• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.302-303
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1997.05a
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• pp.90-91
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• 1997

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.250-253
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• 2002

The post harvest treatment of barley had many hard work steps, such as drying, cleaning, and packing. This is a reason why farmer doesn't like to cultivate barley. This study was conducted to investigate the optimum post harvest management of bulk-harvested barley using rice processing complex (RPC). Bulk-harvested barley was stored to 61.1% after 6pm at RPC. Grain moisture contents of bulk-harvested barley differed from storing date, farmer household, and field. Required dry hours were different with grain moistures contents. The average dry hour was 9.5 hours per 10a and dry rate was 0.89%. The proportion of impurity removed by coarse cleaning differed from grain moisture contents, as higher grain moisture content made impurity rate increase up to 38.9%. Cost of drying of bulk-harvested barley was 50won per ㎏ at above 24% of grain moisture contents, and the average dry cost was 41.25 won/㎏ and 14,400won/10a. The 62% of barley treated was stored in indoor-grain bin, and the others packed in 500 ㎏-poly con bag were stored in warehouse insulated.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.spc1
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• pp.239-241
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• 2005

Alisma plantago seeds have some difficulties for mechanical sowing because of small, irregular and shrunken shapes. Thus it was intended to make seed pelleting for Alisma piantago seeds to solve these problem. The main object of this study was to find the best materials for Alisma plantago seeds pelleting. The most desirable shapes which provide a spherical and smooth surface of the pelleted seeds that enhance mechanical singling was made from the mixture of SDZ + DE + CA $0.4\%$. The pelleted seeds were easily broken after absorbing water and the germination rate of those was $95.3\%$ in lab.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.617-622
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• 2011

The study was conducted to determine the efficiency in producing spontaneous polyploids in some mandarin hybrids with different seed embryony. Seed formation by open pollination, frequency of spontaneous polyploids, and plant growth characteristics were evaluated in four mandarin hybrids with polyembryony such as 'Amakusa', 'Haruka', 'Hayaka', and 'Seminole' and two with monoembryony such as 'Benibae' and 'Harehime'. The mean number of the developed seeds per fruit was 10.0 and frequency of small seeds was 25.1%. Polyploids were selected from plants germinated in vitro by a flow cytometry and confirmed by chromosome analysis. One triploid was produced from 'Harehime', one tetraploid, 'Amakusa', and one tetrapoid, 'Benibae'. There were little differences in leaf shape, thickness, petiole length, and internode length between diploids and polyploids such as tri- or tetraploid. However, polyploids had larger stomata and lower density of stomata in abaxial epidermis than diploids. SPAS indicating chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate were significantly affected by ploidy level. The results indicated that spontaneous polyploids might be produced by open pollination in some mandarin hybrids and monoembryony had higher frequency in polyploid occurrence than polyembryony.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.235-240
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• 2016

Factors affecting germination of seeds in the forms of various environment and chemical compounds. The present study was aim to produced effective seed propagation method of Astilbe koreana (Kom.) Nakai which had expected high value for the cut flower, ornamental and pharmaceutical material. Seed width and length ranged 0.62, 2.22 ㎜, respectively, and weight of thousand seeds was 40.5 ㎎. As result of imbibition test, showed moisture content of fresh seed (2.57%) increased rapidly by water-soaking treatment under 24 hours, recording to maximum value of 29.8%, and expansion of the seed coat was observed. Seed germination was the best at 15℃ and light conditions (40.8%) among temperature and light conditions treated. Percent germination of seeds was improved under the low (15, 20℃) than high temperature (25, 30℃). In addition, the seed was not germinated at dark condition regardless of temperature. Seeds of A. koreana thus seemed that it had low temperature germinability conditions. To improve germination rate, seeds were submerged in various concentrations of growth regulators such as GA₃ and kinetin, and minerals as KNO₃ and KCl. As a results, KNO₃ treatment, regardless of concentrations, promoted germination compared to control. Especially, percent of germination (77.8%), germination energy (96.1%), mean germination time (11.3 days) and T₅₀ (6.5 days) were effectively improved by treatment of KNO₃ 20 mM.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.99-107
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• 2009

