• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.57-57
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• 2020

본 연구는 국내 자생 방향성 식물의 자원발굴과 증식, DB 구축을 위하여 수행되었다. 배초향은 꿀풀과에 속하는 다년생 식물로 대표적인 한국의 방향식물이다. 한의학에서는 배초향의 지상부를 곽향이라 하여 음식으로 인한 체증, 오한, 복통 등을 치료하는 한약재로 사용되며 그 밖의 관상용, 밀원용, 식품용, 향신료 등 다양한 산업제품의 원료로 사용되고 있다. 배초향의 유전형질 특성 및 정유성분 조사를 위하여 국립농업유전자원센터로부터 배초향 종자(30자원)를 분양받아 발아시킨 후 시험연구포장에 증식하였다. 증식된 배초향을 대상으로 개화기, 식물 및 꽃의 색, 잎의 모양 등 개체별 형질특성을 조사하였으며 일정시기에 일시 수확하여 정유추출 후 GC/MS 분석을 통하여 정유의 화학성분을 분석하였다. 배초향의 개화시기는 6월 10일 경~7월 29일 경이었고 초장은 약 80cm~186cm이었다. 잎의 모양은 30자원 중 광난형 12자원, 피침형 10자원, 난형 8자원의 분포였고 식물체의 색은 green과 red-purple 계열이 각각 22자원과 8자원이었다. 배초향 꽃의 색깔은 RHS Colour chart 참조하여 149P 10P 8/4, 129B 10P 7/8, 37V 2.5RP 4/12의 색으로 분류하여 조사하였다. 129B 10P 7/8에 해당하는 자원이 18자원으로 가장 많은 분포를 차지하였다. 배초향의 정유성분 분석 결과, 정유수율은 0.11%~0.44%이었고 정유성분은 estragole, methyl eugenol, menthone 등이었다. 배초향의 주성분으로 알려진 estragole은 30자원 중 13자원의 주요정유성분인 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.197-203
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• 2023

Callus cultivation is a method for producing a large amount of tissue of a plant in the laboratory, regardless of the environment. Lycoris chejuensis, a plant species native to jeju island, is a member of the Lycoris family has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of diverse diseases. In this study, we evaluated anti-inflammatory effect of biorenovated Lycoris chejuensis callus (LCB) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. As a result, LCB was less toxic to the cells in the concentration range of 25, 50, and 100 ㎍/mL as shown by the improved viability of LCB treated cells than compared to Lycoris chejuensis callus (LC) treatment. In addition, LCB inhibited the generation of NO and prostaglandin E₂ through the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 protein expression. LCB also attenuated the expression of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α induced by LPS. The results suggest that LCB has anti-inflammatory activity on the LPS-induced inflammatory response and may be suitable for the development of potent functional cosmetic material.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.1
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• pp.66-73
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• 2013

This study was conducted to determine the effects of rice hull cover on seed germination and tray types, soil types, shading conditions for seedling growth of Codonopsis pilosuala. We also examined the feasibility of cultivation of small seedlings transplanted in the Gyeonggi-do area for a month. Under control condition, the seed germination was 8% whereas it dramatically increased to 78% under rice hull cover treatment. Under the different conditions (tray types, soil types, and shading conditions), young seedlings showed the best quality without shading in TKS soil of 50 plug cell tray, with the growth characteristics of plant height (11.9 cm), number of leaves (71), leaf width (3.1 cm), leaf length (2.6 cm), and root length (14.3 cm). Seedling quality was the best without any shading in TKS+perlite, with the physiological characteristics of evaporation (3.9 $mmol{\cdot}m^{-2}s^{-1}$), carbon assimilation (9.1 ${\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}s^{-1}$), and water use efficiency (2.2 ${\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}s^{-1}$). Considering the economical, morphological, physiological and survival rate of the seedlings, it was an ideal method for transplanting seedlings in the field after they have been grown for 30-45 days in TKS and TKS+perlite of 200 plug cell tray in 0% or 30% shaded conditions. As the results of 5 months examination on the possibility to cultivate Codonopsis pilosuala in the Gyeonggi-do area, 88% to 96% of survival rate was observed with normal induced flowers. Therefore, cultivation of Codonopsis pilosuala was possible in the Gyeonggi-do area. While there were symptoms of etiolation and wilting under no shading condition, they did not appear in 30% and 70% shading conditions. Therefore, cultivation of Codonopsis pilosuala is considered to be necessary 30% or 70% shading.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1984

