• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.223-229
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• 1996

To investigate the effect of seeding date, seeding rate, and sprouted seeds on seedling establishment, yield and its components of rice in barley /rice reley cropping as a minimum tillage, Gancheokbyeo rice seeds sowed by hand broadcast in various overlapped days befer barley harvest. The highest rice seedling stand was at sowed on the day just before barley harvest and l00kg per hectare of seeding rate with sprouted seeds. Also number of tiller and panicle showed the similar tendency. Delayed rice heading dates were found 2 days at l0-day overlap, 2 days at 5-day overlap, and 4 days at 0-day overlap before barley harvest compared with machine transplanting rice at just after barley harvest using l0-days old seedling. The culm length of broadcast rice shortened 2∼4cm compared with the transplanting rice. The rice plants lodged slightly at seeding rate l00kg per hectare and at sowed on the day of barley harvest. The rice panicle number increased with later date sowing and higher seeding rate. Number of spikelets per panicle and ripened grains decreased at higher seeding rates. Sprouted seeds and higher seeding rates showed higher rice yield at later sowing dates.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.194-200
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• 1984

Effects of seed coating on establishment, early growth and herbage production were investigated in Pot, Soil box and Field experiments. Seed was coated with 60% Lime, 20% Phosphate and 20% Peatmoss(W/W), also finely sprayed 13% Arabic gum and 2% Methyl cellulose(W/V). Coating were generally 1:20, seed: coat(W/W). 1. In the general growth of the growing stages and different oversown species at 80 days, seed coated was promoted than none in early growth. (Table 2 and 3) 2. Stand counts at 60 days after oversown, seed coated was higher 15% than none, especially, there was advantage due to coating on the medium and large size seeds such as Orchardgrass, Perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass, but did not assist establishment of the large (Tall fescue) and small (Ladino clover) size seed. 3. Variation of sward composition was not quite different between two treatments, but seed coated was slightly increased the Percentage of sown grasses with advance of cutting time. 4. Total dry metter yield per unit area with seed coated was higher 17% than none in establishment year. 5. Variations in the chemical composition of the herbage and soil were influenced by coating materials in the coating regime (Table 8). 6. From these facts, seed coated also appeared that adequate seedling stands, early growth and herbage production could be obtained with higher than conventional overseeding method under a poor conditions.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.419-427
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• 2021

In South Korea, direct seeding of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is difficult during spring cultivation in early March because of the low yield production associated with late flowering and poor seed quality. To compare the period of direct sowing, the present study investigated the growth characteristics of rapeseed according to planting dates. Specifically, 35 day-old seedlings were transplanted or directly sown on four different dates (late February, early March, late March, and early April) in 2020 and 2021. As the planting date was delayed, the days to flowering of rapeseed decreased. Similarly, the plant height, seed set percentage, and seed yield of rapeseed were reduced upon delay in planting. The seed yield of rapeseed through direct seeding in late February was the highest, 2.76 ton·ha^-1. On all seeding dates, except for late February, the transplanted rapeseed produced a higher yields than the directly seeded rapeseed. The crude oil and oleic acid content, which is related to the quality of rapeseed, decreased with the delay in planting dates, and this decrease was greater, with the direct seeding of rapeseed depending on the sowing time. In the correlation analysis, the planting date was significantly and negatively correlated with the yield, crude oil content, and oleic acid content of the transplanted rapeseed, while the sowing date was negatively correlated with the plant height, silique size, yield, and seed quality of the directly seeded rapeseed. Finally, the effect of planting date on rapeseed growth was stronger in direct seeding than in transplanting. Therefore, during spring cultivation after late February to early March, transplanting, rather than direct seeding, in more advantageous in terms of seed quality and yield.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 2002

