Genus Phyllostachys is a long-lived woody species primarily distributed throughout South East Asia. Many species of this genus has been regarded as medically and ecologically important in the world. We evaluated representative samples of the four taxa with RAPD to estimate genetic relationships within the genus Phyllostachys. The percentages of polymorphic loci were 8.9-33.3% at the species level. P. bambusoides was found to show lower genetic diversity (H=0.018) than other species. Total genetic diversity ($H_T$) was 0.315, genetic diversity within populations ($H_S$) was 0.043, the proportion of total genetic diversity partitioned among populations ($G_{ST}$) was 0.659 and the gene flow (Nm) was 0.0263. As some Korean populations were isolated and patchily distributed, they exhibited low levels of genetic diversity. The four taxa of the genus Phyllostachys analyzed were distinctly related to a monophyletic. P. nigra var. henonis. Stapf was found to be more closely related to P. pubescens than to P. nigra. P. bambusoides was quite distinct from the remaining species.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.108-119
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• 2021

We aimed to develop a naturalness index for forest-dwelling birds in four national parks in Korea and to simulate the effect of species loss on this naturalness index. Five bird specialists were asked to give 112 bird species a disturbance susceptibility score (DSS), and the naturalness index was calculated based on this. The 112 bird species represented 8 orders (Cuculiformes, Piciformes, Accipitriformes, Falconiformes, Columbiformes, Caprimulgiformes, Strigiformes, and Passeriformes). DSS was the highest for Terpsiphone atrocaudata and Pitta nympha, and lowest for Pica pica, Hypsipetes amaurotis, and Streptopelia orientalis. There was a significant negative relationship between a species' population number and its DSS. Among the four national parks, Mt. Songni had the highest naturalness index, followed by Mt. Wolak, Mt. Juwang, and Mt. Wolchul. We investigated the change in biodiversity indices under four scenarios, which assumed the extinction of species with less than 5 (Scenario 1), 10 (Scenario 2), 50 (Scenario 3), and 100 individuals (Scenario 4). The results showed that although all biodiversity indices decreased as the species loss increased, they all behaved differently. Fisher's alpha diversity decreased as the number of species proportionally decreased. There was almost no change in Shannon-Wiener H' index in Scenarios 1 and 2. The naturalness index showed increased sensitivity in Scenarios 1 and 4. Our future aims are to obtain the DSS for all forest-dwelling bird species, and to adopt the naturalness index to evaluate temporal and spatial changes in biodiversity.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.263-272
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• 2010

One hundred sixty three strains showing different colony morphological characteristics on different concentration of marine agar (MA) plates were isolated from ambient seawater near Dokdo island. Bacterial diversity and distributions were studied by phylogenetic analysis of the partial 16S rRNA gene sequences. One hundred sixty three strains were partially sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically. They were composed of 5 phyla, of which gamma-proteobacteria (58%), alpha-proteobacteria (20%), bacteriodetes (16%) were predominant. They were affiliated with 90 species. The 16S rRNA sequence similarity of the isolates was in 93.3 to 100 % range to reported sequence data. Thirty six isolates of among them were assumed to be novel species candidates based on similarity analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Overall, Proteobacteria and Bacteriodetes of the Dokdo coastal sea water showed a high diversity.