The main objective of this experiment was to investigate the selection efficiency for clear rice by the application of the wx-carrier technique in rice. Twelve semi-dwarf waxy lines were bred through backcrosses to the two recurrent semi-dwarf parents, IR667 and IR1317, utilizing six different waxy cultivars as waxy donor parent. These waxy lines were crossed to three clear non-waxy varieties, IR24, Suweon 287 and Suweon294. Their F$_3$ seeds were separated into waxy and non-waxy and the clearness of non-waxy grains were counted. The results are summarized as follows: l. Mean clearness per plant for twelve waxy lines ranged from 3.7% to 78.9% at the 35 days after heading. It was higher in the lines which utilized IR 1317 as recurrent parent and it was lower in the lines which utilized IR667 as recurrent parent. Mean clearness per plant for recurrent parent, IRl317 and IR667 were 47.6% and 5.6% respectively. The clear non-waxy parents; Suweon287, IR24 and Suweon294 showed 83.7% 80.5% and 73.5% clearness respectively. 2. Mean clearness of F$_3$ seeds of the crosses between different waxy parents and IR24, Suweon 294 and Suweon 287 ranged 16.7-73.9%, 21.9-42.9% and 10.6-26.9%, respectively. IR24 crosses showed the highest mean clearness. 3. Highly positive correlation was found between the clearness of F$_3$ seeds of Suweon 287 crosses and those of Suweon294. 4. Significant differences were observed in mean clearness of F$_3$ seeds of the crosses between the different waxy lines, which was bred through the same number of backcrosses to the same recurrent parent, and a clear non-waxy parent. Crosses of IR1317 recurrent parent showed higher mean clearness than those of IR667 recurrent parent. 5. In some crosses, clearness was higher in homo-non-waxy than in hetero-non-waxy, but, in other crosses it was higher in hetero-non-waxy. Thus no distinct pattern in the segregation of clearness was observed along the homo-non-waxy or hetero-non-waxy. 6. From the results it was concluded that, the selection efficiency for the clear rice can be improved by choosing the proper waxy parent, as well as proper recurrent parent under the wx-carrier technique.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2008

Progeny tests of Abies holophylla were established with 32 open-pollinated families at Hwaseong and Gangneung in 1994. Growth characteristics (height, DBH and volume index) were measured at the age of 15, showing that Gangneung site showed in general better performance than Hwaseong site. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the growth characteristics showed that there was a significant difference among families in Gangneung but not in Hwaseong, and Hwaseong site showed that DBH and volume index were statistically different among replications. At Gangneung site, family ${\times}$ replication interaction was significant in DBH and volume index. Based on the combined analysis of both sites, all characteristics except height showed highly significant differences between sites and among families. On the other hand, family ${\times}$ replication interaction was not significant, implying that growth pattern of families could be similar at Gangneung and Hwaseong. Individual heritabilities ($hi^2$) at Gangneung were 0.485 in height, 0.611 in DBH and 0.538 in volume index, and the values of $hi^2$ at Hwaseong were 0.121 in height, 0.054 in DBH and 0.080 in volume index, respectively. Based on both sites, $hi^2$ was estimated as 0.204 in height, 0.326 in DBH and 0.238 in volume index. Individual heritabilities (0.054~0.611) were lower than family heritabilities (0.089~0.723) for all growth characteristics. Realized gain was estimated to be 2.5% in height, 9.2% in DBH and 23.6% in volume. When inferior families (about 50% of all families) are genetically thinned from a seed orchard, genetic gain would be 9.55% in height, 17.0% in DBH and 46.8% in volume.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2008