The effects of drill widths and nitrogen application levels on the growth characteristics and seed productivity of Italian ryegrasss(Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were evaluated. The experimental design was a split-plot arrangement with three replications. The main-plots were three drill widths of 15, 30 and 45cm, and subplots were three nitrogen application rates of 50, 75 and 100 kg/㏊ in early spring. Among the growth characteristics, lodging tolerance appeared to be highest in the treatment including 45cm of drill width and 50kg/㏊ of nitrogen application compared to other treatments. The numbers of stem per one square meter tended to be increased more in drill width of 15cm than in that of 30 or 45cm, but other growth characteristics were similar among treatments. In seed yield components, the numbers of spike per one square meter were getting increased according as drill width was narrower, but spike length and 1,000 seed weight were longer and heavier. respectively. The rate of ripened pains was highest in treatment including 30cm of drill width and 50kg/㏊ of nitrogen application. Maximum seed yield was also obtained in same treatment.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.342-351
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• 1990

Experiments were conducted to find out the possibilities of producing good quality seed of summer type soybean at Chuncheon, 74m above sea level and Jinboo, 600m above sea level in 1987. Local variety, Cheonan Jaelae was used. Seeds were sown June 25 harvested five times from 35 days after flowering with five days interval to 55 days. Vegetative period was longer in the early planting and high cool area, Jinboo, which resulted longer stem length than the late planting and in the plain area, Chuncheon. Pod number and 100 grain weight were shown more and heavier in Jinboo. Earlier planting and later harvesting resulted more pod number and heaveier 100grain weight. Grain yield was heigher in Jinboo, and earlier plainting shown more grain yield and its difference was greater in Jinboo. Long grain filling duration resulted more grain yield. Unripened seeds were produced more by earlier planting with earlier harvesting and earlier planting with late harvesting showed the high rates of pod and stem blight (Diaporthe Phaseolorum). Seed With high moisture content by early harvesting showed more rotten seeds in all planting dates production was more advantageous in the high cool area, Jinboo. Optimum planting date was between May 15 and June 5. Harvesting was desirable about 45-50 days after flowering with heigher germination rate seed yield.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.199-205
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• 1985

1. Alternaria tenuis, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Curvularia lunata Fusarium semitectum, Gerlachia oryzae, Phoma sp. Trichoconiella padwickii were found associated with ear blighting of rice plants. The frequency of isolation of the fungi was found to be higher from the severely discolored rice grains than that from the brownish spotted grains, but H. oryzae was encounted highly from the latter. 2. Higher counts of Alternaria tenuis, Helminthosporium oryzae, Trichoconiella padwickii, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium semitectum were observed under alternating cycles of 12hrs of light and darkness than under complete darkness but G. oryzae was encountered highly under darkness in the blotter. While no difference in the occurrence of the other fungi was recorded under l2hr NUV light-12hr darkness cycles and darkness. 3. A. tenuis and C. cladosporioides were encountered highly at the lower temp. $(15^{\circ}C)$ but Phoma sp. was occurred highly at the higher temp. $(30^{\circ}C)$ when the seeds were incubated in the blotter. 4. Artificial inoculation of the fungi in the ears of rice plants caused severe discoloration of rice grains and reduced 1,000 grain weights and grain ripening percentage.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.271-276
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• 1996

This studies were conducted to basic information on growth characteristics and root yield in progeny the derived from different bolting years and to establish optimum seed production time in Angelica gigas. Plant height of early and mid-growing stages had decreased with each year increase in bolting year, but showed no significance in late growing stage at different bolting years. Root charac­teristics including root length, root diameter and dry root weight was slightly good and it had high root/ shoot ratio in third year seed production. respectively. Bolting rate showed that first year seed 38.1%, second year seed 10.4% and third year seed 1.2%, respectively. Therefore, optimum seed production time revealed third year seed for reduce bolting rate. Root yield at different bolting years showed average 1,690kg per hectare as fresh root weight on first year seed, 2,860kg on second year and 2,940kg on third year seed, respectively. A significant positive correlation was appeared between bolting rate and plant height in mid-growing stage. On the other hard, there was highly significant negative correlation between bolting rate and root yield.

