• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.57-76
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• 2015

A total of 708 methanol extracts from 599 species in 126 families(e.g. Aceraceae) of plant resources were screened for inhibition of cosmetics contaminating microbe, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans using 96-well microplate bioassay. Four plant extracts including Celastrus orbiculatus inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus over 90%, 38 extracts including Acer palmatum var. nakaii inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa over 60% and 10 extracts including Ilex crenata var. microphylla inhibited growth of Candida albicans over 60%. Plant extracts showing growth inhibition activity against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans could be used as a reference guide for the future development of natural preservatives for cosmetics.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.1 s.84
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• pp.20-24
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• 1998

The effects of liquid spawn to sawdust substrate on the growth of Flammulina velutipes were conducted for two years. The duration of optimal incubation for preculture and main culture of liquid spawn was 4 days and 6 days, respectively. When using liquid spawn, the application time for the first pinhead formation was similar with sawdust spawn, and incubation time of sawdust substrate was variable with liquid spawn and inoculum quantity. But, the overall yield of mushroom fruitbody was increased by using liquid spawn, excepting sesame hull extract medium.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.1 s.84
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• pp.25-30
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• 1998

Present expriments were conducted to determine the possibility of cultivation of Coriolus versicolor selected among the higher fungi growing in Korea. Dried apple sawdust used in this study consisted of 31.5% C, 0.54% N, 2.41 % CaO, 0.05% $P_2O_5$, 0.48% MgO and 0.81% $K_2O$(pH 5.6). Coriolus versicolor mushrooms were cultivated on the sawdust media; apple sawdust; rice bran=80:20 in 850cc polypropylene bottles. The isolate of Coriolus versicolor used was YCV collected from an Apple farm in Youngchun district. It took 34 days to make fruitbody from spawning. The fruit bodies produced the total fresh weight 28 g in a bottles, and converted to 64% of fresh weight.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.183-185
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• 2022

High-income mushroom crops require complex farming. Therefore, we conducted a test to identify the optimum temperature for the production of antler-shaped Ganoderma lucidum using the King Oyster mushroom cultivation facility. T-N showed 0.28% of oak sawdust and 2.2% of nutritional source. The pH of oak sawdust was 6.0, indicating weak acidity, and that of rice steel was 6.6, indicating neutrality in nutrition source. Study on the quality characteristics of mushrooms showed that the number of days at 25℃ were 5~6 and those at 30℃ were 3~5; the representative length at 25℃ was 57.5 mm and that at 30℃ was 92.2 mm; the biological weight at 25 ℃ was 43 g, which was greater than that at 30℃.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.35-42
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• 2022

This study aimed to examine the major domestic and foreign regulations related to the production of organic products. The production and consumption of organic products have been expanding due to the increase in consumer demand for safe food, as well as improved certification procedures and industry trends. In case of organic mushrooms, there were 405 certified farms nationwide in 2021, with a cultivation area of 3,886,628 m² and a planned production of 6,011 tons. Jeollanam-do has 221 farms, a cultivation area of 2,923,402 m², and a certification plan for 2,132 tons. Shiitake mushrooms are ranked first with 369 farms, a cultivation area of 3,805,636 m², and a certification plan for 3,576 tons, representing 91% of the farms, 98% of the cultivation area, and 60% of the certification planning.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.12
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• pp.3069-3077
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• 1997

This paper is concerned with a new paradigm for parallel evaluation of linear recursion rules which contain transitive dependency in a shared-nothing parallel architecture. For parallel evaluation of rules, we consider a shared-nothing parallel architecture that consists of a set of nodes and a message passing network to these nodes. An evaluation of normalized rules is a computation of the proof theoretic meaning of a collection of rules. We shall here define normalized recursion rules which contain transitive dependency, present an equivalent expression for the rule, propose a paradigm for Parallel evaluation of normalized rule based on the equivalent expression using join, partition, and transitive closure operations, and analyze response-time complexity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.603-608
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• 2014

In the maritime traffic environment, the near-miss between vessels is the situation approaching on collision course but collision accident is not occurred. In this study, in order to calculate the near-miss between navigating vessels, the discriminating equation using ship bumper theory and vessel position clustering methods are proposed. Applying proposed module to the vessel trajectories of the WANDO waterway, we assessment navigational risk factors of vessel type, navigational speed, meeting situation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.462-469
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• 2023

In this study, we propose a method for evaluating the risk of collision between ships to support determination on the risk of collision in a situation in which ships encounter each other and to prevent collision accidents. Because several uncertainties are involved in the navigation of a ship, must be considered when evaluating the risk of collision. We apply the Dempster-Shafer theory to manage this uncertainty and evaluate the collision risk of each target vessel in real time. The distance at the closest point approach (DCPA), time to the closest point approach (TCPA), distance from another vessel, relative bearing, and velocity ratio are used as evaluation factors for ship collision risk. The basic probability assignments (BPAs) calculated by membership functions for each evaluation factor are fused through the combination rule of the Dempster-Shafer theory. As a result of the experiment using automatic identification system (AIS) data collected in situations where ships actually encounter each other, the suitability of evaluation was verified. By evaluating the risk of collision in real time in encounter situations between ships, collision accidents caused by human errora can be prevented. This is expected to be used for vessel traffic service systems and collision avoidance systems for autonomous ships.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.06a
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• pp.290-293
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• 2014

하인리히 법칙에 따르면, 하나의 대형사고는 다수의 경미한 사고나 수많은 근접한 위험상황이 발생한 위치에서 발생할 확률이 높다. 해상교통상황에서도 양 선박이 충돌 위험이 있는 상황, 즉 근접사고 상황은 해상교통관련 대형 사고를 예방하는 관점에서 중요하다. 하지만, 아직까지 이러한 근접사고 자료는 VTS데이터 접근에 어려움, 관련 전문 기법 부족 등으로 수집 분석하는데 어려움이 있었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 해상교통 근접사고를 조우하는 선박간에 시공간적으로 충돌에 근접한 상황들이 발생하여 충돌의 위험이 일정한 값 이상으로 높아진 상황으로 정의하고, 2013년도 완도VTS 관제해역 해상교통 항적데이터를 적용하여 근접사고 통계를 분석하였다.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.265-272
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• 2011

The electrical load profiles of end-users must be analysed properly to introduce distributed generation system efficiently. In this study, numerical simulation for predicting a residential electrical load profile was developed to satisfy categorized electricity consumption range. We applied bottom-up approach to compose electrical load profile by using data from official reports and statistics. The electrical load profile produced from the simulation predicted peak times of public report accurately and agreed well with the standard residential electrical load profile of official reports within average error of 16.2%.