The clonal variation in female flowering was studied in Larix leptolepis clone bank, consisting of 116 clones, for three years. The between-year variation was large; i.e. the percentage of flowering grafts and average number of flowering per graft were $28.4{\sim}67.2$ and $9{\sim}176$, respectively. Differences in flowering abundance among clones were large and statistically significant in all the years studied. The variance of flowering abundance among clones was increased when flowering was poor. The average of broad-sense heritability of flowering abundance was 0.52. The genetic gain(%G) was estimated at 57.4% when the upper 30% clones were selected. The clonal stability of flowering abundance was compared using average number of flowering and coefficient of variance value of each clone. The clones such as Gyeonggi 9(29), Kangwon 37(137), Chungnam 6(46), Chungnam 14(414), R11, R8 showed abundant flowering and high stability.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.2
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• pp.169-175
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• 2001

Genomic DNAs were extracted from the leaves of 182 ginkgo trees (Ginkgo biloba L.) planted in 6 regions and subjected to the analysis of both I-SSR and RAPD markers. A total of 227 amplicon variants were generated by PCR using 15 I-SSR primers and 67 amplicons by PCR with 5 RAPD primers. Levels of genetic diversity within 6 populations were turned out to be similar (Shannon's Index, I-SSR : 0.35~0.40; mean of 0.38, RAPD : 0.31~0.38; mean of 0.35, combined : 0.35~0.40; mean of 0.37). Ranks of the level of genetic diversity estimated from I-SSR, RAPD, and combined data were not coincided each other. Majority of genetic diversity was allocated among individuals within populations (I-SSR : 94.31%, RAPD : 93.62%, combined : 93.57%), which resulted in pretty low level of population differentiation. Genetic differentiation between male and female groups was turned out to be quite low (I-SSR : 0.03, RAPD : 0.091, combined : 0.043), which slightly fluctuated when analysis was restricted to the data obtained from 3 regions where both male and female trees were sampled (I-SSR : 0.038, RAPD : 0.084, combined : 0.047). Genetic relationships among the populations, reconstructed by UPGMA, were not coincided with geographic affinity, which might be resulted from sharing of seed sources in some regions. Whereas independent cluster analyses with I-SSR data and RAPD data, respectively, reclassified by sexes revealed two sexual groups in which all the male and the female populations were clustered together, cluster analysis with combined data did not show clear sexual grouping.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.187-194
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• 2010