• 농업기술회보
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.39-39
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• 2013

수수는 폴리페놀, 플라보노이드 등 다양한 기능성 성분이 많이 함유하고 있어 몸속 활성산소를 막는 항산화 효과와 더불어 고지혈증 예방, 항비만 및 항당뇨 등 주요 생활습관병에 우수한 건강기능성 식품으로 주목받고 있다. 하지만 재래종자는 유전적으로 순도가 높지 못해 쓰러짐에 약하고 수량이 낮아 품종개선이 필요했다. 이에 따라 농촌진흥청에서는 쓰러짐에 강하고 수량이 많은 메수수 '동안메'를 2012년에 육성하였다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.70-73
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• 1992

사료작물 저온발아성(低溫發芽性)은 수수 $\times$ 수단그라스잡종들이 좋았고 옥수수와 수단그라스는 비교적 저조하였고 PGE에 종자침지처리가 이탈리안라이그라스의 저온발아에 효과적이었다. 간척지의 수수파종시 염해 방지에는 모래를 파종후 피복하여 제염(除鹽) 효과를 얻을수 있었다. 수수류의 토양수분조건에 대한 광합성 연구는 포장용수량의 $60\sim80%$의 조건에서 광합성이 가장 왕성하였고 건물수량도 동일한 결과를 나타내었다. 옥수수의 광이용과 초형과의 관계연구는 이삭상부 엽각의 직립화는 밀식 조건에서 광이용성이 증가되었고 건물 및 종실수량에서 종수가 있었다. 또 밀식화에 따라 직립화 경향이 현저하였으며 옥수수의 다수성초형의 육성이 요청되었다. 질소시비에 대한 청예류의 생장 반응 연구들은 수단그라스에서 10a당 40Kg까지는 건물수량생산을 증가시켰으나 80Kg/10a 사용시는 질산태질소함량이 중독위험치를 초과하였다. 이러한 질산태질소의 중독위험은 6엽기까지 존재하였고 청산중독의 위험농도는 4엽기 이전까지, 또 18/$8^{\circ}C$의 저온조건에서 나타났다. 옥수수의 적정재식 밀도는 10a당 16.600본까지 밀식할수록 증가되었으나 가소화수량과 종실수량은 5.500본과 10Kg/10a 에서 최고치를 나타내었고 질소 추비 효과는 대관령 같은 고산지대에서는 나타나지 않았다. 맥류의 총체(總體)사료 이용성은 호밀, 밀, 보리 순(順)으로 저하하였고 파종시기가 빠를수록 월동성이 향상되었으며 수확적기는 출수후 24일경이었다. 호밀의 청예이용에는 월동후 2회예취와 12cm높이가 건물수량과 TDN수량을 높힐 수 있었다. 수수$\times$ 수단잡종의 출수기 이전 예취는 고사 경비율을 줄일 수 있었고 년 2회 예취와 예취높이 10cm가 가장 좋았다. 유채는 생육기간이 길어질수록 수량은 증가하였고 소화율의 감소도 현저하지 않았다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.20
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• pp.63-68
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• 1975

Several high protein mutant lines(M4 plant generation, 1974) obtained from X-ray irradiated Jinheung variety were examined at three different locations for their agronomic characters, protein and grain yields. On the other hand, high protein-short culmed-early maturity mutant line No. 398 (M$_{10}$ plant generation, 1974) induced from Hokwang was crossed back to its mother to investigate the gene(s) controlling protein and its pleiotropic relation to other mutated characters. Although variation of protein percent of mutant lines from Jinheung was comparatively large depending on year and location, most of the high protein mutant lines had higher protein yield per unit area than the mother variety and their grain yields were equal to or better than the mother, being resistant to both leaf and neck blast. They were several days earlier-maturing and had shorter-culm except one mutant line. The culm length and heading date of F$_1$ between high protein mutant 398 and its mother Hokwang were intermediate. Accurate assessment of segregation of culm length and heading date in F$_2$ generation and protein percent in F$_3$ seeds will be conducted in 1975.