The study was performed to evaluate the product quality and shelf-life effect of low-fat comminuted sausages (LFS) manufactured with sodium lactate (SL, 2%), grapefruit seed extract (GSE, 0.2%) and Lentinus edodes (LE) powder (0.25%) alone or in combination. Addition of LE powder lower than 0.25% did not affect the product quality and sensory characteristics (p>0.05). However, LFS containing 2% SL in combined with 0.2% GSE inhibited the growth of inoculated Listeria monocytogenes during refrigerated storage for 8 wk. During refrigerated storage, pH decreased until 2 wk of storage and then increased thereafter. In addition, lightness decreased up to the 1st wk and then increased thereafter. However, redness value was the lowest at 8 wk, and expressible moisture (%) was decreased with increased storage time. Purge loss (%) was gradually increased over 8 wk of storage. Microbial counts of Listeria monocytogenes increased as storage time increased. Based on these results, LFS could be manufactured with LE powder (0.25%) and the addition of SL (2%) in combination with GSE (0.2%) inhibited the growth of Listeria monocytogenes during refrigerated storage of LFS.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 1987

Seed dormancy and germination responses to light and gases were determined for Echinochloa colona (L.) Link. E. colons seeds did not require a period of after-ripening for breaking dormancy. Water movement occurred readily across the seed coat. Repeated cycles of hydration and dehydration reduced viability and thence germination. Water imbibition for 24 h increased seed moisture by 21%; seeds returned to their original weight after drying at room temperature for 13 h. Removal of seed-coats increased germination in the dark. Light stimulated germination. Germination at a daylight intensity of 51.9 $Wm^{-2}$ or less was significantly reduced. Germination of seeds which were exposed to light for 1 h each day was significantly less than that of seeds exposed for longer than 2 h a day. Seeds subjected to blue light had delayed and decreased germination compared to seeds exposed to red light. Ethylene or carbon dioxide exogenenously added in the presence of light stimulated germination. The addition of the two gases together had a synergistic effect. In the dark, however, the two gases did not increase germination.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.540-544
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• 1991

Pod dehiscence in six rape varieties drying after harvest in the field was investigated with use of strain gauge. The development of rape pods was observed after 3-4 days of flowering. The length of pod and seed reached of their maximal size at the 20th and 35th days after flowering, respectively. The seed shape was nearly spherical 40 days after flowering, and pod width was maximal at the 45th days of flowering. Moisture content of seeds was 70% at cutting time, reduced to 30% at 5 days of drying in the plastic film house and 10% at 14 days. Pod dehiscence showed a diurnal change with moisture content of pods and relative humidity, and the dehiscence became difficult under low moisture content of pods and relative humidity of which seems to be related to the rapid drying condition of pod.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.135-142
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• 2004

The objective of this study was carried out to determine which method is effective for improving seed germination in carrot and onion among osmotic or solid matrix priming. Seeds were osmotic primed with -0.5 MPa polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG) solution and solid matrix primed with Micro Cel E (seed, Micro Cel E, and water mixed with the ratio of 4.0：2.0：8.0 by weight for carrot, and the ratio of 4.0：1.2：5.0 for onion at $20^{\circ}C$ for 4 days). Seeds were rapidly absorbed water after osmotic priming and solid matrix priming treatment. The moisture content of solid matrix primed seeds was lower than that of osmotic primed seeds in carrot and onion. Osmotic priming and solid matrix priming did not influenced on increasing of percent germination, but $T_{50}$ of treated seeds was shorter than those of untreated seeds at four temperature regimes. The effects of osmotic or solid matrix priming in reducing the $T_{50}$ was greater when the seeds were germinated at $15^{\circ}C$ than at $25^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ temperature. Solid matrix primed seeds germinated faster than osmotic primed seeds at all temperature in both carrot and onion. After priming, surface-dried seeds germinated faster than dried-back seeds in carrot and onion. Emergence speed of carrot and onion seeds was faster than untreated seeds by osmotic priming or SMP treatment although the final emergence percentage was not significantly influenced. On the other hand, early growth was not significantly influenced by osmotic priming or SMP treatment of carrot and onion seeds.