• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 2003

Objectives: In this report, we confirmed the distributed pattern of ALA and ALA-methylester in normal and tumor-bearing region. Materials and Methods: ALA and ALA-methylester were administered to nude mouse by intratumoral, subcutaneous and intravenous injection. After injection, the fluorescence in normal and tumor region was measured by LESA (laser electronic spectrum analyzer). Results: The tumor-specificity of ALA and ALA-methylester was shown in the case of intratumoral injection. In all case, the fluorescence caused by ALA and ALA-methylester was maximally increased in 2 hours after injection. Then while the fluorescence level was rapidly decreased to control level in normal region, it was still remained in tumor region. Conclusion: According to this result, The intratumoral injection was more efficient administration method for PDT/PDD than subcutaneous and intravenous injection.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 1998

Several lines of evidence indicate that some neuropeptides classically associated hypothalamus have been found in pituitary gland, suggesting the existence of local regulation of pituitary function. Among the hypothalamic releasing hormones, genes for TRH and GnRH are expressed in the rat anterior pituitary gland. The present study was carried out to investigate the expression of the GHRH gene in rat anterior pituitary and the pituitary-derived cell lines. The presence of GHRH transcripts in pituitary tissue was shown by 3'rapid amplification of cDNA end (3'-RACE) analysis. In reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) study, GHRH cDNA fragments were amplified from two pituitary-derived cell lines, $\alpha$T3 cells originated from mouse gonadotrope and GH3 cells from rat somatolactotrope. Immunoreactive GHRH was detected in large and medium-sized pituitary cells by immunocytochemistry. Significant amounts of GHRH-like molecules were found in the GH3 cell extracts. In RNase protection assay, the level of pituitary GHRH mRNA was augmented by ovariectomy. These results demonstrate that GHRH gene is expressed in the rat gonadotropes and somatotropes, and suggest that the pituitary GHRH could be participated in the paracrine and/or autocrine regulation of cell proliferation, as well as promoting growth hormone secretion.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.37-53
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• 1998

The sprig of Jinryungtang Gagambang has been used for curing as a traditional medicine without any experimental evidence to support the rational basis for their clinical use. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the possible therapeutic or antitumoral effects of Jinryungtang Gagambang extract against cancer, and to study some mechanisms responsible for its effect. The cytotoxic and antitumor effects were evaluated on human cell liens (A549, hep3B, Caki-1, Sarcoma 180) after exposure to Jinryungtang Gagambang extract using in ILS, colony forming efficency and SRB assay which were regarded as a valuable method for cytotoxic and antitumor effects of unknown compound on tumor cell lines. The results obtained in this studies were as follows. 1. As a result of exposure to Jinryungtang Gagambang extract, the proliferation of A549, hep3B, Caki-1, good correlations were shown from the results of SRB assay and those of clogenetic assay. 2. The oral administration of Jinryungtang Gagambang extract showed significant effects of increase of MST(mean survival time) and ILS(increased life span) depending on the increasing concentration. 3. Against squamous cell carcinoma induced by MCA, Jinryungtang Gagambang decreased not only the frequency of tumor production but also the number and weight of tumors per tumor bearing mice(TBM). Jinryungtang Gagambang also significantly suppressed the development of 3LL cell-implanted tumors by frequency and their size, and some developed tumors were regressed by the continuous treatment of Jinryungtang Gagambang extract into TBM. 4. Jinryungtang Gagambang extract also increased NK cell activities. According to the above results, it could be suggested that Jinryungtang Gagambang extract has prominent antiutmor effect.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.32-41
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• 2004

Purpose : To measure the NMR relaxation properties of MnPC, to observe the characteristics of liver enhancement patterns on MR images in experimentally implanted rabbit VX2 tumor model, and to estimate the possibility of tissue specific contrast agent for MnPC in comparison with the hepatobiliary agent. Materials and Methods : Phthalocyanine (PC) was chelated with paramagnetic ions, manganese (Mn). 2.01 g (5.2 mmol) of phthalocyanine was mixed with 0.37 g (1.4 nlmol) of Mn chloride at $310^{\circ}C$ for 36 hours and then purified by chromatography ($CHCl_3:\;CH_3OH=98:2$, volume ratio) to obtain 1.04 g $(46\%)$ of MnPC (molecular weight = 2000 daltons). The T1/T2 relaxivity (R1/R2) for MnPC were determined at a 1.5 T (64 MHz) MR spectrometer. VX2 tumor model was experimentally implanted in the liver parenchyma of rabbits. All MR studies were performed on 1.5 T. The human extremity radio frequency coil of a bird cage type was employed. MR images were acquired at 17 to 24 days after VX2 carcinoma implantation.4 mmol/kg MnPC and 0.01 mmol/kg Mn-DPDP were injected via the ear vein of rabbits. T1-weighted images were obtained with spin-echo (TR/TE=516/14 msec) and fast multiplanar spoiled gradient recalled (TR/TE : 80/4 msec, $60^{\circ}$ flip angle) pulse sequence. Fast spin-echo (TR/TE=1200/85 msec) was used to obtain the T2-weighted images. Results : The value of T1/T2 relaxivity (R1/R2) of MnPC was $7.28\;mM^{-1}S^{-1}$ and $55.56\;mM^{-1}S^{-1}$ respectively at 1.5 T (64 MHz). Because the T2 relaxivity of MnPC that bonded strongly, covalently manganese with phthalocyanine was very high, the signal intensity of liver parenchyma was decreased on postcontrast T2-weighted images and we could easily distinguish the VX2 carcinoma within the liver parenchyma. When MnPC was administrated intravenously, the tumor margin delineation was more remarkable than Mn-DPDP-enhanced images. The enhancement of liver parenchyma with MnPC persisted at relatively high levels over at least one hour after injection of the contrast agents. Conclusion : The hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of MnPC, which are similar to Mn-DPDP, suggest that this agent is a new liver-specific agent. Also, MnPC seems to be used as a dual contrast agent (T1 and T2) with high T2 relaxivity. However, it is warranted that MnPC needs further investigation as a potential contrast agent for MR imaging of the liver. That is, further characterizations of MnPC are needed in vivo and in vitro before clinical trials. The diagnostic potential of MnPC will also have to be examined more in the animal models of additional types.