• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.210-218
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• 1986

This study was conducted to find out the effects of propylthiouracil and thyroxine on thyroid function and body growth in female rats. One hundred and forty-four female rats (Wistar-imamichi albino rats) of 25 days old were divided into 4 groups; thyroidectomy (Thx), propylthiouracil (PTU), thyroxine (Thyro.)and control (Cont.) groups. Thirty-six rats were allotted to each group, and changes of body weights were weekly checked. In addition, 6 rats in each group were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 weeks after treatments with time elapse for investigating changes of thyroid weights and tissues. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The weights of thyroid gland showed significant differences among all the compared groups at all observation times. The weights of thyroid glands in PTU group were higher than those in control group, but those in the Thyro. group were lower than those in control group. 2. In the histological changes of thyroid glands in the PTU group, the follicle epithelium showed columnar cells following hype trophy and hyperplasia from 1 week after treatment. The follicle epithelium in the Thyro. group were recognized inactive showing squamous cells. 3. The body weights showed significant differences among the compared groups from 2 weeks after treatment. The body weights decreased significantly in PTU and Thx. groups, while those in Thyro. group increased significantly in comparison with those in control group. No significant difference in body weight was noted between PTU and Thx. groups.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.405-413
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• 1975

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of testosterone on the spermatogenesis. Testosterone propionate was administered in 20 mg dose to male rat with 10 days interval for 50 days and the treated rat was compared with normal one in their testis weight and histological changes. The results were as follows: 1. The longer treatment gave the more decreased testis weight. Treated rat for more than 20 days was significantly different from the untreated one. 2. Diameter of seminiferous tubule was significantly reduced in 40 and 50 days treatments. 3. The ratio of disrupted spermatogenesis on seminiferous tubles was significantly increased from 20 days treatment. 4. On volumetric proportion of testicular structure, spermatozoa and spermatid were significantly reduced from 20 and 30 days treatments respectively. Other components in testis were not changed. 5. The administration of testosterone in over dose damages spermatozoa and spermatid more than other components in testis.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.298-303
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• 2010

In this work, the effects of $Cs^+$ on root growth of 2-day-old maize seedlings were scrutinized. CsCl (5 mM - 30 mM) decreased the fresh weight of the primary root and of the shoot above the coleoptilar node. The elongation growth of the primary root was also inhibited by CsCl. The CsCl-inhibited growth was partially restored by 60 mM KCl. Lineweaver-Burk plot of the reaction in the presence and absence of 60 mM KCl displayed competitive interaction of CsCl (at higher than 10 mM). However, the Reversal of the inhibition by 60 mM KCl did not follow the competitive relationship with 5 mM CsCl, indicating the presence of differential mechanisms of $K^+$ influence depending on the concentration of CsCl. The differential effects of CsCl dependent on the concentrations were also observed in the CsCl-evoked radial expansion of the subapical region of the root. In spite of the decrease in length of the root, shrinkage of the root apical meristem was not observed. CsCl above 10 mM induced the expression of ZmKUP1, indicating functional deficiency of $K^+$ due to competition with Cs. However, the expression of ZmKUP1 by 5 mM CsCl was unclear. Conclusively, exogenously applied $Cs^+$ decreased root elongation and fresh weight and caused radial expansion of the subapical region of the primary root in 2-day-old maize seedlings by complex mechanisms including competitive and noncompetitive interactions with $K^+$. Because the shrinkage of the root apical meristem was not observed, it is concluded that the effects of CsCl on maize root growth was mainly related to cell expansion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.779-784
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• 2007

This study investigated quality characteristics of wet noodles with addition of paprika powder prepared by different cultivars, freeze dried Special paprika powder (FDSP) and freeze dried Fiesta paprika powder (FDFP) at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% based on flour source, respectively. The wet noodles containing paprika powder exhibited higher values for cooked weight, volume, water absorption, and turbidity. When the amount of FDSP increased, the Hunter L (lightness) value of cooked noodles decreased but a (redness) value and b (yellowness) value increased. When the amount of FDFP increased, the Hunter L (lightness) and a (redness) value of cooked noodles decreased but b (yellowness) value increased. From textural properties measured by a texture analyzer, the noodles with paprika powder were significantly lower in hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess and chewiness than those of 100% wheat noodle. The results of sensory evaluation of cooked noodles containing paprika powder indicated that the cooked noodles with 1.0% paprika powder showed the highest value.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.182-182
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• 2003