The soybean stay green mutant genotype (SSG) derived from the nuclear gene, d1d2, and cytoplasmic gene, cytG, inhibit the breakdown of chloroplast in the leaves, pod walls, seed coats, and embryos during maturity. Soybean seed with black seed coat and green cotyledon (SBG) are preferred than black seed coat with yellow cotyledon (SBY) especially for cooking with rice and as source of traditional food in Korea. The researchers evaluated the seed's chlorophyll content of SSG and introduced SSG to the SBG variety breeding program. The seed chlorophyll content of SSG with d1d2 was $39.93{\sim}60.80\;{\mu}g/g$ and SSG with cytG $38.08{\sim}39.89\;{\mu}g/g$. The Korean SBG variety which was derived from SSG with cytG, contains $16.35{\sim}37.73\;{\mu}g/g$. The composition of seed chlorophyll differs according to the genetic background of SSG genotype. Inheritance study showed that cotyledon color was segregated 15:1 (yellow:green) at $F_2$ seed indicating two recessive genes control green cotyledon as revealed by previous study. Only less than 3% soybean lines showed black seed coat with green cotyledon among crosses SBY and SSG (d1d2). Results showed that SSG with d1d2 can be used as a good source for SBG with high chlorophyll content in the seed cotyledon, but due to the complex genetic behavior, breeding resource of SBG with d1d2 should be prepared to improve the breeding efficiency for development SBG variety.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.233-246
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to suggest the possibility of utilizing the wildflower pasture for promoting public interest. Growth characteristics, botanical composition, fauna distribution on wildflower pastures were observed. The experimental design included two treatments: native wildflower pasture(NWP, turf grasses 6 species + native wildflower 11 species) and introduced wildflower pasture(lWP, turf grasses 6 species + introduced wildflower 9 species). The field trials were carried out on the experimental pasture plots at Chungnam National University from 1997 to 2000. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The flowering of wildflower was maintained continuously from May to September, and the colors of wildflowers; varied seasonally during this period. With native flowers, however, Hemerocallis fulva, Belamcanda chinenis and Aster koraiensisi showed problems in lately germination and early establishment. Meanwhile, Introduced wildflower showed not only excellent germination and early establishment compared to native flowers species but also maintained brighter colors. But Coreopsis tinctoria, Achillea mi/lefolium and Rudbeckia bicolor had colonized at a higher height or possessed stronger rhizome. 2. The appropriate species of turf grass which maintained continuous seasonal distribution are thought to be tall fescue, perennial ryegrass. Kentucky bluegrass in NWP and IWP. 3. Botanical composition of wild flower in NWP was arranged in the order of Achillea sibirica > Lotus corniculatus var. Japonicus > Dianthus chinensis > Plantago asiatica > Taraxacum pla~ycarpum > Viola mandshurica > Aster koraiensis > Vicia tetasperma > Lespedeza stipulacea > Hemerocallis fulva, respectively. The highest seasonal distribution of native wildflower, Achillea sibirica was in spring and summer, Lotus corniculatus var. Japonicus was in autumn. Botanical composition of wild flower in IWP was arranged in the order of Achillea millefolium Coreopsis tinctoria > Silene armeria > Coreopsis lanceolata > Rudbeckia bicolor > Sanguisorba oficinalis > Centaurea cyanus > Chrysanthemum leucanthemum > Dianthus petraeus, respectively. The highest seasonal distribution of introduced wildflower, Silene armeria was in spring, Achillea millefolium was in summer, and Coreopsis tinctoria was in autumn.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.162-167
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• 2016

This study was carried out to investigate proper stem cutting position and air temperature to regenerate roots from cuttings of bitter gourd. 'NS454' (NS) and 'Dragon' (DR) cultivars were tested and the cutting position was cut at the 3rd node in the stem (treatment I) and cut at the central part (stem segment) between 3rd leaf and 4th leaf in the stem (treatment II). The air temperature was maintained at 18, 23, 28 and $35^{\circ}C$ in the growth chambers, respectively. The photosynthetic photon flux at the ground of a chamber was maintained in approximately $150-200{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$ during the 16-hour photoperiod. The relative humidity in the chambers was maintained over 85%. After 10 days of cuttings, regardless of cutting position, DR and NS cultivars showed 100% the survival rate in the $18^{\circ}C$ or $23^{\circ}C$ treatments, however, most of plants $18^{\circ}C$ treatment had not rooting. In the $28^{\circ}C$ treatment, regardless of cutting position, DR and NS cultivars showed 100% of the rooting rate. In the $23^{\circ}C$ treatment, for DR cultivar, the node cutting showed 90% of rooting rate and the stem segment cutting showed 40% rooting rate. For NS cultivar, the node cutting showed 50% of rooting rate and the stem segment cutting showed 40% rooting rate. DR and NS cultivars have high rooting rate, while the rooting rate remarkably decreased in the $35^{\circ}C$ treatment. For DR cultivar, the stem segment cutting showed 5.3 of the highest rooting number and the node cutting showed 2.7 rooting number in the $28^{\circ}C$ treatment. NS cultivar was not significantly different the rooting regardless of cutting position. The results suggested that cutting at the stem segment cutting of bitter gourd is an effective cutting method for increasing survival rate and the air temperature should be maintained at $28^{\circ}C$.