1.연구목적 : Cr $O_3$은 금속 도금용, 페인트 둥에 많이 사용되며 독성이 강하여 그동안 근로자 건강장해 및 직업병 사례가 많이 발생하였다. 그러나 산화크롬의 흡입에 의한 연구자료는 매우 부족하다. 이에 흡입챔버를 이용 Rats에 흡입노출을 통하여 유해성을 평가하고 각 장기에 흡수되는 크롬의 농도평가와 회복기간에 따라 각 장기별로 흡수된 크롬의 소실속도 둥을 연구하였으며 더불어 회복기간과 제거율의 상관관계 및 체내 반감기 등을 연구하였다. 2. 연구방법 : Cr $O_3$를 폐내 침착율 및 흡수율이 높은 0.5～5$\mu\textrm{m}$ 크기의 aerosol형태로 SD Rats 수컷에 전신폭로 하였다. 노출농도는 0.00, 0.20, 0.50, 1.25mg/㎥(Cr)으로 하여 1일 6시간, 주 5일, 13주간 반복 노출하였고 회복군은 시험물질 종료일을 기준으로 2주, 8주 경과 후 조직장기와 전혈, 혈장 및 적혈구내, 뇨 중 각각의 크롬농도를 분석하였으며 혈액 및 혈액 생화학적 검사도 병행하였다 3. 연구결과 : 혈액검사에서 0.20, 0.50 mg/㎥ 농도군 실험동물의 RBC와 HGB, HCT 둥은 감소의 경향을 보였으나 농도 의존적이지는 않았다. 신장의 절대중량은 대조군에 비해 유의하게 (p<0.05) 감소하고 폐장의 경우는 대조군에 비해 유의한(p<0.05) 절대중량 증가를 보였다 시험물질 노출 후 혈액 중 전혈, 혈장, 적혈구의 회복기간(x)별 크롬농도(y)의 소실속도 상관계수 (노출농도 0.50mg/㎥군의 경우)는 y = 66.51 $e^{0.057}$x/, y = 67.2 $e^{0.101}$x/, y = 70.01 $e^{0.030}$x/, 반감기는 12.0, 6.86, 23.0 일이고 폐장, 간장, 신장의 회복기간(x)별 크롬농도(y)의 소실속도 상관계수 (노출농도 0.50 mg/㎥군의 경우)는 y = 1808 $e^{0.004}$93x/, y = 12.02 $e^{0.029}$7x/, y = 67.61 $e^{0.029}$2x/ 반감기는 140.6, 23.3, 23.7 일로 평가되었다. 4. 고찰 : 실험동물의 전혈, 혈청, 뇨에서의 크롬농도와 시험물질 노출농도는 밀접한 상관을 가졌으나 농도에 정비례하지는 않았다. 뇨 중 흡수된 크롬의 경우 회복기간 초기 (12시간 내)에 대부분 배설이 일어나는 것으로 나타났다. 폐장이 간장, 신장 등 다른 장기에 비해 높은 축적량을 보였으며 축적된 크롬농도가 높을수록 크롬의 소실속도는 현저히 저하하는 경향을 보였다. 노출농도가 높을수록 각 장기조직 내 크롬의 소실속도 (clearance)는 크게 감소경향이 있었으며 이는 체내 과부하시 자정작용이 감소하는 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구 결과 SD rat를 이용 반복흡입노출의 경우 생체의 무유해영향농도 (NOAEL)는 0.2mg/㎥이하이며 발암물질을 감안하여 안전계수를 100으로 할 경우 사람에 대한 NOAEL은 0.002mg/㎥이하로 판단되었다. 특히 호흡기와 폐장에 강한 유해성을 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다. 것으로 확인되었다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.77-92
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• 2005

Objective : The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Acanthopanax senticocus(AS) herbal acupuncture on the metabolic syndrome in high-fat diet fed mice. Methods : ICR mice were fed with high-fat diet to induce the metabolic syndrome. During the inducement of the metabolic syndrome, the groups were treated with AS herbal acupuncture with different concentrations(125mg/kg, 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg) to the point of Sinsu(BL23) everyday for 5 weeks. Thereafter, body weight, feed efficiency ratio, blood pressure, blood glucose, insulin level, insulin resistance, oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT), lipid profile(TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, NEFA), mass of liver, histology of white adipose tissue(WAT) and brown adipose tissue(BAT), and expression of GLUT-4 and UCP-1 mRNA were measured. Results : The risk factors of metabolic syndrome such as obesity, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(NIDDM), insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia were aggravated by high-fat diet for 5-weeks. AS herbal acupuncture inhibited the development of weight gain, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, dylipidemia and expression of GLUT-4 in WAT and UCP-1 mRNA in BAT, and also improved oral glucose intolerance and distribution of adipose tissue.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.699-704
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• 2009

Commercially produced 'baby leaves' of Brassica campestris var. narinosa (Chinese cabbage) were used in the present study. Baby leaf vegetables were sown on 128 cell plug trays and harvested 30 days after sowing. For mechanical stress experiments, seedlings were thinned to three per cell, selected for uniformity, and watered at the base. Trays were treated with mechanical stress by stroking back and forth 50 times, using a sheet of A4 paper folded to double thickness. Plants were treated between 12:00 and 14:00 daily for 15-20 days. Harvested baby leaf vegetables were packed in MAP salad bags made of P-plus film, $50{\mu}m$ polypropylene (PP) film, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) boxes. Fresh weight was well-maintained under P-plus and PP film on storage at $8^{\circ}C$. However, loss of fresh weight occurred quickly in PET boxes, and vegetable quality deteriorated rapidly. Stressed leaves were smaller but thicker, with an increased dry weight ratio. We thus suggest that P-plus or PP film is most appropriate packing for marketing of baby leaf vegetables, which should be stored at $8^{\circ}C$. Our data on baby leaf vegetables also make a significant new contribution in that we demonstrate a positive effect of stress touching on baby leaf processability.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.204-211
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to obtain acute (single) oral dose toxicity information on Lactobacillus-fermented Araliae Continentalis Radix aqueous extracts (fACR) in female and male ICR mice, as compared with Araliae Continentalis Radix aqueous extracts (ACR). After administering a single oral dose of fACR, no treatment-related mortalities were observed within 14 days after the end of treatment up to 2,000 mg/kg, the maximum dosage for rodents of both sexes; moreover, no fACR treatment-related changes in the body and organ weights, clinical signs, necropsy, and histopathological findings were detected in this experiment. In addition, no ACR 2,000 mg/kg treatment-related mortalities, clinical signs, body and organ weights, or gross and histopathological findings were observed, as compared with equal genders of vehicle control. The results obtained in this study suggest that fACR is non-toxic in mice and is, therefore, likely to be safe for clinical use. The LD₅₀ and approximate LD in female mice and male mice, respectively, were considered after a single oral dose of fACR over 2,000 mg/kg, the maximum dosage for rodents. In addition, no specific targets or clinical signs were detected in the present study. ACR 2,000 mg/kg-treated mice also did not show any treatment-related mortalities, clinical signs, changes to body and organ weights, or gross and histopathological findings, as compared with equal genders of vehicle control.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.127-136
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• 2012

This study examined antioxidative activities and quality characteristics of noodle produced with the pine needle powder as 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% (v/v to korean wheat powder). DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, antioxidative activities, tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the solvent fraction extracts increased in a dose-dependent manner. Especially, butanol fraction showed high DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, antioxidative activities and tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The weight, volume, water absorption and turbidity of cooked noodles containing pine needle powder increased as pine needle powders were higher. When the amount of pine needle powder increased, the Hunter L (lightness) and a (redness) value of cooked noodles decreased, but b (yellowness) value increased. The texture of noodle containing pine needle powder have decreased than control using only Korean wheat powder in hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess and chewiness. The results of sensory evaluation of cooked noodles containing pine needle powder indicated that the cooked noodles with 1.0% pine needle powder showed the highest value.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.931-939
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• 1996

An experimental comparative study was done to determine the protective effects of three preservation solutions on isolated rabbit heart-lung bloc during acute ischemia and reperfusion of the lung during lung transplantation. Thirty Isolated rabbit heart-lung blocs were divided into 3 groups , group I(n:9) was preserved with Hartmann's solution, group II(n: 10) with modified University of Wisconsin solution, and group III(n: 1 1) with Kosin solution. The isolated heart-lung blocs were washed with Hartmann's so ution. Aftar infusion of each preservation solution into pulmonary artery, the heart-lung bloc was stored at 4'c cold preservation solution for each group for 4 hours and .then the heart-lung blocs were reventilated and reperfused. The changes of weight of heart-lung blocs, airway pressure, percent change of PCO2, level of lactate and adenosine deaminase(ADA) and microscopic structure of the lung parenchyme were evaluated. Results were as follows 1. A change of weight of the heart lung bloc after reperfusion was lowest in group 111(p< .05) 2. The airway pressure increased after reperfusion in group I but decreased in group II, and II. Especially in group II, post-reperfusion airway pressure returned to level lower than that of en-bloc resection. 3. Pulmonary artery pressure during reperfusion after 4 hour preservation was lowest in group III, and pulmonary artery pressure in group II was higher than in group I(P> 0.1). 4. The level of lactate and ADA in the lung tissue were higher in group III than in group I and II(P< .05) 5. The percent change of PCO2 in perfusate was slightly higher in group III than group I and II. 6. Microscopic changes in lung tissue after reperfusion were diffuse pulmonary edema, expansion of inter- stitial tissue, focal aggregation of erythrocytes, and basement membrane abnormalities, but no differences were found among the three groups. In conclusion, the protective effects of modified University of Wisconsin solution and Kosin solution were slightly superior to Hartmann's solution.